Background
Methods
Study design and participants
Procedures
Measures
Health outcomes
Socio-demographic indicators
Socioeconomic indicators
Statistical analysis
Results
Sampling
2001 UK Census for the SELCoH study catchment areaa
n (%) | SELCoH study sample n (%) | |
---|---|---|
Total samples
b
| N = 511035 | N = 1698 |
Gender
| ||
Female | 260066 (50.9%) | 959 (56.5%) |
Male | 250969 (49.1%) | 739 (43.5%) |
Ethnic group
| ||
White | 320377 (62.7%) | 1051 (63.4%) |
Mixed c
| 22014 (4.3%) | --- |
Black-Caribbean | 51694 (9.9%) | 143 (8.7%) |
Black-African | 70186 (7.3%) | 234 (13.2%) |
Asian or Asian British | 22105 (4.3%) | 63 (3.5%) |
Other | 36593 (7.2%) | 205 (11.2%) |
Age groups
| ||
16-29 | 129290 (32.6%) | 577 (34.0%) |
30-59 | 200387 (50.5%) | 876 (51.6%) |
60+ | 66770 (16.8%) | 244 (14.4%) |
Economically active
d
| 265546 (68.5%) | 1125 (69.5%) |
Economically inactive
e
| 121919 (31.5%) | 494 (30.5%) |
Common mental disorder
n | N | Prevalence (95%CI) | p-value‡ | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Test for trend | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Indicators | ||||||
Total sample | 24.2 (21.9-26.5) | |||||
Gender | ||||||
Female | 265 | 959 | 27.3 (24.3-30.2) | < 0.001 | 1.7 (1.4-2.2)*** | |
Male | 131 | 739 | 17.9 (15.0-20.8) | 1.0 | ||
Ethnic group | ||||||
White British | 250 | 1051 | 24.3 (21.5-27.3) | 0.19 | 1.0 | |
Black-Caribbean | 41 | 143 | 31.0 (22.3-39.8) | 1.4 (0.9-2.2) | ||
Black-African | 44 | 234 | 19.5 (13.8-25.1) | 0.8 (0.5-1.1) | ||
Asian | 14 | 63 | 24.9 (15.9-33.9) | 1.0 (0.6-1.7) | ||
Other | 46 | 205 | 23.0 (16.8-29.3) | 0.9 (0.6-1.4) | ||
Age (years) | ||||||
16-24 | 84 | 356 | 25.1 (20.2-30.0) | 0.13 | 1.0 | |
25-34 | 88 | 404 | 22.8 (18.4-27.2) | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | ||
35-44 | 77 | 336 | 24.3 (19.4-29.1) | 0.9 (0.7-1.4) | ||
45-54 | 75 | 264 | 30.1 (24.2-35.9) | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | ||
55-64 | 41 | 163 | 25.4 (18.2-32.5) | 1.0 (0.6-1.6) | ||
65+ | 31 | 175 | 18.3 (12.3-24.3) | 0.7 (0.4-1.1) | ||
Relationship status | ||||||
Never married | 172 | 678 | 26.5 (22.9-30.2) | < 0.01 | 1.0 | |
Married/cohabiting | 153 | 786 | 19.8 (16.8-22.9) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9)** | ||
Divorced/separated | 57 | 181 | 32.2 (25.1-39.4) | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | ||
Widowed | 14 | 53 | 27.1 (14.9-39.4) | 1.0 (0.5-1.9) | ||
Borough | ||||||
Southwark | 197 | 851 | 23.7 (20.5-26.9) | 0.69 | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) | |
Lambeth | 199 | 847 | 24.6 (21.4-27.8) | 1.0 | ||
Socioeconomic Indicators
| ||||||
Educational attainment | ||||||
No qualifications | 61 | 228 | 25.7 (19.8-31.6) | < 0.01 | 1.5 (1.0-2.1)* | p = 0.003 |
Up to GCSE level | 100 | 332 | 30.5 (25.2-35.8) | 1.8 (1.3-2.5)*** | ||
Advanced level | 102 | 426 | 25.6 (21.2-29.9) | 1.4 (1.1-1.9)* | ||
Higher degree or above | 127 | 693 | 19.2 (16.1-22.3) | 1.0 | ||
Social class | ||||||
Non-manual | 135 | 703 | 19.9 (16.7-23.1) | < 0.01 | 1.0 | |
Manual | 51 | 244 | 22.2 (16.4-27.9) | 1.1 (0.8-1.7) | ||
No current occupation | 201 | 714 | 28.5 (24.9-32.1) | 1.6 (1.2-2.1)*** | ||
Employment status | ||||||
Full time | 122 | 662 | 18.9 (15.8-22.2) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Part time/casual | 57 | 259 | 22.6 (17.2-28.1) | 1.2 (0.9-1.8) | ||
Student/student working | 46 | 247 | 19.8 (14.6-25.1) | 1.1 (0.7-1.6) | ||
Unemployed | 58 | 170 | 35.5 (27.9-43.0) | 2.3 (1.6-3.4)*** | ||
Temporary and permanent sick | 54 | 81 | 67.0 (56.4-77.6) | 8.7 (5.1-14.7)*** | ||
Retired | 36 | 188 | 19.8 (13.8-25.8) | 1.1 (0.7-1.6) | ||
Home looking after children | 21 | 82 | 25.2 (15.8-34.6) | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | ||
Yearly household income | ||||||
£0 - £5,475 | 60 | 139 | 42.2 (33.3-51.2) | < 0.001 | 3.2 (2.1-4.8)*** | < 0.001 |
£5476 - £12,097 | 58 | 212 | 26.6 (20.5-32.7) | 1.6 (1.1-2.3)* | ||
£12,098 - £20,753 | 56 | 203 | 28.9 (22.4-35.5) | 1.8 (1.2-2.6)** | ||
£20,754 - £31,494 | 40 | 179 | 23.2 (15.8-30.6) | 1.3 (0.8-2.0) | ||
£31,495 or more | 129 | 703 | 18.8 (15.7-22.8) | 1.0 | ||
Housing tenure | ||||||
Own/mortgage | 93 | 525 | 18.9 (15.1-22.7) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Rented | 286 | 1058 | 27.9 (24.8-30.9) | 1.7 (1.2-2.2)*** | ||
Rent free | 16 | 112 | 14.2 (7.4-21.1) | 0.7 (0.4-1.3) |
Hazardous alcohol consumption
n | N | Prevalence (95%CI) | p-value‡ | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Indicators | |||||
Total sample | 15.7 (13.8-17.6) | ||||
Gender | |||||
Female | 120 | 959 | 11.3 (9.2-13.3) | < 0.001 | 0.4 (0.3-0.5)*** |
Male | 193 | 739 | 24.6 (21.2-27.9) | 1.0 | |
Ethnic group | |||||
White British | 261 | 1051 | 20.5 (17.9-23.2) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Black-Caribbean | 6 | 143 | 3.8 (0.8-6.8) | 0.2 (0.1-0.4)*** | |
Black-African | 9 | 234 | 3.4 (1.2-5.7) | 0.1 (0.1-0.3)*** | |
Asian | 11 | 63 | 16.3 (6.9-25.6) | 0.8 (0.4-1.5) | |
Other | 26 | 205 | 11.8 (7.2-16.4) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8)*** | |
Age (years) | |||||
16-24 | 83 | 356 | 22.7 (17.8-27.7) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
25-34 | 98 | 404 | 22.7 (18.3-27.1) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | |
35-44 | 72 | 336 | 19.5 (15.1-23.9) | 0.8 (0.6-1.2) | |
45-54 | 33 | 264 | 11.2 (7.3-15.1) | 0.4 (0.3-0.7)** | |
55-64 | 20 | 163 | 10.2 (5.6-14.8) | 0.4 (0.2-0.7)** | |
65+ | 7 | 175 | 3.3 (0.8-5.7) | 0.1 (0.1-0.3)*** | |
Relationship status | |||||
Never married | 159 | 678 | 21.4 (17.9-24.9) | 0.001 | 1.0 |
Married/cohabiting | 121 | 786 | 12.9 (10.5-15.3) | 0.5 (0.4-0.7)*** | |
Divorced/separated | 30 | 181 | 14.1 (9.2-19.0) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9)* | |
Widowed | 3 | 53 | 4.8 (0.7-10.2) | 0.2 (0.5-0.6)** | |
Borough | |||||
Southwark | 150 | 851 | 16.3 (13.6-19.0) | 0.53 | 0.9 (0.7-1.2) |
Lambeth | 163 | 847 | 15.1 (12.4-17.8) | 1.0 | |
Socioeconomic Indicators
| |||||
Educational attainment | |||||
No qualifications | 28 | 228 | 9.9 (5.9-13.9) | < 0.001 | 0.4 (0.2-0.6)*** |
Up to GCSE level | 38 | 332 | 9.3 (6.4-12.2) | 0.4 (0.3-0.5)*** | |
Advanced level | 73 | 426 | 15.6 (11.9-19.3) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9)** | |
Higher degree or above | 172 | 693 | 21.7 (18.5-24.9) | 1.0 | |
Social class | |||||
Non-manual | 156 | 703 | 19.5 (16.5-22.6) | 0.001 | 1.0 |
Manual | 28 | 244 | 9.8 (6.0-13.6) | 0.4 (0.3-0.7)** | |
No current occupation | 119 | 714 | 13.9 (11.2-16.7) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9)** | |
Employment status | |||||
Full time | 157 | 662 | 21.0 (17.7-24.3) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Part time/casual | 25 | 259 | 8.2 (5.0-11.4) | 0.3 (0.2-0.5)*** | |
Student/student working | 56 | 247 | 22.5 (16.1-28.8) | 1.1 (0.7-1.6) | |
Unemployed | 36 | 170 | 20.6 (14.2-27.0) | 0.9 (0.6-1.5) | |
Temporary and permanent sick | 17 | 81 | 16.7 (8.1-25.2) | 0.8 (0.4-1.4) | |
Retired | 16 | 188 | 6.5 (3.3-9.8) | 0.3 (0.1-0.5)*** | |
Home looking after children | 5 | 82 | 6.3 (0.9-11.7) | 0.3 (0.1-0.6)** | |
Yearly household income | |||||
£0 - £5,475 | 32 | 139 | 18.9 (12.5-25.3) | < 0.001 | 0.8 (0.5-1.2) |
£5476 - £12,097 | 26 | 212 | 10.4 (6.5-14.4) | 0.4 (0.2-0.6)*** | |
£12,098 - £20,753 | 16 | 203 | 6.5 (3.2-9.8) | 0.2 (0.1-0.4)*** | |
£20,754 - £31,494 | 29 | 179 | 14.7 (9.5-19.8) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9)** | |
£31,495 or more | 182 | 703 | 22.9 (19.6-26.2) | 1.0 | |
Housing tenure Own/mortgage | 88 | 525 | 13.9 (10.9-16.9) | 0.36 | 1.0 |
Rented | 203 | 1058 | 16.4 (13.9-18.9) | 1.2 (0.9-1.7) | |
Rent free | 22 | 112 | 18.3 (10.1-26.5) | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) |
Self-rated health
n | N | Prevalence (95%CI) | p-value‡ | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Test for trend | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Indicators | ||||||
Total sample | 19.2 (17.0-21.3) | |||||
Gender | ||||||
Female | 185 | 954 | 21.5 (17.7-23.3) | 0.05 | 1.3 (1.0-1.7)* | |
Male | 111 | 734 | 16.5 (13.6-19.4) | 1.0 | ||
Ethnic group | ||||||
White British | 172 | 1049 | 17.6 (15.0-20.3) | 0.01 | 1.00 | |
Black-Caribbean | 39 | 142 | 29.9 (21.6-38.3) | 2.0 (1.3-3.1)** | ||
Black-African | 31 | 231 | 14.6 (9.5-19.6) | 0.8 (0.5-1.2) | ||
Asian | 11 | 62 | 22.3 (8.6-36.1) | 1.3 (0.6-3.0) | ||
Other | 42 | 202 | 23.6 (17.1-30.1) | 1.4 (0.9-2.1) | ||
Age (years) | ||||||
16-24 | 48 | 356 | 14.1 (10.3-17.9) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
25-34 | 41 | 404 | 10.3 (7.2-13.3) | 0.7 (0.4-1.1) | ||
35-44 | 50 | 336 | 15.3 (11.2-19.5) | 1.1 (0.7-1.7) | ||
45-54 | 69 | 260 | 27.7 (22.1-33.4) | 2.3 (1.6-3.5)*** | ||
55-64 | 42 | 159 | 26.1 (18.6-33.6) | 2.2 (1.3-3.6)** | ||
65+ | 46 | 173 | 26.8 (20.1-33.6) | 2.2 (1.4-3.6)*** | ||
Relationship status | ||||||
Never married | 111 | 677 | 17.3 (14.2-20.4) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Married/cohabiting | 120 | 779 | 16.8 (13.8-19.7) | 0.9 (0.7-1.3) | ||
Divorced/separated | 51 | 179 | 30.1 (22.9-37.3) | 2.1 (1.4-3.1)*** | ||
Widowed | 14 | 53 | 27.1 (14.8-39.4) | 1.8 (0.9-3.4) | ||
Borough | ||||||
Southwark | 157 | 844 | 17.9 (15.0-20.9) | 0.26 | 1.2 (0.9-1.6) | |
Lambeth | 139 | 844 | 20.4 (17.2-23.6) | 1.0 | ||
Socioeconomic Indicators
| ||||||
Educational attainment | ||||||
No qualifications | 81 | 222 | 35.8 (28.9-42.6) | < 0.001 | 4.8 (3.3-7.2) *** | < 0.001 |
Up to GCSE level | 78 | 330 | 25.7 (20.4-30.9) | 3.0 (2.1-4.4) *** | ||
Advanced level | 62 | 424 | 15.5 (11.7-19.2) | 1.6 (1.1-2.4)* | ||
Higher degree or above | 67 | 693 | 10.3 (7.9-12.7) | 1.0 | ||
Social class | ||||||
Non-manual | 71 | 703 | 10.3 (7.9-12.7) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Manual | 33 | 244 | 14.4 (9.6-19.1) | 1.5 (0.9-2.3) | ||
No current occupation | 186 | 704 | 28.4 (24.6-32.1) | 3.4 (2.5-4.7) *** | ||
Employment status | ||||||
Full time | 72 | 662 | 11.4 (8.8-14.1) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Part time/casual | 30 | 259 | 11.4 (7.4-15.3) | 1.0 (0.6-1.6) | ||
Student/student working | 26 | 247 | 10.8 (6.9-14.7) | 0.9 (0.6-1.5) | ||
Unemployed | 42 | 169 | 26.3 (19.1-33.5) | 2.8 (1.8-4.3)*** | ||
Temporary and permanent sick | 59 | 78 | 78.0 (68.7-87.3) | 27.6 (15.0-50.5)*** | ||
Retired | 54 | 183 | 29.1 (22.4-35.8) | 3.2 (2.1-4.9)*** | ||
Home looking after children | 12 | 81 | 15.1 (7.2-22.9) | 1.4 (0.7-2.7) | ||
Yearly household income | ||||||
£0 - £5,475 | 54 | 137 | 40.7 (31.7-49.7) | < 0.001 | 6.5 (4.1-10.2)*** | < 0.001 |
£5476 - £12,097 | 53 | 210 | 26.1 (19.8-32.4) | 3.3 (2.2-5.1)*** | ||
£12,098 - £20,753 | 49 | 203 | 25.9 (19.3-32.6) | 3.3 (2.2-5.1)*** | ||
£20,754 - £31,494 | 31 | 177 | 17.6 (11.1-24.1) | 2.0 (1.2-3.4)** | ||
£31,495 or more | 64 | 703 | 9.6 (7.2-11.8) | 1.0 | ||
Housing tenure | ||||||
Own/mortgage | 54 | 523 | 11.1 (8.1-14.1) | < 0.001 | 1.0 | |
Rented | 225 | 1051 | 23.8 (20.8-26.7) | 2.5 (1.8-3.5)*** | ||
Rent free | 17 | 111 | 16.1 (8.8-23.3) | 1.5 (0.8-2.9) |
Long standing illness
n | N | Prevalence (95%CI) | p-value‡ | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Indicators | |||||
Total sample | 44.9 (42.4-47.6) | ||||
Gender | |||||
Female | 394 | 953 | 46.1 (42.8-49.4) | 0.17 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) |
Male | 279 | 735 | 42.8 (39.0-46.5) | 1.0 | |
Ethnic group | |||||
White British | 439 | 1048 | 47.2 (43.9-50.5) | 0.05 | 1.0 |
Black-Caribbean | 56 | 142 | 44.9 (36.7-53.3) | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | |
Black-African | 73 | 230 | 35.2 (28.3-42.0) | 0.6 (0.4-0.8)** | |
Asian | 24 | 63 | 42.9 (28.9-56.8) | 0.8 (0.5-1.5) | |
Other | 80 | 203 | 44.4 (37.0-51.8) | 0.9 (0.6-1.2) | |
Age (years) | |||||
16-24 | 80 | 356 | 23.2 (19.1-27.3) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
25-34 | 83 | 402 | 20.6 (16.4-24.7) | 0.9 (0.6-1.2) | |
35-44 | 123 | 336 | 37.4 (32.0-42.9) | 1.9 (1.4-2.8)*** | |
45-54 | 138 | 259 | 54.3 (48.1-60.6) | 3.9 (2.8-5.6)*** | |
55-64 | 109 | 161 | 69.0 (61.7-76.3) | 7.4 (4.9-11.1)*** | |
65+ | 140 | 174 | 79.9 (73.9-85.9) | 13.1 (8.5-20.3)*** | |
Relationship status | |||||
Never married | 212 | 674 | 34.2 (30.4-37.9) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Married/cohabiting | 320 | 782 | 45.6 (41.7-49.5) | 1.6 (1.3-2.0)*** | |
Divorced/separated | 103 | 179 | 61.1 (53.8-68.5) | 3.0 (2.1-4.3)*** | |
Widowed | 38 | 53 | 73.6 (61.7-85.6) | 5.4 (2.8-10.2)*** | |
Borough | |||||
Southwark | 360 | 845 | 41.6 (38.0-45.2) | 0.01 | 1.3 (1.1-1.6)** |
Lambeth | 313 | 843 | 48.3 (44.6-52.0) | 1.0 | |
Socioeconomic Indicators
| |||||
Educational attainment | |||||
No qualifications | 146 | 224 | 70.0 (64.0-76.0) | < 0.001 | 4.3 (3.1-5.9) *** |
Up to GCSE level | 144 | 329 | 50.2 (44.6-55.9) | 1.9 (1.4-2.5) *** | |
Advanced level | 146 | 426 | 36.8 (31.9-41.6) | 1.1 (0.8-1.4) | |
Higher degree or above | 222 | 690 | 35.2 (31.5-38.9) | 1.0 | |
Social class | |||||
Non-manual | 217 | 700 | 33.1 (29.4-36.9) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Manual | 77 | 244 | 35.9 (29.4-42.6) | 1.1 (0.8-1.6) | |
No current occupation | 362 | 708 | 57.2 (53.2-61.1) | 2.7 (2.1-3.4) *** | |
Employment status | |||||
Full time | 202 | 658 | 33.2 (29.3-37.1) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Part time/casual | 90 | 259 | 38.9 (32.6-45.4) | 1.3 (0.9-1.8) | |
Student/student working | 59 | 247 | 24.0 (18.8-29.2) | 0.6 (0.5-0.9)** | |
Unemployed | 65 | 168 | 40.5 (32.8-48.3) | 1.4 (0.9-2.0) | |
Temporary and permanent sick | 72 | 78 | 93.8 (88.8-98.8) | 30.5 (12.8-72.9)*** | |
Retired | 151 | 187 | 80.6 (74.8-86.4) | 8.4 (5.5-12.7)*** | |
Home looking after children | 31 | 82 | 39.8 (29.1-50.6) | 1.3 (0.8-2.2) | |
Yearly household income | |||||
£0 - £5,475 | 76 | 137 | 59.7 (51.7-67.8) | < 0.001 | 2.9 (2.1-4.3)*** |
£5476 - £12,097 | 118 | 210 | 62.8 (55.9-69.6) | 3.4 (2.4-4.8)*** | |
£12,098 - £20,753 | 91 | 203 | 49.9 (42.7-57.1) | 2.0 (1.4-2.8)*** | |
£20,754 - £31,494 | 63 | 178 | 41.2 (33.4-49.1) | 1.4 (0.9-2.0) | |
£31,495 or more | 218 | 701 | 33.2 (29.5-36.9) | 1.0 | |
Housing tenure | |||||
Own/mortgage | 217 | 525 | 44.9 (40.5-49.5) | < 0.001 | 1.0 |
Rented | 433 | 1052 | 47.3 (43.9-50.6) | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) | |
Rent free | 23 | 109 | 21.1 (13.1-29.2) | 0.3 (0.2-0.5)*** |
Comparisons across health outcomes
Common mental disorder | Hazardous alcohol use | Fair or poor general health | Long standing illness | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | |
Demographic Indicators
| ||||
Gender | ||||
Female | 1.4 (1.1-1.9)* | 0.3 (0.2-0.4)*** | 1.2 (0.8-1.6) | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) |
Male | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Ethnic group | ||||
White British | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Black-Caribbean | 0.9 (0.6-1.7) | 0.2 (0.1-0.5)*** | 1.4 (0.8-2.4) | 0.7 (0.4-1.2) |
Black-African | 0.6 (0.4-0.9)* | 0.1 (0.1-0.3)*** | 0.7 (0.4-1.1) | 0.8 (0.6-1.2) |
Asian | 0.9 (0.5-2.0) | 1.0 (0.5-2.1) | 1.7 (0.7-4.0) | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) |
Other | 0.8 (0.5-1.1) | 0.4 (0.2-0.7)** | 1.4 (0.9-2.2) | 1.1 (0.8-1.6) |
Age (continuous in years) | 1.0 (0.9-1.0) | 0.9 (0.9-0.9)*** | 1.0 (0.9-1.0) | 1.1 (1.0-1.1)*** |
Relationship status | ||||
Never married | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Married/cohabiting | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) | 0.6 (0.4-0.9)** | 0.9 (0.6-1.3) | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) |
Divorced/separated | 1.1 (0.7-1.8) | 1.3 (0.7-2.3) | 1.3 (0.8-2.2) | 0.9 (0.6-1.5) |
Widowed | 1.1 (0.5-2.4) | 0.9 (0.2-3.7) | 0.5 (0.2-1.3) | 0.4 (0.2-1.0) |
Socioeconomic Indicators
| ||||
Educational attainment | ||||
No qualifications | 1.4 (0.8-2.3) | 1.0 (0.5-1.9) | 1.7 (0.9-3.1) | 1.0 (0.6-1.7) |
Up to GCSE level | 1.5 (0.9-2.2) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8)** | 1.6 (0.9-2.6) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) |
Advanced level | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9)* | 1.0 (0.6-1.6) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) |
Higher degree or above | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Employment status | ||||
In paid employment | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Unemployed | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 1.7 (0.9-3.0) | 1.6 (0.9-2.7) | 1.0 (0.6-1.7) |
Economically inactive | 1.1 (0.8-1.6) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) | 1.7 (1.1-2.5)** | 1.7 (1.2-2.3)** |
Yearly household income | ||||
£0 - £5,475 | 2.2 (1.3-3.7)** | 1.0 (0.6-1.9) | 2.5 (1.4-4.6)** | 1.7 (1.0-2.8)* |
£5476 - £12,097 | 1.2 (0.7-1.9) | 0.6 (0.3-0.9)* | 1.2 (0.7-2.2) | 1.5 (0.9-2.3) |
£12,098 - £20,753 | 1.4 (0.9-2.1) | 0.3 (0.2-0.6)*** | 1.6 (0.9-2.7) | 1.2 (0.8-1.7) |
£20,754 - £31,494 | 1.1 (0.7-1.8) | 0.7 (0.4-1.2) | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) |
£31,495 or more | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Housing tenure | ||||
Own/mortgage | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Rented | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | 1.9 (1.3-3.0)** | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) |
Rent free | 0.3 (0.1-0.7)** | 0.9 (0.4-1.9) | 1.4 (0.6-3.6) | 0.7 (0.3-1.7) |
Relationship between health outcomes
Common mental disorder | Hazardous alcohol use | Fair or poor general health | |
---|---|---|---|
Health Indicators
| Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted OR(95%CI) |
Hazardous alcohol use | |||
Yes | 2.0 (1.4-2.9)*** | ||
No | 1.0 | ||
Fair or poor general health | |||
Yes | 6.1 (4.3-8.5)*** | 1.3 (0.9-2.1) | |
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Long standing illness | |||
Yes | 2.4 (1.8-3.2)*** | 1.3 (0.9-1.8) | 5.3 (3.8-7.4)*** |
No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Health indicators and functioning
Limitations for social functioning | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prevalence (95%CI) | Unadjusted RRR†† (95%CI) | Adjusted RRR††† (95%CI) | ||||
Health Indicators
| Most or all of the time | Some of the time | Most or all of the time | Some of the time | Most or all of the time | Some of the time |
Common mental disorder | ||||||
Yes | 25.2 (20.4-29.9) | 48.9 (43.8-54.2) | 27.5 (17.1-44.4)*** | 7.5 (5.7-9.9)*** | 22.3 (13.0-38.2)*** | 6.9 (5.0-9.4)*** |
No | 2.7 (1.8-3.7) | 19.5 (17.2-21.9) | ||||
Hazardous alcohol use | ||||||
Yes | 8.0 (4.6-11.4) | 34.0 (28.2-39.8) | 1.2 (0.7-1.9) | 1.6 (1.2-2.1)** | 2.3 (1.2-4.4)** | 1.4 (1.0-1.9)* |
No | 7.9 (6.3-9.5) | 25.1 (22.7-27.6) | ||||
Fair or poor general health | ||||||
Yes | 25.4 (19.9-30.9) | 37.5 (31.5-43.4) | 12.2 (7.9-18.8)*** | 3.0 (2.2-4.1)*** | 8.4 (5.2-13.6)*** | 3.2 (2.2-4.5)*** |
No | 4.0 (2.9-5.1) | 24.0 (21.5-26.4) | ||||
Long standing illness | ||||||
Yes | 13.8 (11.0-16.6) | 28.6 (24.9-32.2) | 5.0 (3.3-7.7)*** | 1.4 (1.1-1.8)** | 3.8 (2.3-6.4)*** | 1.8 (1.3-2.4)*** |
No | 3.4 (2.2-4.6) | 24.9 (22.0-27.8) | ||||
Physical health limits functioning
| ||||||
Health Indicators
| Prevalence (95%CI) | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted† OR (95%CI) | |||
Common mental disorder | ||||||
Yes | 45.2 (39.9-50.4) | 4.9 (3.7-6.4)*** | 5.3 (3.8-7.2)*** | |||
No | 14.5 (12.4-16.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Hazardous alcohol use | ||||||
Yes | 18.7 (13.8-23.6) | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) | |||
No | 22.3 (19.8-24.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Fair or poor general health | ||||||
Yes | 56.3 (50.2-62.4) | 8.2 (6.1-10.9)*** | 6.6 (4.7-9.2)*** | |||
No | 13.6 (11.7-15.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Long standing illness | ||||||
Yes | 38.8 (34.9-42.8) | 7.2 (5.4-9.7)*** | 4.9 (3.5-6.9)*** | |||
No | 8.1 (6.3-9.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Emotional health limits functioning
| ||||||
Health Indicators
| Prevalence (95%CI) | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | Adjusted† OR (95%CI) | |||
Common mental disorder | ||||||
Yes | 50.6 (45.3-55.9) | 17.7 (12.7-24.8)*** | 15.4 (10.6-22.5)*** | |||
No | 5.5 (4.1-6.8) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Hazardous alcohol use | ||||||
Yes | 21.4 (16.4-26.3) | 1.5 (1.1-2.1)* | 1.7 (1.2-2.5)** | |||
No | 15.3 (13.2-17.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Fair or poor general health | ||||||
Yes | 35.5 (29.6-41.4) | 4.1 (3.0-5.7)*** | 3.7 (2.6-5.2)*** | |||
No | 11.7 (9.9-13.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
Long standing illness | ||||||
Yes | 21.6 (18.3-24.9) | 2.0 (1.5-2.7)*** | 2.2 (1.6-3.1)*** | |||
No | 11.9 (9.9-14.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 |