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Erschienen in: HNO 11/2005

01.11.2005 | Leitthema

Malignes Melanom

Diagnostik und Therapie

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. E. S. Schultz, G. Schuler

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 11/2005

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Zusammenfassung

Jährlich erkranken in Deutschland etwa 6100 Frauen und 5300 Männer an einem malignen Melanom der Haut. Während in frühen Erkrankungsstadien gute Heilungschancen bestehen, beträgt das mittlere Überleben bei erfolgter Fernmetastasierung nur 6–9 Monate. Umso wichtiger erscheint daher die Früherkennung, zumal die Haut naturgemäß ein gut zugängliches Organ darstellt. Durch die Einführung der Auflichtmikroskopie konnte die diagnostische Treffsicherheit deutlich gesteigert werden, im Zweifelsfall empfiehlt sich immer die komplette Exzision des verdächtigen Pigmentmales. Als Risikofaktoren gelten heller Hauttyp, Vorhandensein zahlreicher Nävi, genetische Disposition (familiäre Häufung) und erhöhte UV-Belastung. Bei Hochrisikopatienten wird in der Regel eine adjuvante Immuntherapie mit Interferon-α empfohlen. In fortgeschrittenen Stadien der Metastasierung hat sich ein multidisziplinärer Ansatz bestehend aus Chirurgie, Radiotherapie, Chemo- und Immuntherapie bewährt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Malignes Melanom
Diagnostik und Therapie
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. E. S. Schultz
G. Schuler
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2005
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 11/2005
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-005-1326-y

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