Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Der Nervenarzt
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 6/2016

29.02.2016 | Multiple Sklerose | Aktuelles aus Diagnostik und Therapie

Monitoring von Blutparametern unter verlaufsmodifizierender MS-Therapie

Substanzspezifische Relevanz und aktuelle Handlungsempfehlungen

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 6/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Mit der Zulassung verschiedener Substanzen zur Immuntherapie der multiplen Sklerose (MS) haben sich die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten in den letzten Jahren deutlich verbessert. Allerdings ist die Auswahl des individuell geeigneten Präparats sowie die Therapieüberwachung für den behandelnden Arzt zunehmend komplexer geworden. Dies gilt insbesondere für das Monitoring hinsichtlich einer therapiebedingten Kompromittierung des Immunsystems. Der folgende Artikel von Mitgliedern des Kompetenznetzes Multiple Sklerose (KKNMS) und der Task Force „Versorgungsstrukturen und Therapeutika“ fasst die praktischen Empfehlungen für die zugelassenen Immuntherapeutika für milde/moderate sowie (hoch)aktive Verläufe der multiplen Sklerose zusammen. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Erläuterung der substanzspezifischen Relevanz bestimmter Laborparameter im Hinblick auf Wirkmechanismus und Nebenwirkungsprofil. Um in der klinischen Praxis die richtigen Konsequenzen ziehen zu können, sollen zu erwartende Blutbildveränderungen, aber auch unerwünschte Laborveränderungen und deren Ursache und Relevanz, erläutert werden.
Literatur
1.
PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon beta-1a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study Group (1998) Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of interferon beta-1a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. Lancet 352(9139):1498–1504CrossRef
2.
Arvin AM, Wolinsky JS, Kappos L, Morris MI, Reder AT, Tornatore C, Gershon A, Gershon M, Levin MJ, Bezuidenhoudt M, Putzki N (2015) Varicella-zoster virus infections in patients treated with fingolimod: risk assessment and consensus recommendations for management. JAMA 72(1):31–39
3.
Bar-Or A, Wiendl H, Miller B, Benamor M, Truffinet P, Church M, Menguy-Vacheron F (2015) Randomized study of teriflunomide effects on immune responses to neoantigen and recall antigens. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2(2):70CrossRef
4.
Bartsch T, Rempe T, Wrede A, Leypoldt F, Brück W, Adams O, Rohr A, Jansen O, Wüthrisch C, Deuschl G, Koralnik IJ (2015) Progressive neurologic dysfunction in a psoriasis patient treated with dimethyl fumarate. Ann Neurol 78(4):501–514CrossRefPubMed
5.
Bloomgren G, Richman S, Hotermans C, Subramanyam M, Goelz S, Natarajan A, Lee S, Plavina T, Scanlon JV, Sandrock A, Bozic C (2012) Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med 366(20):1870–1880CrossRefPubMed
6.
Bomprezzi R (2015) Dimethyl fumarate in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: an overview. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 8(1):20–30CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
Bonig H, Wundes A, Chang KH, Lucas S, Papayannopoulou T (2008) Increased numbers of circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells are chronically maintained in patients treated with the CD49d blocking antibody natalizumab. Blood 111(7):3439–3441CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Brinkmann V (2009) FTY720 (fingolimod) in multiple sclerosis: therapeutic effects in the immune and the central nervous system. Br J Pharmacol 158(5):1173–1182CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Brinkmann V, Billich A, Baumruker T, Heining P, Schmouder R, Francis G, Aradhye S, Burtin P (2010) Fingolimod (FTY720): discovery and development of an oral drug to treat multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 9(11):883–897CrossRefPubMed
10.
Brinkmann V, Pinschewer D, Chiba K, Feng L (2000) FTY720: a novel transplantation drug that modulates lymphocyte traffic rather than activation. Trends Pharmacol Sci 21(2):49–52CrossRefPubMed
11.
Calabresi PA, Kieseier BC, Arnold DL, Balcer LJ, Boyko A, Pelletier J, Liu S, Zhu Y, Seddighzadeh A, Hung S, Deykin A, Investigators AS (2014) Pegylated interferon beta-1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (ADVANCE): a randomised, phase 3, double-blind study. Lancet Neurol 13(7):657–665CrossRefPubMed
12.
Casetta I, Iuliano G, Filippini G (2009) Azathioprine for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 80(2):131–132CrossRefPubMed
13.
14.
15.
Cohen JA, Coles AJ, Arnold DL, Confavreux C, Fox EJ, Hartung HP, Havrdova E, Selmaj KW, Weiner HL, Fisher E, Brinar VV, Giovannoni G, Stojanovic M, Ertik BI, Lake SL, Margolin DH, Panzara MA, Compston DA (2012) Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 380(9856):1819–1828CrossRefPubMed
16.
Coles AJ, Twyman CL, Arnold DL, Cohen JA, Confavreux C, Fox EJ, Hartung HP, Havrdova E, Selmaj KW, Weiner HL, Miller T, Fisher E, Sandbrink R, Lake SL, Margolin DH, Oyuela P, Panzara MA, Compston DA; CARE-MS II investigators (2012) Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 380(9856):1829–1839CrossRefPubMed
17.
Confavreux C, Saddier P, Grimaud J, Moreau T, Adeleine P, Aimard G (1996) Risk of cancer from azathioprine therapy in multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. Neurology 46(6):1607–1612CrossRefPubMed
18.
Cossburn M, Pace AA, Jones J, Ali R, Ingram G, Baker K, Hirst C, Zajicek J, Scolding N, Boggild M, Pickersgill T, Ben-Shlomo Y, Coles A, Robertson NP (2011) Autoimmune disease after alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis in a multicenter cohort. Neurology 77(6):573–579CrossRefPubMed
19.
Cutter GR, Stüve O (2014) Does risk stratification decrease the risk of natalizumab-associated PML? Where is the evidence? Mult Scler 20(10):1304–1305CrossRefPubMed
20.
Delgado-Alvarado M, Sedano MJ, Gonzalez-Quintanilla V, de Lucas EM, Polo JM, Berciano J (2013) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. J Neurol Sci 327(1–2):75–79CrossRefPubMed
21.
Dhib-Jalbut S, Marks S (2010) Interferon-beta mechanisms of action in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 74(Suppl 1):17–24CrossRef
22.
di Nuzzo L, Orlando R, Nasca C, Nicoletti F (2014) Molecular pharmacodynamics of new oral drugs used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 8:555–568PubMedPubMedCentral
23.
Dörr J, Bitsch A, Schmailzl KJ, Chan A, von Ahsen N, Hummel M, Varon R, Lill CM, Vogel HP, Zipp PF (2009) Severe cardiac failure in a patient with multiple sclerosis following low-dose mitoxantrone treatment. Neurology 73(12):991–993CrossRefPubMed
24.
Duda PW, Krieger JI, Schmied MC, Balentine C, Hafler DA (2000) Human and murine CD4 T cell reactivity to a complex antigen: recognition of the synthetic random polypeptide glatiramer acetate. J Immunol 165(12):7300–7307CrossRefPubMed
25.
Duda PW, Schmied MC, Cook SL, Krieger JI, Hafler DA (2000) Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) induces degenerate, Th2-polarized immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 105(7):967–976CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Ermis U, Weis J, Schulz JB (2013) PML in a patient treated with fumaric acid. N Engl J Med 368(17):1657–1658CrossRefPubMed
27.
Farina C, Weber MS, Meinl E, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R (2005) Glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis: update on potential mechanisms of action. Lancet Neurol 4(9):567–575CrossRefPubMed
28.
Fox RJ, Kita M, Cohan SL, Henson LJ, Zambrano J, Scannevin RH, O’Gorman J, Novas M, Dawson KT, Phillips JT (2014) BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate): a review of mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety. Curr Med Res Opin 30(2):251–262CrossRefPubMed
29.
Frisullo G, Calabrese M, Tortorella C, Paolicelli D, Ragonese P, Annovazzi P, Radaelli M, Malucchi S, Gallo A, Tomassini V, Nociti V, D’Onghia M, Lo Re V, Rodegher M, Solaro C, Gasperini C (2014) Thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients during long-term treatment with interferon beta or glatiramer acetate: an Italian multicenter study. Mult Scler 20(9):1265–1268CrossRefPubMed
30.
Ghalie RG, Edan G, Laurent M, Mauch E, Eisenman S, Hartung HP, Gonsette RE, Butine MD, Goodkin DE (2002) Cardiac adverse effects associated with mitoxantrone (Novantrone) therapy in patients with MS. Neurology 59(6):909–913CrossRefPubMed
31.
Ghalie RG, Mauch E, Edan G, Hartung HP, Gonsette RE, Eisenmann S, Le Page E, Butine MD, De Goodkin DE (2002) A study of therapy-related acute leukaemia after mitoxantrone therapy for multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 8(5):441–445CrossRefPubMed
32.
Gold R, Giovannoni G, Phillips JT, Fox RJ, Zhang A, Meltzer L, Kurukulasuriya NC (2015) Efficacy and safety of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in patients newly diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Mult Scler 21(1):57–66CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Goodin DS (2013) The use of interferon Beta and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol 33(1):13–25CrossRefPubMed
34.
Gran B, Tranquill LR, Chen M, Bielekova B, Zhou W, Dhib-Jalbut S, Martin R (2000) Mechanisms of immunomodulation by glatiramer acetate. Neurology 55(11):1704–1714CrossRefPubMed
35.
Gross CM, Baumgartner A, Rauer S, Stich O (2012) Multiple sclerosis rebound following herpes zoster infection and suspension of fingolimod. Neurology 79(19):2006–2007CrossRefPubMed
36.
Gross CC, Schulte-Mecklenbeck A, Klinsing S, Posevitz-Fejfár A, Wiendl H, Klotz L (2015) Dimethyl fumarate treatment alters circulating T helper cell subsets in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 10;3(1):e183
37.
Groves A, Kihara Y, Chun J (2013) Fingolimod: direct CNS effects of sphingosine 1‑phosphate (S1P) receptor modulation and implications in multiple sclerosis therapy. J Neurol Sci 328(1–2):9–18CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Grutzke B, Hucke S, Gross CC, Herold MV, Posevitz-Fejfar A, Wildemann BT, Kieseier BC, Dehmel T, Wiendl H, Klotz L (2015) Fingolimod treatment promotes regulatory phenotype and function of B cells. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2(2):119–130CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Hartung HP, Gonsette R, Konig N, Kwiecinski H, Guseo A, Morrissey SP, Krapf H, Zwingers T, Mitoxantrone in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (2002) Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet 360(9350):2018–2025CrossRefPubMed
40.
He D, Xu Z, Dong S, Zhang H, Zhou H, Wang L, Zhang S (2012) Teriflunomide for multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12:CD009882PubMed
41.
Hunt D, Kavanagh D, Drummond I, Weller B, Bellamy C, Overell J, Evans S, Jackson A, Chandran S (2014) Thrombotic microangiopathy associated with interferon beta. N Engl J Med 370(13):1270–1271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
Hutchinson M, Fox RJ, Havrdova E, Kurukulasuriya NC, Sarda SP, Agarwal S, Siddiqui MK, Taneja A, Deniz B (2014) Efficacy and safety of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) and other disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and mixed treatment comparison. Curr Med Res Opin 30(4):613–627CrossRefPubMed
43.
Ishii E, Ohga S, Imashuku S, Yasukawa M, Tsuda H, Miura I, Yamamoto K, Horiuchi H, Takada K, Ohshima K, Nakamura S, Kinukawa N, Oshimi K, Kawa K (2007) Nationwide survey of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Japan. Int J Hematol 86(1):58–65CrossRefPubMed
44.
Isidoro L, Pires P, Rito L, Cordeiro G (2014) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with alemtuzumab. BMJ Case Rep. doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-201781PubMedPubMedCentral
45.
Janka GE (2007) Familial and acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Eur J Pediatr 166(2):95–109CrossRefPubMed
46.
Jones JL, Coles AJ (2009) Spotlight on alemtuzumab. Int MS J 16(3):77–81PubMed
47.
Jones JL, Phuah CL, Cox AL, Thompson SA, Ban M, Shawcross J, Walton A, Sawcer SJ, Compston A, Coles AJ (2009) IL-21 drives secondary autoimmunity in patients with multiple sclerosis, following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion with alemtuzumab (Campath-1H). J Clin Invest 119(7):2052–2061PubMedPubMedCentral
48.
Kappos L, Antel J, Comi G, Montalban X, O’Connor P, Polman CH, Haas T, Korn AA, Karlsson G, Radue EW (2006) Oral fingolimod (FTY720) for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 355(11):1124–1140CrossRefPubMed
49.
Kappos L, Cohen J, Collins W, de Vera A, Zhang-Auberson L, Ritter S, von Rosenstiel P, Francis G (2014) Fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis: An integrated analysis of safety findings. Mult Scler Relat Disord 3(4):494–504CrossRefPubMed
50.
Kappos L, Polman CH, Freedman MS, Edan G, Hartung HP, Miller DH, Montalban X, Barkhof F, Bauer L, Jakobs P, Pohl C, Sandbrink R (2006) Treatment with interferon beta-1b delays conversion to clinically definite and McDonald MS in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Neurology 67(7):1242–1249CrossRefPubMed
51.
52.
Kim HJ, Ifergan I, Antel JP, Seguin R, Duddy M, Lapierre Y, Jalili F, Bar-Or A (2004) Type 2 Monocyte and Microglia Differentiation Mediated by Glatiramer Acetate Therapy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. J Immunol 172(11):7144–7153CrossRefPubMed
53.
Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Tyler KL (2005) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 353(4):369–374CrossRefPubMed
54.
Klotz L, Meuth SG, Wiendl H (2012) Immune mechanisms of new therapeutic strategies in multiple sclerosis-A focus on alemtuzumab. Clin Immunol 142(1):25–30CrossRefPubMed
55.
La Mantia L, Di Pietrantonj C, Rovaris M, Rigon G, Frau S, Berardo F, Gandini A, Longobardi A, Weinstock-Guttman B, Vaona A (2014) Interferons-beta versus glatiramer acetate for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7:CD009333PubMed
56.
La Mantia L, Mascoli N, Milanese C (2007) Azathioprine. Safety profile in multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 28(6):299–303CrossRefPubMed
57.
Langer-Gould A, Atlas SW, Green AJ, Bollen AW, Pelletier D (2005) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab. N Engl J Med 353(4):375–381CrossRefPubMed
58.
Longbrake EE, Cross AH (2015) Dimethyl fumarate associated lymphopenia in clinical practice. Mult Scler 21(6):796–797CrossRefPubMed
59.
Mehling M, Brinkmann V, Antel J, Bar-Or A, Goebels N, Vedrine C, Kristofic C, Kuhle J, Lindberg RL, Kappos L (2008) FTY720 therapy exerts differential effects on T cell subsets in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 71(16):1261–1267CrossRefPubMed
60.
Mehling M, Hilbert P, Fritz S, Durovic B, Eichin D, Gasser O, Kuhle J, Klimkait T, Lindberg RL, Kappos L, Hess C (2011) Antigen-specific adaptive immune responses in fingolimod-treated multiple sclerosis patients. Ann Neurol 69(2):408–413CrossRefPubMed
61.
Nieukamp DJ, Murk JL, van Oosten BW, Cremers CH, Killestein J, Viveen MC, Van Hecke W, Frijlink DW, Wattjes MP, PML in Dutch MS Patients Consortium (2015) PML in a patient without severe lymphocytopenia receiving dimethyl fumarate. N Engl J Med 372(15):1474–1476CrossRef
62.
Nikfar S, Rahimi R, Abdollahi M (2010) A meta-analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis, overall and by drug and disease type. Clin Ther 32(11):1871–1888CrossRefPubMed
63.
O’Connor P, Goodman A, Kappos L, Lublin F, Polman C, Rudick RA, Hauswirth K, Cristiano LM, Forrestal F, Duda P (2014) Long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab redosing and treatment in the STRATA MS Study. Neurology 83(1):78–86CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
64.
O’Connor P, Wolinsky JS, Confavreux C, Comi G, Kappos L, Olsson TP, Benzerdjeb H, Truffinet P, Wang L, Miller A, Freedman MS (2011) Randomized trial of oral teriflunomide for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 365(14):1293–1303CrossRefPubMed
65.
Papadopoulou A, Kappos L, Sprenger T (2015) Safety of teriflunomide for the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf 14(5):749–759CrossRefPubMed
66.
Paul F, Dörr J, Würfel J, Vogel HP, Zipp F (2007) Early mitoxantrone-induced cardiotoxicity in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 78(2):198–200CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
67.
Plavina T, Subramanyam M, Bloomgren G, Richman S, Pace A, Lee S, Schlain B, Campagnolo D, Belachew S, Ticho B (2014) Anti-JC virus antibody levels in serum or plasma further define risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 76(6):802–812CrossRefPubMed
68.
Pul R, Morbiducci F, Škuljec J, Skripuletz T, Singh V, Diederichs U, Garde N, Voss EV, Trebst C, Stangel M (2012) Glatiramer acetate increases phagocytic activity of human monocytes in vitro and in multiple sclerosis patients. PLoS One 7(12):e51867CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
69.
Ratchford JN, Costello K, Reich DS, Calabresi PA (2012) Varicella-zoster virus encephalitis and vasculopathy in a patient treated with fingolimod. Neurology 79(19):2002–2004CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
70.
Rau D, Lang M, Harth A, Naumann M, Weber F, Tumani H, Bayas A (2015) Listeria Meningitis Complicating Alemtuzumab Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis -- Report of Two Cases. Int J Mol Sci 16(7):14669–14676CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
71.
Reder AT, Ebers GC, Traboulsee A, Li D, Langdon D, Goodin DS, Bogumil T, Beckmann K, Konieczny A, Investigators of the 16-Year Long-Term Follow-Up (2010) Cross-sectional study assessing long-term safety of interferon-beta-1b for relapsing-remitting MS. Neurology 74(23):1877–1885CrossRefPubMed
72.
Ricklin ME, Lorscheider J, Waschbisch A, Paroz C, Mehta SK, Pierson DL, Kuhle J, Fischer-Barnicol B, Sprenger T, Lindberg RL, Kappos L, Derfuss T (2013) T‑cell response against varicella-zoster virus in fingolimod-treated MS patients. Neurology 81(2):174–181CrossRefPubMed
73.
Rudick R, Polman C, Clifford D, Miller D, Steinman L (2013) Natalizumab: bench to bedside and beyond. JAMA Neurol 70(2):172–182CrossRefPubMed
74.
Sallusto F, Lanzavecchia A (2000) Understanding dendritic cell and T‑lymphocyte traffic through the analysis of chemokine receptor expression. Immunol Rev 177:134–140CrossRefPubMed
75.
Schwab N, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Posevitz V, Breuer J, Gobel K, Windhagen S, Brochet B, Vermersch P, Lebrun-Frenay C, Posevitz-Fejfar A, Capra R, Imberti L, Straeten V, Haas J, Wildemann B, Havla J, Kumpfel T, Meinl I, Niessen K, Goelz S, Kleinschnitz C, Warnke C, Buck D, Gold R, Kieseier BC, Meuth SG, Foley J, Chan A, Brassat D, Wiendl H (2013) L‑selectin is a possible biomarker for individual PML risk in natalizumab-treated MS patients. Neurology 81(10):865–871CrossRefPubMed
76.
Schwab N, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Pignolet B, Spadaro M, Görlich D, Meinl I, Windhagen S, Tackenberg B, Breuer J, Cantó E, Kümpfel T, Hohlfeld R, Siffrin V, Luessi F, Posevitz-Fejfár A, Montalban X, Meuth SG, Zipp F, Gold R, Du Pasquier RA, Kleinschnitz C, Jacobi A, Comabella M, Bertolotto A, Brassat D, Wiendl H (2015) PML risk stratification using anti-JCV antibody index and L-selectin. Mult Scler pii:1352458515607651
77.
Spencer CM, Crabtree-Hartman EC, Lehmann-Horn K, Zamvil SS (2015) Reduction of CD8(+) T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis patients treated with dimethyl fumarate. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2(3):e76CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
78.
Stuve O, Marra CM, Bar-Or A, Niino M, Cravens PD, Cepok S, Frohman EM, Phillips JT, Arendt G, Jerome KR, Cook L, Grand’Maison F, Hemmer B, Monson NL, Racke MK (2006) Altered CD4+/CD8+ T‑cell ratios in cerebrospinal fluid of natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 63(10):1383–1387CrossRefPubMed
79.
Sweetser MT, Dawson KT, Bozic C (2013) Case reports of PML in patients treated for psoriasis. N Engl J Med 369(11):1082PubMed
80.
Tremlett HL, Yoshida EM, Oger J (2004) Liver injury associated with the β-interferons for MS. Neurology 62(4):628–631CrossRefPubMed
81.
Treumer F, Zhu K, Glaser R, Mrowietz U (2003) Dimethylfumarate is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human T cells. J Invest Dermatol 121(6):1383–1388CrossRefPubMed
82.
van Oosten BW, Killestein J, Barkhof F, Polman CH, Wattjes MP (2013) PML in a patient treated with dimethyl fumarate from a compounding pharmacy. N Engl J Med 368(17):1658–1659CrossRefPubMed
83.
van Oosten BW, Killestein J, Wattjes MP (2013) Case reports of PML in patients treated for psoriasis. N Engl J Med 369(11):1081–1082PubMed
84.
Viglietta V, Miller D, Bar-Or A, Phillips JT, Arnold DL, Selmaj K, Kita M, Hutchinson M, Yang M, Zhang R, Dawson KT, Sheikh SI, Fox RJ, Gold R (2015) Efficacy of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: integrated analysis of the phase 3 trials. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2(2):103–118CrossRefPubMed
85.
Villar LM, Costa-Frossard L, Masterman T, Fernandez O, Montalban X, Casanova B, Izquierdo G, Coret F, Tumani H, Saiz A, Arroyo R, Fink K, Leyva L, Espejo C, Simó-Castelló M, García-Sánchez MI, Lauda F, Llufriú S, Álvarez-Lafuente R, Olascoaga J, Prada A, Oterino A, de Andrés C, Tintoré M, Ramió-Torrentà L, Rodríguez-Martín E, Picón C, Comabella M, Quintana E, Agüera E, Díaz S, Fernandez-Bolaños R, García-Merino JA, Landete L, Menéndez-González M, Navarro L, Pérez D, Sánchez-López F, Serrano-Castro PJ, Tuñón A, Espiño M, Muriel A, Bar-Or A, Álvarez-Cermeño JC (2015) Lipid-specific immunoglobulin M bands in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with a reduced risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy during treatment with natalizumab. Ann Neurol 77(3):447–457CrossRefPubMed
86.
Vollmer T, Stewart T, Baxter N (2010) Mitoxantrone and cytotoxic drugs’ mechanisms of action. Neurology 74(Suppl 1):S41–S46CrossRefPubMed
87.
Vosoughi R, Marriott JJ (2014) Thrombotic microangiopathy in Interferon Beta treated multiple sclerosis patients: Review of literature and report of two new cases. Mult Scler Relat Disord 3(3):321–325CrossRefPubMed
88.
Warnke C, Stuve O, Kieseier BC (2013) Teriflunomide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 115(Suppl 1):90–94CrossRef
89.
Warnke C, von Geldern G, Markwerth P, Dehmel T, Hoepner R, Gold R, Pawlita M, Kümpfel T, Mäurer M, Stangel M, Wegner F, Hohlfeld R, Straeten V, Limmroth V, Weber T, Hermsen D, Kleinschnitz C, Hartung HP, Wattjes MP, Svenningson A, Major E, Olsson T, Kieseier BC, Adams O (2014) Cerebrospinal fluid JC virus antibody index for diagnosis of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 76(6):792–801CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
90.
Wiendl H, Kieseier B (2013) Multiple sclerosis: Reprogramming the immune repertoire with alemtuzumab in MS. Nat Rev Neurol 9(3):125–126CrossRefPubMed
91.
Wiendl H, Toyka KV, Rieckmann P, Gold R, Hartung HP, Hohlfeld R (2008) Basic and escalating immunomodulatory treatments in multiple sclerosis: current therapeutic recommendations. J Neurol 255(10):1449–1463CrossRefPubMed
92.
Yong VW (2002) Differential mechanisms of action of interferon-beta and glatiramer aetate in MS. Neurology 59(6):802–808CrossRefPubMed
93.
Zhang X, Tao Y, Chopra M, Ahn M, Marcus KL, Choudhary N, Zhu H, Markovic-Plese S (2013) Differential reconstitution of T cell subsets following immunodepleting treatment with alemtuzumab (anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Immunol 191(12):5867–5874CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Monitoring von Blutparametern unter verlaufsmodifizierender MS-Therapie
Substanzspezifische Relevanz und aktuelle Handlungsempfehlungen
Publikationsdatum
29.02.2016
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 6/2016
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-016-0077-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2016

Der Nervenarzt 6/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Mitteilungen der DSG

Mitteilungen der DSG 6/2016

Leitthema

Geriatrie – eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung

Leitthema

Spezialisierte neurologische neurochirurgische Intensivmedizin

Mitteilungen der DGPPN

Mitteilungen der DGPPN 6/2016

Leserbriefe

AD-Risikodiagnostik baut Ängste vor Alzheimer ab

Einführung zum Thema

Umkämpfte Gebiete der Neurologie

Passend zum Thema

ANZEIGE
Service mit Mehrwert

Services in der MS-Therapie für Neurolog*innen und Betroffene

Diagnose und Therapie der MS können für Patient*innen und Neurolog*innen mit Herausforderungen einhergehen [1,2]. Mit umfangreichen Servicemaßnahmen klärt Biogen Ärztinnen und Ärzte über mögliche Therapieoptionen auf und unterstützt diese bei der Fortbildung sowie Betroffene im Alltag.

Bildnachweise