nach oben

wissen kompakt

Erschienen in:

18.08.2020 | Parodontale Erhaltungstherapie | Fachbeitrag

Die antimikrobielle photodynamische Therapie (aPDT) in der Behandlung von parodontalen und periimplantären Infektionen

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. dent. Dr. h.c. (mult.) A. Sculean, M.S.

Erschienen in: wissen kompakt | Ausgabe 3/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Artikel ist es, eine Übersicht zur aktuellen Evidenz der biologischen Hintergründe und klinischen Indikationen sowie zu den zu erwartenden Ergebnissen nach der Anwendung der antimikrobiellen photodynamischen Therapie (aPDT) in der Behandlung von parodontalen und periimplantären Infektionen zu geben und Schlussfolgerungen für die klinischen Anwendungen zu ziehen. Basierend auf der vorhandenen Evidenz aus randomisierten klinischen Studien und der klinischer Erfahrung ist die primäre Indikation der aPDT die Behandlung von Resttaschen bei Parodontitispatienten während der Erhaltungsphase (d. h. im Rahmen der unterstützenden Parodontitistherapie). Dabei sollte die aPDT immer in Kombination mit einer mechanischen Entfernung des Biofilms verwendet werden.

Meyle J, Chapple I (2015) Molecular aspects of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 69:7–17PubMed

Page RC, Kornman KS (1997) The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: an introduction. Periodontol 2000 14:9–11PubMed

Berezow AB, Darveau RP (2011) Microbial shift and periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 55:36–47PubMedPubMedCentral

Marsh PD, Moter A, Devine DA (2011) Dental plaque biofilms: communities, conflict and control. Periodontol 2000 55:16–35PubMed

Cobb CM (1996) Non-surgical pocket therapy: mechanical. Ann Periodontol 1:443–490PubMed

Lindhe J, Westfelt E, Nyman S, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD (1984) Long-term effect of surgical/non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 11:448–458PubMed

Badersten A, Nilveus R, Egelberg J (1981) Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. I. Moderately advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 8:57–72PubMed

Badersten A, Nilveus R, Egelberg J (1984) Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. II. Severely advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 11:63–76PubMed

Ramfjord SP, Caffesse RG, Morrison EC, Hill RW, Kerry GJ, Appleberry EA et al (1987) 4 modalities of periodontal treatment compared over 5 years. J Clin Periodontol 14:445–452PubMed

10.

Umeda M, Takeuchi Y, Noguchi K, Huang Y, Koshy G, Ishikawa I (2004) Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the microbiota. Periodontology 36:98–120

11.

Ardila CM, Lopez MA, Guzman IC (2010) High resistance against clindamycin, metronidazole and amoxicillin in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolates of periodontal disease. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 15:e947–e951PubMed

12.

Flemmig TF, Beikler T (2011) Control of oral biofilms. Periodontol 2000 55:9–15PubMed

13.

How KY, Song KP, Chan KG (2016) Porphyromonas gingivalis: an overview of periodontopathic pathogen below the gum line. Front Microbiol 7:53PubMedPubMedCentral

14.

van Winkelhoff AJ, Winkel EG (2009) Antibiotics in periodontics: right or wrong? J Periodontol 80:1555–1558PubMed

15.

Dobson J, Wilson M (1992) Sensitization of oral bacteria in biofilms to killing by light from a low-power laser. Arch Oral Biol 37:883–887PubMed

16.

Pfitzner A, Sigusch BW, Albrecht V, Glockmann E (2004) Killing of periodontopathogenic bacteria by photodynamic therapy. J Periodontol 75:1343–1349PubMed

17.

Wilson M, Dobson J, Harvey W (1992) Sensitization of oral bacteria to killing by low-power laser radiation. Curr Microbiol 25:77–81PubMed

18.

Von Tappeiner HJA (1904) On the effect of photodynamic (fluorescent) substances on protozoa and enzymes (in German). Arch Klin Med 39:427–487

19.

Dilsiz A, Canakci V, Aydin T (2013) Clinical effects of potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser and photodynamic therapy on outcomes of treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 84:278–286PubMed

20.

Kumar V, Sinha J, Verma N, Nayan K, Saimbi CS, Tripathi AK (2015) Scope of photodynamic therapy in periodontics. Indian J Dent Res 26:439–442PubMed

21.

Lui J, Corbet EF, Jin L (2011) Combined photodynamic and low-level laser therapies as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 46:89–96PubMed

22.

Ochsner M (1997) Photophysical and photobiological processes in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. J Photochem Photobiol B, Biol 39:1–18

23.

Moan J, Berg K (1991) The photodegradation of porphyrins in cells can be used to estimate the lifetime of singlet oxygen. Photochem Photobiol 53:549–553PubMed

24.

Dougherty TJ, Gomer CJ, Henderson BW, Jori G, Kessel D, Korbelik M et al (1998) Photodynamic therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 90:889–905PubMed

25.

Chan Y, Lai CH (2003) Bactericidal effects of different laser wavelengths on periodontopathic germs in photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci 18:51–55PubMed

26.

Kikuchi T, Mogi M, Okabe I, Okada K, Goto H, Sasaki Y et al (2015) Adjunctive application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in nonsurgical periodontal treatment: a review of literature. Int J Mol Sci 16:24111–24126PubMedPubMedCentral

27.

Nagahara A, Mitani A, Fukuda M, Yamamoto H, Tahara K, Morita I et al (2013) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using a diode laser with a potential new photosensitizer, indocyanine green-loaded nanospheres, may be effective for the clearance of Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Periodontal Res 48:591–599PubMed

28.

Hamblin MR, Hasan T (2004) Photodynamic therapy: a new antimicrobial approach to infectious disease? Photochem Photobiol Sci 3:436–450PubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Konopka K, Goslinski T (2007) Photodynamic therapy in dentistry. J Dent Res 86:694–707PubMed

30.

Nitzan Y, Gutterman M, Malik Z, Ehrenberg B (1992) Inactivation of gram-negative bacteria by photosensitized porphyrins. Photochem Photobiol 55:89–96PubMed

31.

Wilson M, Burns T, Pratten J, Pearson GJ (1995) Bacteria in supragingival plaque samples can be killed by low-power laser light in the presence of a photosensitizer. J Appl Bacteriol 78:569–574PubMed

32.

Haas R, Dortbudak O, Mensdorff-Pouilly N, Mailath G (1997) Elimination of bacteria on different implant surfaces through photosensitization and soft laser. An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 8:249–254PubMed

33.

Sigusch BW, Pfitzner A, Albrecht V, Glockmann E (2005) Efficacy of photodynamic therapy on inflammatory signs and two selected periodontopathogenic species in a beagle dog model. J Periodontol 76:1100–1105PubMed

34.

Akram Z, Al-Shareef SA, Daood U, Asiri FY, Shah AH, AlQahtani MA et al (2016) Bactericidal efficacy of photodynamic therapy against periodontal pathogens in periodontal disease: a systematic review. Photomed Laser Surg 34:137–149PubMed

35.

Moreira AL, Novaes AB Jr., Grisi MF, Taba M Jr., Souza SL, Palioto DB et al (2015) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol 86:376–386PubMed

36.

Novaes AB Jr., Schwartz-Filho HO, de Oliveira RR, Feres M, Sato S, Figueiredo LC (2012) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the non-surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis: microbiological profile. Lasers Med Sci 27:389–395PubMed

37.

Petelin M, Perkic K, Seme K, Gaspirc B (2015) Effect of repeated adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on subgingival periodontal pathogens in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Lasers Med Sci 30:1647–1656PubMed

38.

Theodoro LH, Silva SP, Pires JR, Soares GH, Pontes AE, Zuza EP et al (2012) Clinical and microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy associated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment. A 6‑month follow-up. Lasers Med Sci 27:687–693PubMed

39.

Romanos GE, Brink B (2010) Photodynamic therapy in periodontal therapy: microbiological observations from a private practice. Gen Dent 58:e68–e73PubMed

40.

Al-Zahrani MS, Austah ON (2011) Photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing in treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers. Saudi Med J 32:1183–1188PubMed

41.

Alwaeli HA, Al-Khateeb SN, Al-Sadi A (2015) Long-term clinical effect of adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 30:801–807PubMed

42.

Andersen R, Loebel N, Hammond D, Wilson M (2007) Treatment of periodontal disease by photodisinfection compared to scaling and root planing. J Clin Dent 18:34–38PubMed

43.

Berakdar M, Callaway A, Eddin MF, Ross A, Willershausen B (2012) Comparison between scaling-root-planing (SRP) and SRP/photodynamic therapy: six-month study. Head Face Med 8:12PubMedPubMedCentral

44.

Betsy J, Prasanth CS, Baiju KV, Prasanthila J, Subhash N (2014) Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the management of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 41:573–581PubMed

45.

Braun A, Dehn C, Krause F, Jepsen S (2008) Short-term clinical effects of adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal treatment: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 35:877–884PubMed

46.

Sigusch BW, Engelbrecht M, Volpel A, Holletschke A, Pfister W, Schutze J (2010) Full-mouth antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 81:975–981PubMed

47.

Grzech-Lesniak K, Gaspirc B, Sculean A (2019) Clinical and microbiological effects of multiple applications of antibacterial photodynamic therapy in periodontal maintenance patients. A randomized controlled clinical study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 27:44–50PubMed

48.

Martins SHL, Novaes AB Jr., Taba M Jr., Palioto DB, Messora MR, Reino DM et al (2017) Effect of surgical periodontal treatment associated to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 44:717–728PubMed

49.

Niazi FH, Noushad M, Tanvir SB, Ali S, Al-Khalifa KS, Qamar Z et al (2020) Antimicrobial efficacy of indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy compared with Salvadora persica gel application in the treatment of moderate and deep pockets in periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 29:101665PubMed

50.

Queiroz AC, Suaid FA, de Andrade PF, Oliveira FS, Novaes AB Jr., Taba M Jr. et al (2015) Adjunctive effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to nonsurgical periodontal treatment in smokers: a randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 30:617–625PubMed

51.

Balata ML, Andrade LP, Santos DB, Cavalcanti AN, Tunes Uda R, Ribeiro Edel P et al (2013) Photodynamic therapy associated with full-mouth ultrasonic debridement in the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis: a randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Appl Oral Sci 21:208–214PubMedPubMedCentral

52.

Christodoulides N, Nikolidakis D, Chondros P, Becker J, Schwarz F, Rossler R et al (2008) Photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 79:1638–1644PubMed

53.

Ge L, Shu R, Li Y, Li C, Luo L, Song Z et al (2011) Adjunctive effect of photodynamic therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Photomed Laser Surg 29:33–37PubMed

54.

Luchesi VH, Pimentel SP, Kolbe MF, Ribeiro FV, Casarin RC, Nociti FH Jr. et al (2013) Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of class II furcation: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 40:781–788PubMed

55.

Mettraux G, Husler J (2011) Implementation of transgingival antibacterial photodynamic therapy (PDT) supplementary to scaling and root planing. A controlled clinical proof-of-principle study. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 121:53–67PubMed

56.

Polansky R, Haas M, Heschl A, Wimmer G (2009) Clinical effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 36:575–580PubMed

57.

Srikanth K, Chandra RV, Reddy AA, Reddy BH, Reddy C, Naveen A (2015) Effect of a single session of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using indocyanine green in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Quintessence Int 46:391–400PubMed

58.

Joshi K, Baiju CS, Khashu H, Bansal S (2020) Clinical effectiveness of indocyanine green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling root planing in treatment of chronic periodontitis—a randomized controlled clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 29:101591PubMed

59.

Katsikanis F, Strakas D, Vouros I (2020) The application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT, 670 nm) and diode laser (940 nm) as adjunctive approach in the conventional cause-related treatment of chronic periodontal disease: a randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 24:1821–1827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03045-1

60.

Queiroz AC, Suaid FA, de Andrade PF, Novaes AB Jr., Taba M Jr., Palioto DB et al (2014) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy associated to nonsurgical periodontal treatment in smokers: microbiological results. J Photochem Photobiol B, Biol 141:170–175

61.

Azaripour A, Dittrich S, Van Noorden CJF, Willershausen B (2018) Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as adjunct treatment of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 33:407–423PubMed

62.

Salvi GE, Stahli A, Schmidt JC, Ramseier CA, Sculean A, Walter C (2020) Adjunctive laser or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to non-surgical mechanical instrumentation in patients with untreated periodontitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 47:176–198

63.

Sculean A, Aoki A, Romanos G, Schwarz F, Miron RJ, Cosgarea R (2015) Is photodynamic therapy an effective treatment for periodontal and peri-implant infections? Dent Clin North Am 59:831–858PubMed

64.

Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS (2018) Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol 89(Suppl 1):S159–S72PubMed

65.

Chitsazi MT, Shirmohammadi A, Pourabbas R, Abolfazli N, Farhoudi I, Daghigh Azar B et al (2014) Clinical and microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy associated with non-surgical treatment in aggressive periodontitis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 8:153–159PubMedPubMedCentral

66.

Borekci T, Meseli SE, Noyan U, Kuru BE, Kuru L (2019) Efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Surg Med 51:167–175PubMed

67.

Chatzopoulos GS, Doufexi AE (2016) Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 21:e192–e200PubMed

68.

Souza E, Medeiros AC, Gurgel BC, Sarmento C (2016) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 31:187–196PubMed

69.

Theodoro LH, Assem NZ, Longo M, Alves MLF, Duque C, Stipp RN et al (2018) Treatment of periodontitis in smokers with multiple sessions of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or systemic antibiotics: a randomized clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 22:217–222PubMed

70.

Theodoro LH, Lopes AB, Nuernberg MAA, Claudio MM, Miessi DMJ, Alves MLF et al (2017) Comparison of repeated applications of aPDT with amoxicillin and metronidazole in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a short-term study. J Photochem Photobiol B 174:364–369PubMed

71.

Arweiler NB, Pietruska M, Skurska A, Dolinska E, Pietruski JK, Blas M et al (2013) Nonsurgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis with photodynamic therapy or systemic antibiotics. Three-month results of a randomized, prospective, controlled clinical study. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 123:532–544PubMed

72.

Arweiler NB, Pietruska M, Pietruski J, Skurska A, Dolinska E, Heumann C et al (2014) Six-month results following treatment of aggressive periodontitis with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or amoxicillin and metronidazole. Clin Oral Investig 18:2129–2135PubMed

73.

Anna S, Ewa D, Malgorzata P, Jan PK, Violetta D, Halina K et al (2015) Effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment in conjunction with either systemic administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole or additional photodynamic therapy on the concentration of matrix metalloproteinases 8 and 9 in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with aggressive periodontitis. BMC Oral Heal 15:63

74.

Akram Z, Hyder T, Al-Hamoudi N, Binshabaib MS, Alharthi SS, Hanif A (2017) Efficacy of photodynamic therapy versus antibiotics as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 19:86–92PubMed

75.

Hokari T, Morozumi T, Komatsu Y, Shimizu T, Yoshino T, Tanaka M et al (2018) Effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and local administration of minocycline on clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory markers of periodontal pockets: a pilot study. Int J Dent 2018:1748584PubMedPubMedCentral

76.

Chondros P, Nikolidakis D, Christodoulides N, Rossler R, Gutknecht N, Sculean A (2009) Photodynamic therapy as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients on periodontal maintenance: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 24:681–688PubMed

77.

Xue D, Zhao Y (2017) Clinical effectiveness of adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for residual pockets during supportive periodontal therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 17:127–133PubMed

78.

Franco TPM, Dos Santos APP, Canabarro A (2019) The effects of repeated applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of residual periodontal pockets: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 34:855–863PubMed

79.

Siva NTD, Silva DNA, Azevedo M, Silva Junior FLD, Almeida ML, Longo JPF et al (2020) The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as a complementary therapy to mechanical instrumentation on residual periodontal pocket clinical parameters: a clinical split-mouth test. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 29:101565PubMed

80.

Trombelli L, Farina R, Pollard A, Claydon N, Franceschetti G, Khan I et al (2020) Efficacy of alternative or additional methods to professional mechanical plaque removal during supportive periodontal therapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13269

81.

Cappuyns I, Cionca N, Wick P, Giannopoulou C, Mombelli A (2012) Treatment of residual pockets with photodynamic therapy, diode laser, or deep scaling. A randomized, split-mouth controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 27:979–986PubMed

82.

Muller Campanile VS, Giannopoulou C, Campanile G, Cancela JA, Mombelli A (2015) Single or repeated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as adjunct to ultrasonic debridement in residual periodontal pockets: clinical, microbiological, and local biological effects. Lasers Med Sci 30:27–34PubMed

83.

Ruhling A, Fanghanel J, Houshmand M, Kuhr A, Meisel P, Schwahn C et al (2010) Photodynamic therapy of persistent pockets in maintenance patients—a clinical study. Clin Oral Investig 14:637–644PubMed

84.

Giannopoulou C, Cappuyns I, Cancela J, Cionca N, Mombelli A (2012) Effect of photodynamic therapy, diode laser, and deep scaling on cytokine and acute-phase protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid of residual periodontal pockets. J Periodontol 83:1018–1027PubMed

85.

Wenzler JS, Böcher S, Frankenberger R, Braun A (2019) Feasibility of transgingival laser irradiation for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 28:75–79PubMed

86.

Schär D, Ramseier CA, Eick S, Mettraux G, Salvi GE, Sculean A Transgingival photodynamic therapy (tPDT) adjunctive to subgingival mechanical instrumentation in supportive periodontal therapy. A randomized controlled clinical study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther : ((submitted))

87.

Marotti J, Tortamano P, Cai S, Ribeiro MS, Franco JE, de Campos TT (2013) Decontamination of dental implant surfaces by means of photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci 28:303–309PubMed

88.

Dortbudak O, Haas R, Bernhart T, Mailath-Pokorny G (2001) Lethal photosensitization for decontamination of implant surfaces in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Clin Oral Implants Res 12:104–108PubMed

89.

Deppe H, Mucke T, Wagenpfeil S, Kesting M, Sculean A (2013) Nonsurgical antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in moderate vs severe peri-implant defects: a clinical pilot study. Quintessence Int 44:609–618PubMed

90.

Bassetti M, Schär D, Wicki B, Eick S, Ramseier CA, Arweiler NB et al (2014) Anti-infective therapy of peri-implantitis with adjunctive local drug delivery or photodynamic therapy: 12-month outcomes of a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 25:279–287PubMed

91.

Schär D, Ramseier CA, Eick S, Arweiler NB, Sculean A, Salvi GE (2013) Anti-infective therapy of peri-implantitis with adjunctive local drug delivery or photodynamic therapy: six-month outcomes of a prospective randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Impl Res 24:104–110

92.

Mizutani K, Aoki A, Coluzzi D, Yukna R, Wang CY, Pavlic V et al (2016) Lasers in minimally invasive periodontal and peri-implant therapy. Periodontol 2000 71:185–212PubMed

93.

Albaker AM, ArRejaie AS, Alrabiah M, Abduljabbar T (2018) Effect of photodynamic and laser therapy in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 21:147–152PubMed

94.

Bechara Andere NMR, Dos Santos NCC, Araujo CF, Mathias IF, Rossato A, de Marco AC et al (2018) Evaluation of the local effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with and without systemic antibiotic and photodynamic therapy in generalized aggressive periodontitis. A randomized clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 24:115–120PubMed

95.

de Oliveira RR, Schwartz-Filho HO, Novaes AB Jr., Taba M Jr. (2007) Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the non-surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a preliminary randomized controlled clinical study. J Periodontol 78:965–973PubMed

96.

Campos GN, Pimentel SP, Ribeiro FV, Casarin RC, Cirano FR, Saraceni CH et al (2013) The adjunctive effect of photodynamic therapy for residual pockets in single-rooted teeth: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 28:317–324PubMed

97.

Kolbe MF, Ribeiro FV, Luchesi VH, Casarin RC, Sallum EA, Nociti FH Jr. et al (2014) Photodynamic therapy during supportive periodontal care: clinical, microbiologic, immunoinflammatory, and patient-centered performance in a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 85:e277–e286PubMed

98.

Lulic M, Leiggener Gorog I, Salvi GE, Ramseier CA, Mattheos N, Lang NP (2009) One-year outcomes of repeated adjunctive photodynamic therapy during periodontal maintenance: a proof-of-principle randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 36:661–666PubMed

Titel: Die antimikrobielle photodynamische Therapie (aPDT) in der Behandlung von parodontalen und periimplantären Infektionen
verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. dent. Dr. h.c. (mult.) A. Sculean, M.S.
Publikationsdatum: 18.08.2020
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter: Parodontale Erhaltungstherapie
Parodontitis
Photodynamische Therapie
Root-Planing
Parodontalpathogene
Erschienen in: wissen kompakt / Ausgabe 3/2020
Print ISSN: 1863-2637
Elektronische ISSN: 2190-3816
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11838-020-00115-z

Update Zahnmedizin

Bestellen Sie unseren kostenlosen Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.

Newsletter bestellen

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Die antimikrobielle photodynamische Therapie (aPDT) in der Behandlung von parodontalen und periimplantären Infektionen

Zusammenfassung

Neu im Fachgebiet Zahnmedizin

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

Klinikreform soll zehntausende Menschenleben retten

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Update Zahnmedizin

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Zusammenfassung

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2020

Einsatz von Lasern in der Endodontie

Laserunterstützte Diagnostik und Therapie der Zahnhartsubstanz

Laser in der Zahnheilkunde – die wichtigsten Einsatzgebiete

Grundlagen der Laserzahnheilkunde

Neu im Fachgebiet Zahnmedizin

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

Klinikreform soll zehntausende Menschenleben retten

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Update Zahnmedizin