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Erschienen in: Der Urologe 7/2014

01.07.2014 | Leitthema

Pelvine Lymphadenektomie

Komplikationsmanagement

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. D. Weckermann

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 7/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Die ausgedehnte pelvine Lymphadenektomie liefert exakte Angaben zum Lymphknotenstatus und verbessert darüber hinaus möglicherweise den Krankheitsverlauf. Diesen Vorteilen stehen mögliche peri- und postoperative Komplikationen gegenüber. Bei intraoperativer Läsion des N. obturatorius sollte eine mikrochirurgische epineurale Nervennaht erfolgen. Postoperativ sollte der Patient aufgeklärt, neurologisch vorgestellt und krankengymnastisch behandelt werden.
Die häufigste postoperative Komplikation ist die (symptomatische) Lymphozele. Sie tritt häufiger nach einem extraperitonealen Eingriff auf. Sorgfältige Präparation der Lymphknoten mit Klippung der Lymphbahnen, Aussparen der lateralen Wand der A. iliaca externa bei der Lymphknotendissektion, ausreichend lange postoperative Drainage und Applikation von niedermolekularem Heparin in den Oberarm können das Risiko für eine postoperative Lymphozele reduzieren.
Die Instillation sklerosierender Medikamente und eine längere Drainage führen in der Regel zu einem Sistieren der Lymphsekretion. Ist dies nicht der Fall, kann die laparoskopische Fensterung mit hoher Erfolgsrate die Lymphozele sanieren. Wichtig sind regelmäßige Ultraschallkontrollen im postoperativen Verlauf, um Lymphozelen rechtzeitig zu erkennen und zu behandeln.
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Metadaten
Titel
Pelvine Lymphadenektomie
Komplikationsmanagement
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. D. Weckermann
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 7/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-014-3480-x

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