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24.04.2024 | Original Research Article

Post-COVID Trajectory of Pentraxin 3 Plasma Levels Over 6 Months and Their Association with the Risk of Developing Post-Acute Depression and Anxiety

verfasst von: Rebecca De Lorenzo, Mario G. Mazza, Clara Sciorati, Roberto Leone, Francesco Scavello, Mariagrazia Palladini, Aurora Merolla, Fabio Ciceri, Barbara Bottazzi, Cecilia Garlanda, Francesco Benedetti, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Angelo A. Manfredi

Erschienen in: CNS Drugs | Ausgabe 6/2024

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Abstract

Background and Objectives

Clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often persist after acute disease resolution. Underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. The objective of this original article was to longitudinally measure plasma levels of markers of the innate immune response to investigate whether they associate with and predict post-COVID symptomatology.

Methods

Adult patients with previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during the first pandemic wave who underwent the 6-month multidisciplinary follow-up were included. Plasma levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), the complement components C3a and C5a, and chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) were measured at hospital admission during acute disease (baseline) and at 1 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Associations with post-COVID-19 sequelae at 6 months were investigated using descriptive statistic and multiple regression models.

Results

Ninety-four COVID-19 patients were included. Baseline PTX3, C5a, C3a, and CHI3L1 did not predict post-COVID-19 sequelae. The extent of the reduction of PTX3 over time (delta PTX3) was associated with lower depressive and anxiety symptoms at 6 months (both p < 0.05). When entering sex, age, need for intensive care unit or non-invasive ventilation during hospital stay, psychiatric history, and baseline PTX3 as nuisance covariates into a generalized linear model (GLM), the difference between baseline and 6-month PTX3 levels (delta PTX3) significantly predicted depression (χ² = 4.66, p = 0.031) and anxiety (χ² = 4.68, p = 0.031) at 6 months. No differences in PTX3 levels or PTX3 delta were found in patients with or without persistent or new-onset other COVID-19 symptoms or signs at 6 months. Plasma levels of C3a, C5a, and CHI3L1 did not correlate with PTX3 levels at either time point and failed to associate with residual or de novo respiratory or systemic clinical manifestations of the disease at 6 months.

Conclusions

A lower reduction of plasma PTX3 after acute COVID-19 associates with the presence of depression and anxiety, suggesting an involvement of inflammation in post-COVID-19 psychopathology and a potential role of PTX3 as a biomarker.

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Titel: Post-COVID Trajectory of Pentraxin 3 Plasma Levels Over 6 Months and Their Association with the Risk of Developing Post-Acute Depression and Anxiety
verfasst von: Rebecca De Lorenzo
Mario G. Mazza
Clara Sciorati
Roberto Leone
Francesco Scavello
Mariagrazia Palladini
Aurora Merolla
Fabio Ciceri
Barbara Bottazzi
Cecilia Garlanda
Francesco Benedetti
Patrizia Rovere-Querini
Angelo A. Manfredi
Publikationsdatum: 24.04.2024
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: CNS Drugs / Ausgabe 6/2024
Print ISSN: 1172-7047
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1934
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-024-01081-4

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