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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 8/2014

01.08.2014 | Originalien

Saures Gliafaserprotein beim Patienten mit akuten Schlaganfallsymptomen

Diagnostischer Marker einer Hirnblutung

verfasst von: PD Dr. C. Foerch, W. Pfeilschifter, P. Zeiner, R. Brunkhorst

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 8/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Das saure Gliafaserprotein („glial fibrillary acidic protein“, GFAP) ist ein hirnspezifisches Protein, das in Astrozyten in größeren Mengen exprimiert wird und wichtige Funktionen im Rahmen der Aufrechterhaltung des Zytoskeletts übernimmt. Nekrose und Zytolyse von astroglialen Zellen führen zur Freisetzung von GFAP in den Extrazellularraum und ins Blut. Hirnblutungen bedingen die unmittelbare mechanische Zelldestruktion, während bei Hirninfarkten Nekrose und Zytolyse histopathologisch in relevantem Ausmaß erst 6–12 h nach Symptombeginn zu finden sind. Insofern öffnet sich ein diagnostisches Fenster in den ersten Stunden nach dem Auftreten einer Schlaganfallsymptomatik, in dem erhöhte GFAP-Werte im Blut eine intrazerebrale Blutung anzeigen könnten. Diese Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt die dem Testprinzip zugrunde liegende Pathophysiologie und fasst die wesentlichen Ergebnisse der relevanten Forschungsarbeiten zusammen. Potenzielle Implikationen des GFAP-Tests wären die verbesserte prähospitale Triage von akuten Schlaganfallpatienten sowie die Möglichkeit, bei Patienten mit akuten Hirnblutungen rasch eine Therapie (Blutdrucksenkung, Gerinnungsausgleich bei antikoagulanzienassoziierter Blutung) einleiten zu können. Anderweitige mögliche Einsatzgebiete für GFAP liegen im Bereich der traumatischen Hirnschädigung und beim Glioblastom.
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Metadaten
Titel
Saures Gliafaserprotein beim Patienten mit akuten Schlaganfallsymptomen
Diagnostischer Marker einer Hirnblutung
verfasst von
PD Dr. C. Foerch
W. Pfeilschifter
P. Zeiner
R. Brunkhorst
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 8/2014
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-014-4128-1

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