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Journal of Neural Transmission

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01.04.2013 | Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review Article

Some molecular mechanisms of dopaminergic and glutamatergic dysfunctioning in Parkinson’s disease

verfasst von: Dénes Zádori, Levente Szalárdy, József Toldi, Ferenc Fülöp, Péter Klivényi, László Vécsei

Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Ausgabe 4/2013

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Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a considerable socioeconomic burden. The pathomechanism of PD clearly involves the synergistic interaction of dopaminergic and glutamatergic dysfunctioning, including maladaptive corticostriatal synaptoplasticity. Most of the available treatment options have the aim of restoration of the physiological dopaminergic activity. Currently, the most widely used treatment is l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA), which leads to the best symptomatic relief in PD. However, the long-term use of l-DOPA results in abnormal involuntary movements in almost all cases, the development of these dyskinetic movements also involving maladaptive corticostriatal synaptoplasticity. Perhaps chronic l-DOPA treatment has neurotoxic effects as well, but it has not yet been proved in clinical studies. Another important group of dopamine replacement therapy (DRT)-related side-effects consists of disinhibitory psychopathologies. Recent studies revealed that genetic polymorphisms affecting certain dopaminergic and glutamatergic receptors serve as independent risk factors for the development of these pathological conditions in PD patients. The available scientific data demonstrate that alterations in the kynurenine pathway of the tryptophan metabolism can be observed in PD and these alterations may contribute to the disease pathogenesis and to the occurrence of DRT-related side-effects. Therapeutic strategies that target the restoration of the kynurenine metabolism could therefore hold promise.

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Titel: Some molecular mechanisms of dopaminergic and glutamatergic dysfunctioning in Parkinson’s disease
verfasst von: Dénes Zádori
Levente Szalárdy
József Toldi
Ferenc Fülöp
Péter Klivényi
László Vécsei
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2013
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission / Ausgabe 4/2013
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-012-0930-8

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