Background
Methods
Aim of study
Participants
Questionnaire and measurement
Analysis
Ethical considerations
Results
Demographics
Total | Use (n = 220) | Do not use (n = 82) | chi or t(p) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%) | Mean ± SD | n(%) or Mean ± SD | n(%) or Mean ± SD | ||||||||
Use of social media | Use | 82 | (27.2) | ||||||||
Do not use | 220 | (72.8) | |||||||||
Age (years) | 20–24 | 3 | (1.0) | 32.86 | ± 3.56 | 32.79 | ± 3.44 | 33.04 | ± 3.87 | .533 | (.597) |
25–29 | 46 | (15.2) | |||||||||
30–34 | 153 | (50.7) | |||||||||
35–39 | 88 | (29.1) | |||||||||
40–44 | 12 | (4.0) | |||||||||
Number of pregnancies | 1st (primipara) | 208 | (68.9) | 146 | (66.4) | 62 | (75.6) | 2.251a | (.335) | ||
2nd | 80 | (26.5) | 63 | (28.6) | 17 | (20.7) | |||||
3rd and above | 14 | (4.6) | 11 | (5.0) | 3 | (3.7) | |||||
Fertility treatment | No | 266 | (88.1) | 73 | (89.0) | 193 | (87.7) | 1.182a | (.574) | ||
Intrauterine Insemination | 11 | (3.6) | 4 | (4.9) | 7 | (3.2) | |||||
In Vitro Fertilization | 25 | (8.3) | 5 | (6.1) | 20 | (9.1) | |||||
Stage | 1st | 40 | (13.2) | 31 | (14.1) | 9 | (11.0) | 4.746 | (.200) | ||
2nd | 113 | (37.4) | 82 | (37.3) | 31 | (37.8) | |||||
3rd | 73 | (24.2) | 58 | (26.4) | 15 | (18.3) | |||||
postpartum | 76 | (25.2) | 49 | (22.3) | 27 | (32.9) | |||||
KeHEALS | < 30 | 95 | (31.5) | 31.00 | ± 4.09 | 31.291 | ± 4.238 | 30.207 | ± 3.589 | -2.056 | (.041) |
≥ 30 | 207 | (68.5) |
Information source and interested topics from all participants
Sources of health information | Total (n = 302) | Use social media (n = 220) | Do not use social media (n = 82) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
Social media (including online communities, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) | 220 | (72.9) | 220 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.00) |
Search engine (including Naver, Daum, and Google) | 220 | (72.9) | 176 | (80.0) | 44 | (53.7) |
Friends | 180 | (59.6) | 138 | (62.7) | 42 | (51.2) |
Health professionals | 149 | (49.3) | 119 | (54.1) | 30 | (36.6) |
Family | 115 | (38.1) | 89 | (40.5) | 26 | (31.7) |
Books and newspapers | 80 | (26.5) | 67 | (30.5) | 13 | (15.9) |
Medical-related websites (such as hospitals, health centers or government portals) | 66 | (21.9) | 49 | (22.3) | 17 | (20.7) |
TV program | 49 | (16.2) | 41 | (18.6) | 8 | (9.8) |
Childcare-related commercial websites (such as baby milk formula companies) | 37 | (12.3) | 31 | (14.1) | 6 | (7.3) |
Others | 3 | (1.0) | 3 | (1.4) | 0 | (0.0) |
Topics | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | Postpartum | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
Post-partum care | 20 | (50.0) | 56 | (49.6) | 46 | (63.0) | 48 | (63.2) | 170 | (56.3) |
Pregnancy symptoms (such as morning sickness, itching or uterine cramping) | 31 | (77.5) | 60 | (53.1) | 51 | (69.9) | 22 | (28.9) | 164 | (54.3) |
Daily life issues (such as diet, exercise, work or travel) | 25 | (62.5) | 55 | (48.7) | 36 | (49.3) | 31 | (40.8) | 147 | (48.7) |
Fetal development (such as sex or fetal movements) | 16 | (40.0) | 58 | (51.3) | 26 | (35.6) | 16 | (21.1) | 116 | (38.4) |
Antenatal investigations and screening (such as testing for gestational diabetes or USG) | 18 | (45.0) | 53 | (46.9) | 20 | (27.4) | 9 | (11.8) | 100 | (33.1) |
Hospital information (such as choosing a hospital) | 22 | (55.0) | 37 | (32.7) | 12 | (16.4) | 28 | (36.8) | 99 | (32.8) |
Medications (such as iron or vitamins) | 19 | (47.5) | 36 | (31.9) | 12 | (16.4) | 16 | (21.1) | 83 | (27.5) |
COVID-19 | 4 | (10.0) | 26 | (23.0) | 13 | (17.8) | 25 | (32.9) | 68 | (22.5) |
Mood during pregnancy | 12 | (30.0) | 16 | (14.2) | 8 | (11.0) | 17 | (22.4) | 53 | (17.6) |
Stories about family (such as changes in family roles) | 1 | (2.5) | 11 | (9.73) | 9 | (12.3) | 23 | (30.3) | 44 | (14.6) |
Others | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (1.37) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.3) |
Totals of each stage | 40 | (100.0) | 113 | (100.0) | 73 | (100.0) | 76 | (100.0) | 302 | (100.0) |
Topics | Use social media (n = 220) | Do not use social media (n = 82) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st (n = 31) | 2nd (n = 82) | 3rd (n = 58) | Postpartum (n = 49) | 1st (n = 9) | 2nd (n = 31) | 3rd (n = 15) | Postpartum (n = 27) | |||||||||
n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
Post-partum care | 16 | (51.6) | 45 | (54.9) | 38 | (65.5) | 33 | (67.4) | 4 | (44.4) | 11 | (35.5) | 8 | (53.3) | 15 | (55.6) |
Pregnancy symptoms (such as morning sickness, itching, or uterine cramping) | 26 | (83.9) | 51 | (62.2) | 42 | (72.4) | 19 | (38.8) | 5 | (55.6) | 9 | (29.0) | 9 | (60.0) | 3 | (11.1) |
Daily life issues (such as diet, exercise, work, or travel) | 20 | (64.5) | 45 | (54.9) | 27 | (46.6) | 27 | (55.1) | 5 | (55.6) | 10 | (32.3) | 9 | (60.0) | 4 | (14.8) |
Fetal development (such as sex or fetal movements) | 13 | (41.9) | 46 | (56.1) | 22 | (37.9) | 13 | (26.5) | 3 | (33.3) | 12 | (38.7) | 4 | (26.7) | 3 | (11.1) |
Antenatal investigations and screening (such as testing for gestational diabetes or USG) | 16 | (51.6) | 50 | (61.0) | 19 | (32.8) | 7 | (14.3) | 2 | (22.2) | 3 | (9.7) | 1 | (6.7) | 2 | (7.4) |
Hospital information (such as choosing a hospital) | 18 | (58.1) | 21 | (25.6) | 11 | (19.0) | 15 | (30.6) | 4 | (44.4) | 16 | (51.6) | 1 | (6.7) | 13 | (48.1) |
Medications (such as iron or vitamins) | 16 | (51.6) | 22 | (26.8) | 11 | (19.0) | 5 | (10.2) | 3 | (33.3) | 14 | (45.2) | 1 | (6.7) | 11 | (40.7) |
COVID-19 | 3 | (9.7) | 17 | (20.7) | 10 | (17.2) | 8 | (16.3) | 1 | (11.1) | 9 | (29.0) | 3 | (20.0) | 17 | (63.0) |
Mood during pregnancy | 10 | (32.3) | 13 | (15.9) | 7 | (12.1) | 13 | (26.5) | 2 | (22.2) | 3 | (9.7 | 1 | (6.7) | 4 | (14.8) |
Stories about family (such as changes in family roles) | 1 | (3.2) | 9 | (11.0) | 8 | (13.8) | 14 | (28.6) | 0 | (0.0) | 2 | (6.5) | 1 | (6.7) | 9 | (33.3) |
Others | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (1.7) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
Experience of social media use from user group
Topics | Information support | Emotional support | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | ± SD | Rank | Mean | ± SD | Rank | |
Daily life issues | 4.025 | ± 0.838 | 1 | 4.109 | ± 0.909 | 3 |
Antenatal investigations and screening | 4.000 | ± 0.852 | 2 | 4.054 | ± 0.965 | 5 |
Stories about family | 3.906 | ± 0.963 | 3 | 4.313 | ± 0.859 | 1 |
Pregnancy symptoms | 3.870 | ± 0.995 | 4 | 4.065 | ± 0.939 | 4 |
Mood during pregnancy | 3.767 | ± 1.109 | 5 | 4.140 | ± 1.037 | 2 |
Fetal development | 3.766 | ± 1.031 | 6 | 4.053 | ± 0.896 | 6 |
Post-partum care | 3.750 | ± 1.051 | 7 | 3.886 | ± 0.986 | 7 |
Hospital information | 3.662 | ± 1.094 | 8 | 3.831 | ± 1.009 | 8 |
Medications | 3.574 | ± 0.964 | 9 | 3.778 | ± 0.945 | 9 |
COVID-19 | 3.447 | ± 1.267 | 10 | 3.526 | ± 1.133 | 10 |
Use of social media | Total | 1sta | 2ndb | 3rdc | Postpartumd | F(p) and scheffe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
Times to access social media (in a week) | 21.94 ± 22.94 | 14.94 ± 9.12 | 18.87 ± 19.75 | 21.17 ± 17.26 | 32.41 ± 34.30 | 5.154 (.002) d > a,b,c |
Times to write a post (in a week) | 6.62 ± 10.79 | 3.65 ± 5.36 | 3.61 ± 5.54 | 5.59 ± 9.85 | 14.78 ± 15.99 | 14.768 (< .001) d > a,b,c |
Times to write a comment on the post (in a week) | 10.75 ± 15.22 | 8.36 ± 11.80 | 7.31 ± 10.44 | 9.22 ± 16.09 | 19.82 ± 19.15 | 8.429 (< .001) d > a,b,c |
Reasons | n | (%) |
---|---|---|
To get information quickly (rapidly) | 194 | (88.2) |
To get new information | 172 | (78.2) |
To get emotional support through relatable experiences | 169 | (76.8) |
To get applicable information | 147 | (66.8) |
To get detailed information | 135 | (61.4) |
To check information before and after seeing your doctor | 118 | (53.6) |
To have fun through the relatable stories of pregnant women | 104 | (47.3) |
To get reliable information | 58 | (26.4) |
Other | 3 | (1.4) |