Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Radiation Therapy for Early and Advanced Breast Cancer

  • Chapter
Breast Cancer 2nd edition

Part of the book series: M.D. Anderson Cancer Care Series ((MDCCS))

  • 2574 Accesses

Radiation therapy is an important tool in the treatment of women with breast cancer. For patients with ductal carcinoma in situ or early-stage invasive cancer, radiation therapy plays a central role in breast conservation therapy. Similarly, for selected patients with locally advanced disease who have a sufficient response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, regional radiation therapy is an important part of a breast conservation approach. Patients with intermediate- or advanced-stage disease who undergo mastectomy and are at high risk for local-regional recurrence benefit from postmastectomy irradiation. Radiation therapy also plays an important role in the treatment of inflammatory carcinoma, local-regionally recurrent carcinoma, and axillary nodal disease from unidentified primary tumors. Finally, the judicious use of radiation therapy in patients with symptomatic metastases materially improves quality of life and helps maintain a high level of function.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Arriagada R, Le MG, Rochard F, et al. Conservative treatment versus mastectomy in early breast cancer: patterns of failure with 15 years of follow-up data. Institut Gustave Roussy Breast Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:1558–1564.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arthur DW, Vicini FA. Accelerated partial breast irradiation as a part of breast conservation therapy. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:1726–1735.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ballo MT, Strom EA, Prost H, et al. Local-regional control of recurrent breast carcinoma after mastectomy: does hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy improve local control? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999;44:105–112.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barker JL, Montague ED, Peters LJ. Clinical experience with irradiation of inflammatory carcinoma of the breast with and without elective chemotherapy. Cancer 1980;45:625–629.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benitez PR, Streeter O, Vicini F. Preliminary results and evaluation of MammoSite balloon brachytherapy for partial breast irradiation for pure ductal carcinoma in situ: a phase II clinical study. Am J Surg 2006;192:427–433.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Betsill WL Jr, Rosen PP, Lieberman PH, et al. Intraductal carcinoma. Long-term follow-up after treatment by biopsy alone. JAMA 1978;239:1863–1867.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bijker N, Meijnen P, Peterse JL, et al. Breast-conserving treatment with or without radiotherapy in ductal carcinoma-in-situ; ten-year results of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer randomized phase III trial 10853—a study by the EORTC Breast Cancer Cooperative Group and EORTC Radiotherapy Group. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:3381–3387.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blichert-Toft M, Rose C, Andersen JA, et al. Danish randomized trial comparing breast conservation therapy with mastectomy: six years of life-table analysis. Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. NCI Monogr 1992;11:19–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bristol IJ, Strom EA, Domain D, et al. Long-term local-regional treatment outcomes for patients with inflammatory breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:S210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bucalossi P, Veronesi U, Zingo L, et al. Enlarged mastectomy for breast cancer. Review of 1,213 cases. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1971;111:119–122.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buchholz TA, Tucker SL, Masullo L, et al. Predictors of local-regional recurrence after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy without radiation. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:17–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen A, Meric-Bernstam F, Hunt KK, et al. Breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:2303–2312.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chu JC, Solin LJ, Hwang CC, et al. A nondivergent three field matching technique for breast irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1990;19:1037–1040.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark RM, Whelan T, Levine M, et al. Randomized clinical trial of breast irradiation following lumpectomy and axillary dissection for node-negative breast cancer: an update. Ontario Clinical Oncology Group. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:1659–1664.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Danforth DJ, Findlay PA, McDonald HD, et al. Complete axillary lymph node dissection for stage I–II carcinoma of the breast. J Clin Oncol 1986;4:655–662.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darby SC, McGake P, Taylor CW, et al. Long-term mortality from heart disease and lung cancer after radiotherapy for early breast cancer: prospective cohort study of about 300,000 women in US SEER cancer registries. Lancet Oncol 2005;6:557–565.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deemarski L, Seleznev IK. Extended radical operations on breast cancer of medial or central location. Surgery 1984;96:73–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • EBCTCG (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group). Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 2005;366:2087–2106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fentiman IS. The treatment of in situ breast cancer. Acta Oncol 1989;28:923–926.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fentiman IS, Poole C, Tong D, et al. Inadequacy of iridium implant as sole radiation treatment for operable breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 1996;32A:608–611.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1233–1241.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher B, Dignam J, Wolmark N, et al. Lumpectomy and radiation therapy for the treatment of intraductal breast cancer: findings from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-17. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:441–452.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Floyd SR, Buchholz TA, Haffty BG, et al. Low local recurrence rate without postmastectomy radiation in node-negative breast cancer patients with tumors 5 cm and larger. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;66:358–364.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forrest AP, Stewart HJ, Everington D, et al. Randomised controlled trial of conservation therapy for breast cancer: 6-year analysis of the Scottish trial. Scottish Cancer Trials Breast Group. Lancet 1996;348:708–713.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fowble B, Hanlon AL, Fein DA, et al. Results of conservative surgery and radiation for mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997;38:949–957.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fyles AW, McCready DR, Manchul LA, et al. Tamoxifen with or without breast irradiation in women 50 years of age or older with early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:963–970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garg AK, Strom EA, McNeese MD, et al. T3 disease at presentation or pathologic involvement of four or more lymph nodes predict for locoregional recurrence in stage II breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy without radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004;59:138–145.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gil-Rendo A, Zornoza G, Garcia-Velloso MJ, et al. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with sentinel lymph node biopsy for evaluation of axillary involvement in breast cancer. Br J Surg 2006;93:707–712.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gyenes G, Fornander T, Carlens P, et al. Myocardial damage in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy: a prospective study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996;36:899–905.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Handley RS. Carcinoma of the breast. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1975;57:59–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris EE, Correa C, Hwang WT, et al. Late cardiac mortality and morbidity in early stage breast cancer patients after breast-conservation treatment. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:4100–4106.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hiramatsu H, Bornstein BA, Recht A, et al. Local recurrence after conservative surgery and radiation therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ. Cancer J Sci Am 1995;1:55–61.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hojris I, Overgaard M, Christensen JJ, et al. Morbidity and mortality of ischaemic heart disease in high-risk breast-cancer patients after adjuvant postmastectomy systemic treatment with or without radiotherapy: analysis of DBCG 82b and 82c randomised trials. Lancet 1999;354:1425–1430.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hortobagyi GN. Multidisciplinary management of advanced primary and metastatic breast cancer. Cancer 1994;74:416–423.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hortobagyi GN, Ames FC, Buzdar AU, et al. Management of stage III primary breast cancer with primary chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Cancer 1988;62:2507–2516.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hortobagyi GN, Buzdar AU, Strom EA, et al. Primary chemotherapy for early and advanced breast cancer. Cancer Lett 1995;90:103–109.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes KS, Schnaper LA, Berry D, et al. Lumpectomy plus tamoxifen with or without irradiation in women 70 years of age or older with early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:971–977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacquillat C, Baillet F, Weil M, et al. Results of a conservative treatment combining induction (neoadjuvant) and consolidation chemotherapy, hormonotherapy, and external and interstitial irradiation in 98 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (IIA–IIIB). Cancer 1988;15:1977–1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janjan NA, Gillin MT, Prows J, et al. Dose to the cardiac vascular and conduction systems in primary breast irradiation [published erratum appears in Med Dosim 1989;14:305]. Med Dosim 1989;14:81–87.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeruss JS, Vicini FA, Beitsch PD, et al. Initial outcomes for patients treated on the American Society of Breast Surgeons MammoSite clinical trial for ductal carcinoma-in-situ of the breast. Ann Surg Oncol 2006;13:967–976.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jha MK, Avlontis VS, Griffith CD, et al. Aggressive local treatment for screen-detected DCIS results in very low rates of recurrence. Eur J Surg Oncol 2001;27:454–458.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Julien JP, Bijker N, Fentiman IS, et al. Radiotherapy in breast-conserving treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ: first results of the EORTC randomised phase III trial 10853. EORTC Breast Cancer Cooperative Group and EORTC Radiotherapy Group. Lancet 2000;355:528–533.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karlsson P, Holmberg E, Johansson KA, et al. Soft tissue sarcoma after treatment for breast cancer. Radiother Oncol 1996;38:25–31.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katz A, Strom EA, Buchholz TA, et al. Locoregional recurrence patterns after mastectomy and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy: implications for postoperative irradiation. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:2817–2827.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katz A, Strom EA, Buchholz TA, et al. The influence of pathologic tumor characteristics on locoregional recurrence rates following mastectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;50:735–742.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kestin LL, Goldstein NS, Martinez AA, et al. Mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ treated with conservative surgery with or without radiation therapy: patterns of failure and 10-year results. Ann Surg 2000;231:235–245.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuske RR, Bean JM, Garcia DM, et al. Breast conservation therapy for intraductal carcinoma of the breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993;26:391–396.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuske RR, Winter K, Arthur DW, et al. Phase II trial of brachytherapy alone after lumpectomy for select breast cancer: toxicity analysis of RTOG 95–17. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006;65:45–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacour J, Bucalossi P, Cacers E, et al. Radical mastectomy versus radical mastectomy plus internal mammary dissection. Five-year results of an international cooperative study. Cancer 1976;37:206–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lacour J, Le MG, Hill C, et al. Is it useful to remove internal mammary nodes in operable breast cancer? Eur J Surg Oncol 1987;13:309–314.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lagios MD, Silverstein MJ. Ductal carcinoma in situ. The success of breast conservation therapy: a shared experience of two single institutional nonrandomized prospective studies. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 1997;6:385–392.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liao Z, Strom EA, Buzdar AU, et al. Locoregional irradiation for inflammatory breast cancer: effectiveness of dose escalation in decreasing recurrence. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;47:1191–1200.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liljegren G, Holmberg L, Bergh J, et al. 10-year results after sector resection with or without postoperative radiotherapy for stage I breast cancer: a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:2326–2333.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liljegren G, Lindgren A, Bergh J, et al. Risk factors for local recurrence after conservative treatment in stage I breast cancer. Definition of a subgroup not requiring radiotherapy. Ann Oncol 1997;8:235–241.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lingos TI, Recht A, Vicini F, et al. Radiation pneumonitis in breast cancer patients treated with conservative surgery and radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1991;21:355–360.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mauriac L, Durand M, Avril A, et al. Effects of primary chemotherapy in conservative treatment of breast cancer patients with operable tumors larger than 3 cm. Results of a randomized trial in a single centre. Ann Oncol 1991;2:347–354.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Overgaard M, Hansen PS, Overgaard C, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk premenopausal women with breast cancer who receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group 82b trial. N Engl J Med 1997;337:949–955.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Overgaard M, Jensen MB, Overgaard PS, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk postmenopausal breast-cancer patients given adjuvant tamoxifen: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group DBCG 82c randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353:1641–1648.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perera F, Yu E, Engel J, et al. Patterns of breast recurrence in a pilot study of brachytherapy confined to the lumpectomy site for early breast cancer with six years’ minimum follow-up. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;57:1239–1246.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poggi MM, Danforth DN, Sciuto LC, et al. Eighteen-year results in the treatment of early breast carcinoma with mastectomy versus breast conservation therapy: the National Cancer Institute randomized trial. Cancer 2003;98:697–702.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ragaz J, Jackson SM, Le N, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in node-positive premenopausal women with breast cancer. N Engl J Med 1997;337:956–962.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Read NE, Strom EA, McNeese MD. Carcinoma in axillary nodes in women with unknown primary site—results of breast-conserving therapy. Breast J 1996;2:403–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renton SC, Gazet JC, Ford HT, et al. The importance of the resection margin in conservative surgery for breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 1996;22:17–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen PP, Lesser ML, Kinne DW, et al. Discontinuous or “skip” metastases in breast carcinoma. Analysis of 1228 axillary dissections. Ann Surg 1983;197:276–283.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutqvist LE, Lax I, Fornander T, et al. Cardiovascular mortality in a randomized trial of adjuvant radiation therapy versus surgery alone in primary breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1992;22:887–896.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnitt SJ, Hayman J, Gelman R, et al. A prospective study of conservative surgery alone in the treatment of selected patients with stage I breast cancer. Cancer 1996;77:1094–1100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein MJ, Barth A, Poller DN, et al. Ten-year results comparing mastectomy to excision and radiation therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Eur J Cancer 1995a;9:1425–1427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein MJ, Poller DN, Waisman JR, et al. Prognostic classification of breast ductal carcinoma-in-situ. Lancet 1995b;345:1154–1157.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singletary S, Ames F, Buzdar A. Management of inflammatory breast cancer. World J Surg 1994;18:87–92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singletary SE, McNeese MD, Hortobagyi GN. Feasibility of breast-conservation surgery after induction chemotherapy for locally advanced breast carcinoma. Cancer 1992;69:2849–2852.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sneige N, McNeese MD, Atkinson EN, et al. Ductal carcinoma in situ treated with lumpectomy and irradiation: histopathological analysis of 49 specimens with emphasis on risk factors and long term results. Hum Pathol 1995;26:642–649.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solin LJ, Fourquet A, Vicini FA, et al. Long-term outcome after breast-conservation treatment with radiation for mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Cancer 2005a;103:1137–1146.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solin LJ, Fourquet A, Vicini FA, et al. Salvage treatment for local or local-regional recurrence after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation for ductal carcinoma in situ. Eur J Cancer 2005b;41:1715–1723.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solin LJ, Yeh IT, Kurtz J, et al. Ductal carcinoma in situ (intraductal carcinoma) of the breast treated with breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation. Correlation of pathologic parameters with outcome of treatment. Cancer 1993;71:2532–2542.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stadnik TW, Everaert H, Makkat S, et al. Breast imaging. Preoperative breast cancer staging: comparison of USPIO-enhanced MR imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDC) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for axillary lymph node staging-initial findings. Eur Radiol 2006;16:2153–2160.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strom EA, McNeese MD. Postmastectomy irradiation: rationale for treatment field selection. Semin Radiat Oncol 1999;9:247–253.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strom EA, Woodward WA, Katz A, et al. Clinical investigation: regional nodal failure patterns in breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy without radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;63:1508–1513.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sunshine JA, Moseley HS, Fletcher WS, et al. Breast carcinoma in situ. A retrospective review of 112 cases with a minimum 10 year follow-up. Am J Surg 1985;150:44–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taghian A, de Vathaire F, Terrier P, et al. Long-term risk of sarcoma following radiation treatment for breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1991;21:361–367.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taghian AG, Assaad SI, Niemierko A, et al. Risk of pneumonitis in breast cancer patients treated with radiation therapy and combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1806–1811.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taghian AG, Jeong JH, Mamounas EP, et al. Low locoregional recurrence rate among node-negative breast cancer patients with tumors 5 cm or larger treated by mastectomy, with or without adjuvant systemic therapy and without radiotherapy: results from five national surgical adjuvant breast and bowel project randomized clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:3927–3932.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thoms WJ, McNeese MD, Fletcher GH, et al. Multimodal treatment for inflammatory breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1989;17:739–745.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • UKCCCR (UK Coordinating Committee on Cancer Research). Ductal Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) Working Party on behalf of DCIS trialists in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Radiotherapy and tamoxifen in women with completely excised ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast in the UK, Australia, and New Zealand: randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2003;362:95–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Urban JA, Marjani MA. Significance of internal mammary lymph node metastases in breast cancer. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1971;111:130–136.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Dongen JA, Bartelink H, Fentiman IS, et al. Randomized clinical trial to assess the value of breast-conserving therapy in stage I and II breast cancer, EORTC 10801 trial. Monogr Natl Cancer Inst 1992;11:15–18.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vapiwala N, Harris E, Hwang WT, et al. Long-term outcome for mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ managed with breast conservation treatment: prognostic significance of reexcision. Cancer J 2006;12:25–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Veronesi U, Cascinelli N, Mariani L, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized study comparing breast-conserving surgery with radical mastectomy for early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1227–1232.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Veronesi U, Marubini E, Mariani L, et al. Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery in small breast carcinoma: long-term results of a randomized trial. Ann Oncol 2001;12:997–1003.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veronesi U, Rilke F, Luini A, et al. Distribution of axillary node metastases by level of invasion: an analysis of 539 cases. Cancer 1987;59:682–687.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vicini FA, Kestin L, Chen P, et al. Limited-field radiation therapy in the management of early-stage breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003;95:1182–1183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vinh-Hung V, Verschraegen C. Breast-conserving surgery with or without radiotherapy: pooled-analysis for risks of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:115–121.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vlastos G, Mirza NQ, Lenert JT, et al. The feasibility of minimally invasive surgery for stage IIA, IIB, and IIIA breast carcinoma patients after tumor downstaging with induction chemotherapy. Cancer 2000;88:1417–1424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallgren A, Bonetti M, Gelber RD, et al. Risk factors for locoregional recurrence among breast cancer patients: results from International Breast Cancer Study Group trials I through VII. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:1205–1213.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong JS, Kaelin CM, Troyan SL, et al. Prospective study of wide excision alone for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:1031–1036.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu J, Li G, Li J, et al. The pattern of lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer and its influence on delineation of radiation fields. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;61:874–878.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Welela Tereffe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eric A. Strom
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Kelly K. Hunt MD

  2. Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Geoffrey L. Robb MD

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Eric A. Strom MD

  4. Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA

    Naoto T. Ueno MD, PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tereffe, W., Strom, E.A. (2008). Radiation Therapy for Early and Advanced Breast Cancer. In: Hunt, K.K., Robb, G.L., Strom, E.A., Ueno, N.T. (eds) Breast Cancer 2nd edition. M.D. Anderson Cancer Care Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34952-7_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34952-7_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-34950-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-34952-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation