Light-traps, the earliest using paraffin or acetylene lamps, have been used for many years to catch insects and many papers have been published dealing with various trap designs, different light sources and factors influencing catch size.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Acuff VR (1976) Trap biases influencing mosquito collecting. Mosquito News 36, 173-176
Altman DG, Bland JM (1983) Measurement in medicine - the analysis of method comparison studies. Statisitician 32: 307-317
Aranda C, Aponte JJ, Saute F, Casimiro S, Pinto J, Sousa C, do Rosario V, Petrarca V, Dgedge M, Alonso P (2005) Entomological characteristics of ma-laria transmission in Manhiça, a rural area in southern Mozambique. J Med Entomol 42: 180-186
Artsob H, Spence L, Surgeoner G, Th’ng C, Lampotang V, Grant L, McCreadie J (1983) Studies on a focus of California group virus activity in southern Ontario. Mosquito News 43: 449-455
Bailly-Choumara H (1973a) Étude préliminaire d’une récolte d’Anopheles labran-chiae par piège CDC réalisée dans la région de Larache, Maroc. Bull World Health Organ 49: 49-55
Bailly-Choumara H (1973b) Étude comparative de différentes techniques de ré-colté de moustiques adultes (Diptera, Culicidae) faîte au Maroc, en zone rurale. Bull Soc Sci Nat Phys Maroc 53: 135-187
Baldwin WF, Chant GD (1975) Seasonal succession of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Chalk River area. Can Entomol 107: 947-952
Bargren WC, Nibley C (1956) Comparative Attractiveness of Colored Lights of Equal Intensity to Specific Species of Mosquitoes’. Research Report of Third Army Area Medical Laboratory, SU 3004, Fort McPherson (mimeographed)
Barker-Hudson P, Kay BH, Jones RE, Fanning ID, Smythe LD (1993) Surveil-lance of mosquitoes and arbovirus infection at the Ross River Dam (Stage 1), Australia. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 9: 389-399
Barr AR, Smith TA, Boreham MM (1960) Light intensity and the attraction of mosquitoes to light traps. J Econ Entomol 53: 876-880
Barr AR, Smith TA, Boreham MM, White KE (1963) Evaluation of some factors affecting the efficiency of light traps in collecting mosquitoes. J Econ Ento-mol 56: 123-127
Bartnett RE, Stephenson RG (1968) Effect of mechanical barrier mesh size on light trap collections in Harris county, Texas. Mosquito News 28: 108
Barton PS, Aberton JG, Kay BH (2004) Spatial and temporal definition of Ochle-rotatus camptorhynchus (Thomson) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Gippsland Lakes system of eastern Victoria. Aust J Entomol 43: 1-2
Bast TF (1960) An automatic interval collector for the New Jersey light trap. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 47: 95-104
Bast TF, Rehn JWH (1963) Vertical distribution of mosquitoes as indicated by light trap collections in two environments. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 50: 219-229
Bast TF, Rehn JWH, Stockwell WE (1964) Density of mosquitoes at two elevations. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 51: 146-152
Belton P, Galloway MM (1966) Light-trap collections of mosquitoes near Belleville, Ontario in 1965. Proc Entomol Soc Ontario 96: 90-96
Belton P, Kempster RH (1963) Some factors affecting the catches of Lepidoptera in light traps. Can Entomol 95: 832-837
Belton P, Pucat A (1967) A comparison of different lights in traps for Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Can Entomol 99: 267-272
Bidlingmayer WL (1964) The effect of moonlight on the flight activity of mosqui-toes. Ecology 45: 87-94
Bidlingmayer WL (1967) A comparison of trapping methods for adult mosquitoes: species response and environmental influence. J Med Entomol 4: 200-220
Bidlingmayer WL, Schoof HF (1957) The dispersal characteristics of the salt-marsh mosquito, Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) near Savannah, Georgia. Mosquito News: 17: 202-212
Blackeslee TE, Axtell R, Johnston L (1959) Aedes vexans and Culex salinarius light trap collections at five elevations. Mosquito News 19: 283
Boobar LR, Sardelis MR, Nelson JH, Brown WM (1987) A new type of collapsi-ble insect-surveillance light trap for sampling Diptera. Med Vet Entomol 1: 215-218
Bosak PJ, Reed LM, Crans WJ (2001) Habitat preference of host-seeking Coquit-tettidia perturbans (Walker) in relation to birds and eastern equine encepha-lomyelitis virus in New Jersey. J Vector Ecol 26: 10-09
Bowden J (1973) The influence of moonlight on catches of insects in light-traps in Africa. Part I. The moon and moonlight. Bull Entomol Res 63: 113-128
Bowden J (1981) The relationship between light- and suction-trap catches of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and the adjust-ment of light-trap catches to allow for variation in moonlight. Bull Entomol Res 71: 621-629
Bowden J (1982) An analysis of factors affecting catches of insects in light-traps. Bull Entomol Res 72: 535-556
Bowden J (1984) Latitudinal and seasonal changes of nocturnal illumination with a hypothesis about their effect on catches of insects in light-traps. Bull Ento-mol Res 74: 279-288
Bowden J, Church BM (1973) The influence of moonlight on catches of insects in light-traps in Africa. Part II. The effect of moon phase on light-trap catches. Bull Entomol Res 63: 129-142
Bowden J, Morris MG (1975) The influence of moonlight on catches of insects in light-traps in Africa. III. The effective radius of a mercury-vapour light-trap and the analysis of catches using effective radius. Bull Entomol Res 65: 303-348
Bradley GH (1943) Determination of densities of Anopheles quadrimaculatus on the wing. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 30: 22-27
Bradley GH, McNeel TE (1935) Mosquito collections in Florida with the New Jersey light trap. J Econ Entomol 28: 780-786
Bradley GH, Travis BV (1943) Time-saving methods for handling mosquito light-trap collections. J Econ Entomol 36: 51-53
Braverman Y, Linley JR (1993) Effect of light trap height on catch of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Israel. J Med Entomol 30: 1060-1063
Breeland SG (1974) Population patterns of Anopheles albimanus and their signifi-cance to malaria abatement. Bull World Health Organ 50: 307-315
Breyev KA (1958) On the use of ultra-violet light-traps for determining the spe-cific composition and numbers of mosquito populations. Parazitol Sb 18: 219-238 (In Russian, English summary)
Breyev KA (1963) The effect of various light sources on the numbers and species of blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) collected in light traps. En-tomol Obozr 42: 280-303 (In Russian, English summary)
Broom AK, Wright AE, Mackenzie JS, Lindsay MD, Robinson D (1989) Isolation of Murray Valley encephalitis and Ross River viruses from Aedes normanen-sis (Diptera: Culicidae) in western Australia. J Med Entomol 26: 100-103
Brust RA (1980) Dispersal behaviour of adult Aedes sticticus and Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) in Manitoba. Can Entomol 112: 31-42
Bryan JH (1986) Vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti in the Sepik provinces of Papua New Guinea. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 123-131
Buckley DJ, Stewart WWA (1970) A light-activated switch for controlling bat-tery-operated light traps. Can Entomol 102: 911-912
Burkett DA, Butler JF, Kline DL (1998) Field evaluation of colored light-emitting diodes as attractants for woodland mosquitoes and other Diptera in north cen-tral Florida. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 14: 186-195
Burkhardt D (1977) On the vision of insects. J Comp Physiol 120: 33-50
Caglar SS, Alten B, Bellini R, Simsek FM, Kaynas S (2003) Comparison of noc-turnal activities of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) sampled by New Jersey light traps and CO2 traps in Belek, Turkey. J Vector Ecol 28: 12-22
Cano J, Berzosa PJ, Roche J, Rubio JM, Moyano E, Guerra-Neira A, Brochero H, Mico M, Edu M, Benito A (2004) Malaria vectors in the Bioko Island (Equa-torial Guinea); estimation of vector dynamics and transmission intensities. J Med Entomol 41: 158-161
Carnevale P (1974) Variations saisonnières d’une population d’Anopheles nili (Theo.), 1904 en République Populaire du Congo. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 12: 165-174
Carnevale P, Boreham PFL (1978) Études des preferences trophique d’Anopheles nili (Theo.), 1904. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 16: 17-22
Carnevale P, Le Pont F (1973) Epidemiologie du paludism humain en République Populaire du Congo. II. Utilisation des pièges lumineux ‘C.D.C’. comme mo-yen d’échantillonnage des populations anophèliennes. Cah ORSTOM sér En-tomol Méd Parasitol 11: 263-273
Chamberlain RW, Sudia WD, Coleman PH, Beadle LD (1964) Vector studies in the St. Louis encephalitis epidemic, Tampa Bay area, Florida, 1962. Am J Trop Med Hyg 13: 456-461
Chandler JA, Boreham PFL, Highton RB, Hill MN (1975a) A study of the host se-lection patterns of the mosquitoes of the Kisumu area of Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 69: 415-425
Chandler JA, Highton RB, Hill MN (1975b) Mosquitoes of the Kano Plain, Kenya. I. Results of indoor collections in irrigated and nonirrigated areas us-ing human bait and light traps. J Med Entomol 12: 504-510
Chandler JA, Highton RB, Boreham PFL (1976a) Studies on some ornithophilic mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Kano Plain, Kenya. Bull Entomol Res 66: 133-143
Chandler JA, Highton RB, Hill MN (1976b) Mosquitoes of the Kano Plain, Kenya. II. Results of outdoor collections in irrigated and nonirrigated areas using human and animal bait and light traps. J Med Entomol 13: 202-207
Chaniotis BN, Anderson JR (1968) Age structure, population dynamics and vector potential of Phlebotomus in northern California. Part II. Field population dy-namics and natural flagellate infections in parous females. J Med Entomol 5: 273-292
Charlwood JD (1997) Vectorial capacity, species diversity and population cycles of anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from indoor light-trap collec-tions in a house in southeastern Tanzania. Afr Entomol 5: 93-101
Christensen HA, de Vasquez AM, Boreham MM (1996) Host-feeding patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from central Panama. Am J Trop Med Hyg 55: 202-208
Clements AN (1963) The Physiology of Mosquitoes. Pergamon Press, London
Collett GC, Graham JE, Bradley IE (1964) Relationship of mosquito light trap col-lection data to larval survey data in Salt Lake county. Mosquito News 24: 160-162
Collier BW, Solberg VB, Brown MW, Boobar LR (1992) A fabric body light trap for sampling mosquitoes. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 8: 413-415
Coluzzi M, Petrarca V (1973) Aspirator with paper cup for collecting mosquitoes and other insects. Mosquito News 33: 249-250
Cope SE, Hazelrigg JE (1989) Evaluations of trapping methods, biting behavior, and parity rates for mosquitoes—Harbor lake, Wilmington, California, U.S.A. Bull Soc Vector Ecol 14: 277-281
Corbet PS (1961) Entomological studies from a high tower in Mpanga forest, Uganda. VI. Nocturnal flight activity of Culicidae and Tabanidae as indicated by light-traps. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond 113: 301-314
Corbet PS (1964) Nocturnal flight activity of sylvan Culicidae and Tabanidae (Diptera) as indicated by light traps: a further study. Proc R Entomol Soc Lond (A) 39: 53-67
Corbet PS, Haddow AJ (1961) Observations on nocturnal flight activity in some African Culicidae (Diptera). Proc R Entomol Soc Lond (A) 36: 113-118
Costantini C, Sagnon NF, Sanogo E, Merzagora L, Coluzzi M (1998) Relationship to human biting collections and influence of light and bednet in CDC light-trap catches of West African malaria vectors. Bull Entomol Res 88: 503-511
Coz J, Hamon J, Vervent G, Sales S (1971) Contribution à l’étude du piège lu-mineux ‘C.D.C. miniature light trap’ comme moyen d’échantillonnage des populations anophèliennes dans le Sud-Ouest de la Haute-Volta. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 9: 417-430
Crawley MJ (1993) GLIM for Ecologists. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford Cummings RC (1992) Design and use of a modified Reiter gravid mosquito trap for mosquito borne encephalitis surveillance in Los Angeles County, California. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 60: 110-116
Davis JR, Hall T, Chee EM, Majala A, Minjas J, Shiff CJ (1995) Comparison of sampling anopheline mosquitoes by light-trap and human-bait collections in-doors at Bagamoyo, Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 9: 249-255
Dethier VG (1963) The Physiology of Insect Senses. Methuen & Co., London
De Waal DJ, Hewitt PH (1979) A circular approach to cyclical data. Dept Math Stat Univ Orange Free State Technical Rept No. 45
Driggers DP, O’Connor RJ, Kardatzke JT, Stup JL, Schiefer BS (1980) The U.S. army miniature solid state mosquito light trap. Mosquito News 40: 172-178
Easton ER, Coker RS, Ballinger R (1986) Occurrence and seasonal incidence of mosquitoes on Indian reservations in Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota during 1983. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2: 190-195
Ellman R, Maxwell C, Finch R, Shayo D (1998) Malaria and anaemia at different altitudes in the Muheza district of Tanzania: childhood morbidity in relation to level of exposure to infection. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 92: 741-753
Elston R, Apperson C (1977) A light-activated on-off switch for the C.D.C. light trap. J Med Entomol 14: 254-255
Evans CL, Wozniak A, McKenna B, Vaughan DR, Dowda MC (2005) Design of a mosquito trap support pole for use with CDC miniature light traps. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 21: 114-116
Faye O, Diallo S, Gaye O, Ndir O, Faye O (1992) Efficacité comparée de l’utilisation des pièges lumineux du type CDC et des sujets humains pour l’échantillonnage des populations anophéliennes. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 85: 185-189
Floor TG, Grothaus RH (1971) Conversion of the New Jersey light trap for col-lecting live mosquitoes in Da Nang, Vietnam. Mosquito News 31: 221-222
Flores-Mendoza C, Lourenco-de-Oliveira R (1996) Bionomics of Anopheles aq-uasalis Curry 1932, in Guarai, State of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil - I. Seasonal distribution and parity rates. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 91: 265-270
Foley DH, Bryan JH (1991) Anopheles annulipes Walker (Diptera: Culicidae) at Griffith, New South Wales. 2. Biology and behaviour of two sibling species. J Aust Entomol Soc 30: 113-118
Fontenille D, Rakotoarivony I (1988) Reappearance of Anopheles funestus as a malaria vector in the Antananarivo region, Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 644-645
Forattini OP, Gomes A de C, Natal D, Kakitani I, Marucci D (1987) Preferências alimentares de mosquitoes Culicidae no Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brazil, Rev Saúde Pública 21: 171-187
Fox I (1958) The mosquitoes of the international airport, isla verde, Puerto Rico, as shown by light traps. Mosquito News 18: 117-124
Fox I, Capriles JM (1952) Light trap studies on mosquitoes and Culicoides in western Puerto Rico. Mosquito News 13: 165-166
Frommer RL, Schiefer BA, Vavra RW (1976) Comparative effects of CO2 flow rates using modified CDC light traps on trapping adult black flies (Simuliidae; Diptera). Mosquito News 36: 355-358
Frost SW (1952) Light traps for insect collection, survey and control. Bull Agric Exp Stn Pennsylvania 550
Frost SW (1964) Killing agents and containers for use with insect light traps. En-tomol News 75: 163-166
Garrett-Jones C, Magayuka S (1975) Studies on the natural incidence of Plasmodium and Wuchereria infections in Anopheles in rural East Africa: I—Assessment of densities by trapping hungry female Anopheles gambiae Giles; species A. WHO/MAL 75.851 & WHO/VBC 75.541 17 pp. (mimeographed)
Gibb PA, Anderson TJC, Dye C (1988) Are nulliparous sandflies light-shy? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 342-343
Gillies MT, Wilkes TJ (1978) The effect of high fences on the dispersal of some West African mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Bull Entomol Res 68: 401-408
Ginsberg HS (1986) Dispersal patterns of Aedes sollicitans (Diptera: Culicidae) at the east end of the fire island national seashore, New York, USA. J Med Entomol 23: 146-155
Ginsberg HS (1988) Survivorship of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) captured in CDC miniature light traps. Proc Ann Mtg New Jers Mosq Control Assoc 75: 86-92
Githeko AK, Service MW, Mbogo CM, Atieli FA, Juma FO (1994) Sampling Anopheles arabiensis, A. gambiae sensu lato and A. funestus (Diptera: Culici-dae) with CDC light-traps near a rice irrigation area and a sugarcane belt in western Kenya. Bull Entomol Res 84: 319-324
Gjullin CM, Brandl DG (1978) An automatic chemosterilizing insect light trap. J Med Entomol 14: 585-588
Gjullin CM, Brandl DG, O’Grady JJ (1973) The effect of colored lights and other factors on the numbers of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, C. tarsalis and Aedes sierrensis entering light traps. Mosquito News 33: 67-71
Goldsmith TH (1964) The visual system in insects. In Rockstein M (ed) The Physiology of Insecta, Vol. 1. Academic Press, London, pp. 397-462
Gomes A de C, Rabello EX, Natal D (1985) Uma nova cãmara coletora para ar-madilha CDC-miniatura. Rev Saúde Pública 19: 190-191
Gordon SW, Tammeriello RF, Linthicum KJ, Wirtz RA, Digoutte JP (1991) Feed-ing patterns of mosquitoes collected in the Senegal river basin. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 7: 424-432
Graham JE, Bradley IE (1961) An evaluation of some techniques used to measure mosquito populations. Proc Utah Acad Sci Arts Letters 39: 77-83
Green CH, Cosens D (1983) Spectral response of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans. J Insect Physiol 29: 795-800
Grothaus RH, Jackson SC (1972) A new bottom-draft light trap for mosquito stud-ies. Mosquito News 32: 634-635
Gunasekaran K, Jambulingam P, Sadanandane C, Sahu SS, Das PK (1994) Reli-ability of light trap sampling for Anopheles fluviatilis, a vector of malaria. Acta Trop 58: 1-11
Hacker CS, Scott DW, Thompson JR (1973a) Time series analysis of mosquito populations. J Med Entomol 10: 533-543
Hacker CS, Scott DW, Thompson JR (1973b) A forecasting model for mosquito population densities. J Med Entomol 10: 544-551
Hacker CS, Scott DW, Thompson JR (1975) A transfer function forecasting model for mosquito populations. Can Entomol 107: 243-249
Hamon J, Sales S, Gayral P (1969) Evaluation de L’efficacité des Pièges Lumineux C.D.C. pour L’échantillonnage des Populations des Moustiques dans le Sud-ouest de la Haute-Volta, Afrique Occidentale. I. Evaluation des Pièges á L’interieur des Habitations.’ OCCGE Centre Muraz, Lab Entomol No. 18/Ent./69 (mimeographed)
Han-Il Ree, Ui-Wook Hwang, In-Yong Lee, Tae-Eun Kim (2001) Daily survival and human blood index of Anopheles sinensis, the vector species of malaria in Korea. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 17: 67-72
Hanson JC (1959) A new insect killing container for use with the American mos-quito light trap. California Vector Views 6: 85-87
Harcourt DG, Cass LM (1958) A controlled-interval light trap for microlepidop-tera. Can Entomol 90: 617-622
Haufe WO, Burgess L (1960) Design and efficiency of mosquito traps based on visual response to patterns. Can Entomol 92: 124-140
Headlee TJ (1922) The problem of evaluating mosquito density and the advan-tages to be realised from its solution. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 9: 48-56
Headlee TJ (1937) Some facts underlying the attraction of mosquitoes to sources of radiant energy. J Econ Entomol 30: 309-312
Hemmings RJ (1959) Observations on the operation of mosquito light traps with a cylindrical vertical screen. Mosquito News 19: 101
Hendricks DE (1985) Portable electronic detector system used with inverted-cone sex pheromone traps to determine periodicity and moth captures. Environ Entomol 14: 199-204
Herbert EW, Meyer RP, Tubes PG (1972) A comparison of mosquito catches with CDC light traps and CO2-baited traps in the republic of Vietnam. Mosquito News 32: 212-214
Hewitt PH, van der Linde TG de K, van Pletzen R, Kok DJ, Fourie S, Mostert DJ, Nel A (1982) Temporal fluctuations in the numbers of female mosquitoes trapped at a state in the western Orange Free State. J Entomol Soc Sthn Afr 45: 69-92
Hii J, Chin KF, MacDonald M, Vun YS (1986) The use of CDC light traps for ma-lariometric entomology surveys in Sabah, Malaysia. Trop Biomed 3: 39-48
Hii JLK, Birley MH, Kanai L, Foligeli A, Wagner J (1995) Comparative effects of permethrin-impregnated bednets and DDT house spraying on survival rates and oviposition interval of Anopheles farauti No. 1 (Diptera: Culicidae) in Solomon Islands. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 89: 521-529
Hii JLK, Smith T, Mai A, Ibam E, Alpers MP (2000) Comparison between anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) caught using different methods in a malria endemic area of Papua New Guinea. Bull Entomol Res 90: 211-219
Highton RB (1981) The evaluation of CDC light traps and human bait collections for sampling Anopheles arabiensis Patton. M.Sc. thesis, University of Liverpool Hill MN (1970) Japanese encephalitis in Sarawak: studies on adult mosquito populations. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 64: 489-496
Hill RL (1977) Lamps for light-trapping. N.Z. Entomol 6: 314-315
Hollingsworth JP, Hartstack AW, Lindquist DA (1968) Influence of near-ultra-violet output of attractant lamps on catches of insects by light traps. J Econ Entomol 61: 515-521
Holub RE (1983) Modification of New Jersey light trap for multiple sample col-lection. Mosquito News 43: 241-242
Horsfall WR (1943) Some responses of the malaria mosquito to light. Ann Ento-mol Soc Am 36: 41-45
Horsfall WR (1962) Trap for separating collections of insects by interval. J Econ Entomol 55: 808-811
Hu SMK, Grayston JT (1962) Encephalitis on Taiwan. II. Mosquito collection and bionomic studies. Am J Trop Med 11: 131-140
Huffaker CB, Back RC (1943) A study of methods of sampling mosquito popula-tions. J Econ Entomol 36: 561-569
Hurlbut HS, Weitz B (1956) Some observations on the bionomics of the common mosquitoes of the Nile Delta. Am J Trop Med Hyg 5: 901-908
Husbands RC, Reed DE (1970) A comparison of larval mosquito species occur-rence and light trap data. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 37: 101-108
Hutchins RE (1940) Insect activity at a light trap during various periods of the night. J Econ Entomol 33: 654-657
Ikeuchi M (1967) Ecological studies on mosquitoes collected by light traps. Trop Med 9: 186-200
Ikeuchi M (1970) Observations on the physiological age of Culex tritaeniorhyn-chus collected by light traps. Jap J Sanit Zool 21: 209-212 (In Japanese, Eng-lish summary)
Ishii T (1970) Seasonal abundance of mosquitoes in Kyoto prefecture in 1969. Ann Rep Kyoto Pref Inst Public Health 15: 1-18 (In Japanese)
shii T (1971a) Seasonal prevalence of several species of mosquitoes caught in one light trap. Ann Rep Kyoto Pref Inst Public Health 16: 51-54 (In Japanese, English summary)
Ishii T (1971b) Mosquito abundance surveyed with light trap: a comparison of op-eration for various numbers of nights a week (preliminary report). Ann Rep Kyoto Pref Inst Public Health 16: 55-62 (In Japanese, English summary)
Ishii T (1971c) Mosquito abundance surveyed with light trap: A comparison of operation for various numbers of nights a week (preliminary report). Ann Rep Kyoto Pref Inst Public Health 16: 55-61
Ismail IAH, Pinichpongse S, Chitprarop V, Prasittisuk C, Schepens J (1982) Trials with CDC and Monks Wood light-traps for sampling malaria vectors in Thailand. WHO/VBC/82,864, 7 pp. (mimeographed)
Itô S (1964) Collection of mosquitoes by light traps at four stations of Nagasaki city. Endem Dis Bull Nagasaki Univ 6: 231-241
Jaenson TGT, Niklasson B, Henriksson B (1986) Seasonal activity of mosquitoes in an Ockelbo disease endemic area in central Sweden. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2: 18-28
Janousek TE, Olson JK (1994) Effect of a lunar eclipse on the flight activity of mosquitoes in the upper Gulf coast of Texas. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 10: 222-224
Jewell D (1981) A security modification for the ‘American model’ mosquito light trap. Mosquito News 41: 183-184
Johnson BK, Gichogo A, Gitau G, Patel N, Ademba G, Kirui R, Highton RB, Smith DA (1981) Recovery of O’nyong-nyong virus from Anopheles funestus in western Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 75: 239-241
Johnson CG (1950) A suction trap for small airborne insects which automatically segregates the catch into successive hourly samples. Ann Appl Biol 37: 80-91
Johnston JG, Weaver JW, Sudia WD (1973) Flashlight batteries as a power source for CDC miniature light traps. Mosquito News 33: 190-194
Jones RE, Barker-Hudson P, Kay BH (1991) Comparison of dry ice baited light traps with human bait collections for surveillance of mosquitoes in northern Queens-land, Australia. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 7: 387-394
Jupp PG, McIntosh BM, Anderson D (1976) Culex (Eumelanomyia) rubinotus Theobald as vector of Banzi. Germiston and Witwatersrand viruses. IV. Ob-servations on the biology of C. rubinotus. J Med Entomol 12: 647-651
Jupp PG, McIntosh BM, Nevill EM (1980) A survey of the mosquito and Culi-coides faunas at two localities in the Karoo region of South Africa with some observations on bionomics. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 47: 1-6
Kalmus H (1958) Responses of insects to polarized light in the presence of dark reflecting surfaces. Nature 157: 512
Kim HC, Lee KW, Richards RS, Schleich SS, Herman WE, Klein TA (2003a) Seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes collected from light traps in Korea (1999-2000). Korean J Entomol 33: 9-16
Kim HC, Friendly OS, Pike JG, Schuster AL, O’Guinn ML, Klein TA (2003) Sea-sonal prevalence of mosquitoes collected from light traps in the Republic of Korea, 2001. Korean J Entomol 33: 189-199
Kimsey RB, Chaniotis BN (1984) A light trap for biting Nematocera in moist en-vironments. Mosquito News 44: 408-412, and correction slip, J Am Mosq Control Assoc (1985) 1: 114
King EW, Pless CD, Reed JK (1965) An automatic sample-changing device for light-trap collecting. J Econ Entomol 58: 170-172
Kitaoka S, Itô K (1964) Attractiveness of black light to biting midges and mosqui-toes. Jap J Sanit Zool 15: 208-209 (In Japanese, English summary)
Kovrov BG, Monchadskiy AS (1963) The possibility of using polarized light to attract insects. Entomol Rev Wash 42: 25-28
Kuiper GP (1938) The magnitude of the sun, the stellar temperature scale, and bolometric corrections. Astrophys J 88: 429-471
Lafferty AL, Murphy R (1948) An automatic device for changing daily the collec-tion receptacle on mechanical mosquito traps. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 35: 88-89
Lang JT (1984) Intermittent light as a mosquito attractant in New Jersey light traps. Mosquito News 44: 217-220
LaSalle MW, Dakin ME (1982) Dispersal of Culex salinarius in southwestern Louisiana. Mosquito News 42: 543-550
Lewis LA, Teller LW (1967) The use of fluorescent tubes in a modified New Jersey light trap. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 54: 163-170
Lindsay SW, Wilkins HA, Zieler HA, Daly RJ, Petrarca V, Byass P (1991) Ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to transmit malaria during the dry and wet seasons in an area of irrigated rice cultivation in The Gambia. J Trop Med Hyg 94: 313-324
Lines JD, Curtis CF, Wilkes TJ, Njunwa KJ (1991) Monitoring human-bait mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Tanzania with light-traps hung beside mosquito nets. Bull Entomol Res 81: 77-84
Linley JR, Evans FDS (1968) A simple device to aid time-lapse studies with in-sects. Ann Entomol Soc Am 61: 775-777
Linthicum KJ, Bailey CL, Davies FG, Kairo A (1985) Observations on the disper-sal and survival of a population of Aedes lineatopennis (Ludlow) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Kenya. Bull Entomol Res 75: 661-670
Lloyd JE, Pennington RG (1976) Mosquitoes collected in a CO2-baited CDC miniature light trap and a bovine-baited trap in Wyoming. Mosquito News 36: 457-459
Loomis EC (1959a) Selective response of Aedes nigromaculis (Ludlow) to the Minnesota light trap. Mosquito News 19: 260-263
Loomis EC (1959b) A method for more accurate determination of air volume dis-placement of light traps. J Econ Entomol 52: 343-345
Loomis EC, Hanks SG (1959) Light trap indices of mosquito abundance: a com-parison of operation for four and seven nights a week. Mosquito News 19: 168-171
Love GJ, Platt RB, Goodwin MH (1963). Observations on the spatial distribution of mosquitoes in south-western Georgia. Mosquito News 23: 13-22
Ludueña Almeida FF, Gorla DE (1995) Daily pattern of flight activity of Aedes albifasciatus in central Argentina. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 90: 639-644
MacCreary D (1941) Comparative density of mosquitoes at ground level and at an elevation of approximately one hundred feet. J Econ Entomol 34: 174-179
Magy HI, Work TH, Thomas CV (1976) A reassessment of Culex pipiens as a po-tential St Louis encephalitis vector in Imperial county. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 44: 41-45
Main AJ, Tonn RJ, Randall EJ, Anderson KS (1966) Mosquito densities at heights of five and twenty-five feet in southeastern Massachusetts. Mosquito News 26: 243-248
Main AJ, Brown SE, Wallis RC (1979) Arbovirus surveillance in Connecticut, II. California serogroup. Mosquito News 39: 552-559
Malainual A, Chansang C, Thavara U, Phan-Urai P (1987) Time intervals and lo-cation of biting and flying activities of JE vectors. Bull Dept Med Sci 29: 103-111 (In Thai, English summary)
Matsumoto BM, Maxfield HK (1985) A comparison of female Culiseta melanura captured in New Jersey and CDC light traps in southern Massachusetts. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1: 90-92
Maxwell CA, Curtis CF, Haji H, Kisumku S, Thalib AI, Yahya SA (1990) Control of bancroftian filariasis by integrating therapy with vector control using poly-styrene beads in wet pit latrines. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84: 709-714
Mboera LEG, Kihonda J, Braks MAH, Knols BGJ (1998) Influence of Centers for Disease Control light trap position, relative to a human-baited bed net, on catches of Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus in Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 595-596
Mbogo CNM, Glass GE, Forster D, Kabiru EW, Githure JI, Ouma JH, Beier JC (1993) Evaluation of light traps for sampling anopheline mosquitoes in Kilfi, Kenya. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 9: 260-263
McDonald G (1980) Population studies of Culex annulirostris Skuse and other mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) at Mildura in the Murray Valley of southern Australia. J Aust Ent Soc 19: 37-40
McDonald JL (1970) A simple, inexpensive alcohol light trap for collecting Culi-coides. Mosquito News 30: 652-654
McDonald JL, Savage LB (1973) Seasonal abundance of mosquito larval counts and adult light trap catches in Okinawa. Mosquito News 33: 105-107
McDonald JL, Granger J, Olton GS (1974) A mosquito light-trap stabilizer. Mos-quito News 34: 234
McDonald WA, Naseir A, Fulmer AC, Ryan JM (1964) DDVP as a killing agent in New Jersey light trap. Mosquito News 24: 225
McGeachie WJ (1988) A remote sensing method for the estimation of light-trap efficiency. Bull Entomol Res 78: 379-385
McGeachie WJ (1989) The effects of moonlight illuminance, temperature and wind-speed on light-trap catches of moths. Bull Entomol Res 79: 185-192
McLaughlin RE, Focks DA (1990) Effects of cattle density on New Jersey light trap mosquito captures in the rice/cattle agroecosystem of southwestern Louisiana. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 6: 283-286
Meyer RP, Washino RK, McKenzie TL, Fukushima CK (1984) Comparison of three methods for collecting adult mosquitoes associated with rice field irri-gated pasture habitats in northern California. Mosquito News 44: 315-320
Meyer RP, Reisen WK, Eberle MW, Milby MM, Martinez VM, Hill BR (1984) A time segregated sampling device for determining nightly host-seeking pat-terns. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 52: 162-166
Meyers EG (1959) Mosquito collections by light traps at various heights above ground. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 27: 61-63
Milby MM, Reeves WC (1986) Changes in the relative abundance of Aedes nigromaculis, Aedes melanimon and Culex tarsalis in the central valley of California. Proc Conf California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 54: 96-100
Milby MM, Reeves WC (1989) Comparison of New Jersey light-traps and CO2-baited traps in urban and rural areas. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 57: 73-79
Milby MM, Kauffman EE, Harvey JF (1978) Conversion of CDC light trap indices to New Jersey light trap indices for several species of Californian mosquitoes. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 46: 58-60
Miller TA, Stryker RG, Wilkinson RN, Esah S (1969) Notes on the use of CO2-baited CDC miniature light traps for mosquito surveillance in Thailand. Mos-quito News 29: 688-689
Miller TA, Stryker RG, Wilkinson RN, Esah S (1970) The influence of moonlight and other environmental factors on the abundance of certain mosquito species in light-trap collections in Thailand. J Med Entomol 7: 555-561
Miller TA, Stryker RG, Wilkinson RN, Esah S (1977) The influence of time and frequency of collection on the abundance of certain mosquito species in light-trap collections in Thailand. J Med Entomol 14: 60-63
Mitchell L (1982) Time-segregated mosquito collections with a CDC miniature light trap. Mosquito News 42: 12-18
Mitchell L, Rockett CL (1979) Vertical stratification preferences of adult female mosquitoes in a sylvan habitat (Diptera: Culicidae). Great Lakes Entomol 12: 219-223
Moore A, Miller JR, Tabashnik BE, Gage SH (1986) Automated identification of flying insects by analysis of wingbeat frequencies. J Econ Entomol 79: 1703-1706
Mulhern TD (1934) A new development in mosquito traps. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 21: 137-140
Mulhern TD (1942) New Jersey Mechanical Trap for Mosquito Surveys. New Jers Agric Exp Stn Circ 421
Mulhern TD (1953a) Better results with mosquito light traps through standardiz-ing mechanical performance. Mosquito News 13: 130-133
Mulhern TD (1953b) The use of mechanical traps in measuring mosquito popula-tions. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 21: 64-66
Mulligan FS, Schaefer CH (1982) A physical barrier for controlling mosquitoes which breed in urban storm drains. Mosquito News 42: 360-365
Murphey FJ, Darsie RF (1962) A mechanical aspirator for collecting adult mos-quitoes. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 49: 115-117
Murphy MW, Dunton RF, Perich MJ, Rowley WA (2001) Attraction of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) to volatile chemicals in western Kenya. J Med Entomol 38: 242-244
Nagel RH, Granovsky PA (1947) A turntable light trap for taking insects over regulated periods. J Econ Entomol 40: 583-586
Nasci RS, Edman JD (1981) Vertical and temporal flight activity of the mosquito Culiseta melanura (Diptera: Culicidae) in southwestern Massachusetts. J Med Entomol 18: 501-504
Natuhara Y, Takagi M, Maruyama K, Sugiyama A (1991) Monitoring Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in cow sheds by in situ counting. J Med Entomol 28: 551-552
Neeru Singh, Mishra AK, Curtis CF, Sharma VP (1996) Influence of moonlight on light-trap catches of the malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies (Diptera: Culicidae) in central India. Bull Entomol Res 86: 475-479
Nelson RL, Milby MM, Reeves WC, Fine PE (1978) Estimates of survival, population size, and emergence of Culex tarsalis at an isolated site. Ann Entomol Soc Am 71: 801-808
Nielsen ET, Nielsen AT (1953) Field observations on the habits of Aedes taenio-rhynchus. Ecology 34: 141-156
Nielsen SA, Siewertz-Poulsen KE, Nielsen BO (1980) A time-sorting insect light-trap. Entomol Meddr 48: 29-32
Odetoyinbo JA (1969) Preliminary investigation on the use of a light-trap for sampling malaria vectors in The Gambia. Bull World Health Organ 40: 547-560
Olson JG, Reeves WC, Emmons RW, Milby MM (1979) Correlation of Culex tar-salis population indices with the incidence of St. Louis encephalitis and west-ern equine encephalomyelitis in California. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28: 335-343
Olson JG, Atmosoedjono S, Lee VH, Ksiazek TG (1983) Correlation between population indices of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. gelidus (Diptera: Culi-cidae) and rainfall in Kapuk, Indonesia. J Med Entomol 20: 108-109
Olson JK, Elbel RE, Smart KI (1968) Mosquito collections by CDC miniature light traps and livestock-baited stable traps at Callao, Utah. Mosquito News 28: 512-516
Onishi A (1959) Influence of moonlight on mosquito collection with the light trap. Shikoku Acta Med 15: 1993-1998 (In Japanese, English summary)
Pagac BB, Turell MJ, Olsen GH (1992) Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus and Culiseta melanura activity at the Patuxent wildlife research center, 1985-90. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 8: 328-330
Pajot F-X, Le Pont F, Molez J-F (1977) Utilisation des pièges lumineux “C.D.C. miniature light trap” comme moyen d’énchantillonnage des populations ano-phèlienes dans une village du littoral de la Guyane françiase. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 15: 233-240
Parsons RE, Champion E, Wilson F (1981) An inexpensive support rod for the CDC light trap collecting bag. Mosquito News 41: 796-797
Payne CD (1987) The GLIM System Release 3.77 Manual. 2nd ed. Numerical Al-gorithms Group Ltd, Oxford
Pennnington NE (1967) Comparison of DDVP and cyanide as killing agents in mosquito light traps. J Med Entomol 4: 518
Perich MJ, Tidwell MA, Dobson SE, Sardelis MR, Zaglul A, Williams DC (1993) Barrier spraying to control the malaria vector Anopheles albimanus: labora-tory and field evaluation in the Dominican Republic. Med Vet Entomol 7: 363-368
Pfuntner AR (1979) A modified CO2-baited miniature surveillance trap. Bull Soc Vector Ecol 4: 31-35
Philogène BJ (1982) Experiments with artificial light: necessity for properly identifying the source. Can Entomol 114: 377-379
Pickens LG (1991) Colorimetric versus behavioral studies of face fly (Diptera: Muscidae) vision. Environ Entomol 19: 1242-1252
Pickens LG, Carroll JF, Azad AF (1987) Electrophysiological studies of the spectral sensitivities of cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, and oriental rat fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis to monochromatic light. Entomol Exp Appl 45: 193-204
Pincus S (1938) Mosquito control in greater New York. Proc New Jers Mosq Ex-term Assoc 25: 115-121
Pippin WF (1965) Notes on the operation of a light trap in central Luzon, Philip-pine islands. Mosquito News 25: 183-187
Platt RB, Love GJ, Williams EL (1958) A positive correlation between relative humidity and the distribution and abundance of Aedes vexans. Ecology 39: 167-169
Porter CH, Gojmerac WL (1970) Temperature; its influence on light trap catches of Aedes vexans (Meigen). Mosquito News 30: 54-56
Pratt HD (1944) Studies on the comparative attractiveness of 25-, 50- and 100-watt bulbs for Puerto Rican Anopheles. Mosquito News 4: 17-18
Pratt HD (1948) Influence of the moon on light trap collections of Anopheles al-bimanus in Puerto Rico. J Natn Malar Soc 7: 212-220
Preiss FJ, Barefoot HL, Stryker RG, Young WW (1970) Effectiveness of DDVP as a killing agent in mosquito killing jars. Mosquito News 30: 417-419
Pritchard AE, Pratt HD (1944) I. A comparison of light trap and animal trap anopheline mosquito collections in Puerto Rico. II. A list of the mosquitoes of Puerto Rico. Public Health Rep Wash 59: 221-233
Provost MW (1952) The dispersal of Aedes taeniorhynchus. I. Preliminary studies. Mosquito News 12: 174-190
Provost MW (1957) The dispersal of Aedes taeniorhynchus. II. The second ex-periment. Mosquito News 17: 233-247
Provost MW (1958) Mating and Swarming in Psorophora Mosquitoes. Proc Int Congr Entomol Xth (1956), Vol. 2, 553-561
Provost MW (1959) The influence of moonlight on light-trap catches of mosqui-toes. Ann Entomol Soc Am 52: 261-271
Ree HI, Self LS, Hong HK, Lee KW (1973) Mosquito light trap surveys in Korea 1969-1971. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 4: 382-386
Reeves WC (1968) A review of the development associated with the control of western equine and St. Louis encephalitis in California during 1967. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 36: 65-70
Reisen WK, Pfuntner AR (1987) Effectiveness of five methods for sampling adult Culex mosquitoes in rural and urban habitats in San Bernardino county, California. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 3: 601-606
Reisen WK, Milby MM, Meyer RP, Reeves WC (1983) Population ecology of Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) in a foothill environment in Kern county, California: Temporal changes in male relative abundance and swarming behavior. Ann Entomol Soc Am 76: 809-815
Reisen WK, Lothrop HD, Meyer RP (1997) Time of host-seeking by Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) in California. J Med Entomol 34: 430-437
Reisen WK, Boyce K, Cummings RC, Delgado O, Gutierrez A, Meyer RP, Scott TW (1999) Comparative effectiveness of three adult mosquito sampling methods in habitats representative of four different biomes of California. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 15: 24-31
Reisen WK, Eldridge BF, Scott TW, Gutierrez A, Takahashi R, Lorenzen K, DeBenedictis J, Boyce K, Swartzell R (2002) Comparison of dry ice-baited Centers for Disease Control and New Jersey light traps for measuring mos-quito abundance in California. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 18: 158-163
Reiter P (1983) A portable, battery-powered trap for collecting gravid Culex mos-quitoes. Mosquito News 43: 496-498
Reiter P (1987) A revised version of the CDC gravid mosquito trap. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 3: 325-327
Ribbands CR (1945) Moonlight and house-haunting habits of female Anopheles in West Africa. Bull Entomol Res 36: 395-415
Roberts FC, Conner GE (1979) Use of a mathematical model to predict levels of adult Culex pipiens in Almeda county. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 47: 114-115
Roberts RH (1965) A steer-baited trap for sampling insects affecting cattle. Mos-quito News 25: 281-285
Robinson HS, Robinson PJM (1950) Some notes on the observed behaviour of Lepidoptera in flight in the vicinity of light-sources together with a descrip-tion of a light-trap designed to take entomological samples. Entomol Gaz 1: 3-20
Rodriguez AD, Rodriguez MH, Hernandez JE, Dister SW, Beck LR, Rejmankova E, Roberts DR (1996) Landscape surrounding human settlements and Anophe-les albimanus (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in southern Chiapas, Mexico. J Med Entomol 33: 39-48
Roeder KD (1953) Insect Physiology. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Rohe DL, Fall RP (1979) A miniature battery powered CO2 baited light trap for mosquito borne encephalitis surveillance. Bull Soc Vector Ecol 4: 24-27
Ross D, Service MW (1979) A modified Monks Wood light trap incorporating a flashing light. Mosquito News 39: 610-616
Rubio-Palis Y (1992) Influence of moonlight on light trap catches of the malaria vector Anopheles nuneztovari in Venezuela. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 8: 178-180
Rubio-Palis Y, Curtis CF (1992) Evaluation of different methods of catching anopheline mosquitoes in western Venezuela. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 8: 261-267
Rudolfs W (1922) Chemotropism of mosquitoes. Bull New Jers Agric Exp Stn No. 367, 4
Rupp HR, Jobbins DM (1969) Equipment for mosquito surveys: two recent devel-opments. Proc New Jers Mosq Exterm Assoc 56: 183-188
Ryan PA, Martin L, Mackenzie JS, Kay BH (1997) Investigation of gray-headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus) (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae) and mosquitoes in the ecology of Ross River virus in Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 57: 476-482
Sadanandane C, Jambulingam P, Subramanian S (2004) Role of modified CDC miniature light-traps as an alternative method for sampling adult anophelines (Diptera: Culicidae) in the National Mosquito Surveillance Programme in India. Bull Entomol Res 94: 55-63
Sandoski CA, Meisch MV, Case DA, Olson JK (1983) Effects of collection and handling techniques on riceland mosquitoes used in laboratory and field insec-ticide susceptibility tests. Mosquito News 43: 445-448
Santos De Marco T, Gaia MC de M, Brazil RP (2002) Influence of the lunar cycle on the activity of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Am Mosq Control Assoc 18: 114-118
Self LS, Shin HK, Kim KH, Lee KW, Chow CY, Hong HK (1973) Ecological studies on Culex tritaeniorhynchus as a vector of Japanese encephalitis. Bull World Health Organ 49: 41-47
Self LS, Usman S, Nelson MJ, Saroso JS, Pant CP, Fanara DM (1976) Ecological studies on vectors of malaria, Japanese encephalitis and filariasis in rural areas of West Java. Bull Penel Keseh Health Std Indonesia 4: 41-55
Service MW (1969) The use of traps in sampling mosquito populations. Entomol Exp Appl 12: 403-412
Service MW (1970) A battery-operated light-trap for sampling mosquito popula-tions, Bull World Health Organ 43: 635-641
Service MW (1971) Flight periodicities and vertical distribution of Aedes cantans (Mg.), Ae. geniculatus (Ol.), Anopheles plumbeus Steph. and Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern England. Bull Entomol Res 61: 639-651
Service MW (1976) Contribution to the knowledge of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culi-cidae) of Gabon. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 14: 259-263
Service MW (1979) Light trap collections of ovipositing Simulium squamosum in Ghana. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 73: 487-490
Service MW (1993) Mosquito Ecology. Field Sampling Methods. 2nd ed. Chapman & Hall, London
Service MW, Boorman JPT (1965) An appraisal of adult mosquito trapping tech-niques used in Nigeria, West Africa. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd 3 & 4: 27-33
Service MW, Highton RB (1980) A chemical light trap for mosquitoes and other biting insects. J Med Entomol 17: 183-185
Sexton JD, Hobbs JH, St. JeanYJacquesJR (1986) Comparison of an experi-mental updraft ultraviolet light trap with the CDC miniature light trap and bit-ing collections in sampling for Anopheles albimanus in Haiti. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2: 168-173
Shidrawi GR, Clarke JL, Boulzaguet JR (1973) Assessment of the CDC miniature light trap for sampling malaria vectors in Garki district, northern Nigeria. World Health Organization. Technical Note, No. 11, MPD/TN/73.1, 44-9 (mimeographed)
Shiff CJ, Minjas JN, Hall T, Hunt RH, Lyimo S, Davis JR (1995) Malaria infection potential of anopheline mosquitoes sampled by light trapping indoors in coastal Tanzanian villages. Med Vet Entomol 9: 256-262
Sholdt LL, Neri P, Seibert DJ (1974) Flashlight body and timer unit for powering CDC light traps. Mosquito News 34: 237-238
Siddorn JW, Brown ES (1971) A Robinson light trap modified for segregating samples at predetermined time intervals, with notes on the effect of moonlight on the periodicity of catching insects. J Appl Ecol 8: 69-75
Silvain J-F, Pajot F-X (1981) Écologie d’Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) aquasalis Curry, 1932 en Guyane Française. 1. Dynamique des populations imaginales. Caractérisation des gîtes larvaires. Cah ORSTOM sér Entomol Méd Parasitol 19: 11-21
Simsek FM (2004) Seasonal larval and adult population dynamics and breeding habitat diversity of Culex theileri Theobald, 1903 (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Golbasi District, Ankara, Turkey. Turkish J Zool 28: 337-344
Singh N, Mishra AK, Singh OP (1993) Preliminary observations on mosquito col-lections by light traps in tribal villages of Madhya Pradesh. Indian J Malariol 30: 103-107
Siverly RE, DeFoliart GR (1968) Mosquito studies in Northern Wisconsin II. Light trapping studies. Mosquito News 28: 162-167
Smith T (1995) Proportionality between light trap catches and biting densities of malaria vectors. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 11: 377-378
Somboon P, Choochote W, Khamboonruang C, Keha P, Suwanphanit P, Sukonta-san K, Chaivong P (1989) Studies on the Japanese encephalitis vectors in Amphoe Muang, Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 20: 9-17
Southwood TRE, Henderson PA (2000) Ecological Methods. 3rd ed. Blackwell Science, Oxford
Srihongse S, Grayson MA, Bosler EM (1979) California encephalitis complex virus isolations from mosquitoes collected in northeastern New York, 1976-1977. Mosquito News 39: 73-76
Srihongse S, Woodhall JP, Grayson MA, Weibel R (1980) Arboviruses in New York state: surveillance in arthropods and nonhuman vertebrates, 1972-1977. Mosquito News 40: 269-276
Standfast HA (1965) A miniature light trap which automatically segregates the catch into hourly samples. Mosquito News 25: 48-53
Strickland RE (1967) Insect suction trap for collecting segregated samples in a liquid. J Agric Engineerig Res 12: 319-321
Strickman D, Miller ME, Heung-Chul Kim, Kwan-Woo Lee (2000) Mosquito surveillance in the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea, during an outbreak of Plasmodium vivax malaria in 1996 and 1997. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 16: 100-113
Sudia WD, Chamberlain RW (1962) Battery-operated light trap, an improved model. Mosquito News 22: 126-129
Suleman M, Reisen WK, Aslamkhan M (1977) Observations on the time of attrac-tion of some Pakistan mosquitoes to light traps. Mosquito News 37: 531-533
Sun WKC (1962) A study of the seasonal succession of some medically important insects in the Taipei area. Biol Bull Tunghai Univ Taichung Taiwan 10: 1-19
Sun WKC (1964) The seasonal succession of mosquitoes in Taiwan. J Med Entomol 1: 277-284
Syms PR, Goodman LJ (1987) The effect of flickering U-V light output on the attractiveness of an insect electrocutor trap to the house-fly. Musca domestica. Entomol Exp Appl 43: 81-85
Takagi M, Tsuda Y, Wada Y, Takafuji A (1995) Decrease of vector mosquitoes of bancroftian filariasis in a village on Fukue island, Nagasaki, southwestern apan. Trop Med (Nagasaki) 37: 159-163
Tarry DW, Kirkwood AC, Herbert VCN (1971) The response to ‘black-light’ ra-diation of some common flies of economic importance. Entomol Exp Appl 14: 23-29
Taylor J, Padgham DE, Perfect TJ (1982) A light-trap with upwardly directed illumi-nation and temporal segregation of the catch. Bull Entomol Res 72: 669-673
Taylor LR (1951) An improved suction trap for insects. Ann Appl Biol 38: 582-591
Taylor LR, Brown ES (1972) Effects of light-trap design and illumination on samples of moths in the Kenya highlands. Bull Entomol Res 62: 91-112
Taylor RT, Solis M, Weathers DB, Taylor JW (1975) A prospective study of the effects of ultralow (ULV) aerial applications of malathion on epidemic Plas-modium falciparum malaria. II. Entomologic and operational aspects. Am J Trop Med Hyg 24: 188-193
Thomas A, Spiegelhalter DJ, Gilks WR (1992) BUGS: a program to perform Bayesian inference using Gibbs sampling. In: Bernardo JM, Berger JO, David AP, Smith AFM (eds) Bayesian Statistics Volume 4. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 837-842
Thonnon J, Spiegel A, Diallo M, Sylla R, Fall A, Mondo M, Fontenille D (1998) Yellow fever outbreak in Kaffrine, Senegal 1996: epidemiological and ento-mological findings. Trop Med Int Health 3: 872-877
Thonnon J, Spiegel A, Diallo M, Diallo A, Fontenille D (1999) Epidémies à virus Chikungunya en 1996 et 1997 au Sénégal. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 92: 79-82
Thurman DC, Thurman EB (1955) Report of the initial operation of a light trap in northern Thailand. Mosquito News 15: 218-224
Townes H (1962) Design for a Malaise trap. Proc Entomol Soc Wash 64: 253-262
Turner EC, Earp UF (1968) A timing device for direct current New Jersey light traps. Mosquito News 28: 75-76
Ulloa A, Rodriguez MH, Rodriguez AD, Roberts DR (1997) A comparison of two collection methods for estimating abundance and parity of Anopheles albi-manus in breeding sites and villages of southern Mexico. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 13: 238-244
Upton MS (1973a) Collecting lamps—a warning. Aust Entomol Soc News Bull 9: 17 Upton MS (1973b) Collecting lamps—a further note. Aust Entomol Soc News Bull 10: 57-58
Vaidyanathan R, Edman JD (1997a) Sampling with light traps and human bait in epidemic foci for eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in southeastern Mas-sachusetts. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 13: 348-355
Vaidyanathan R, Edman JD (1997b) Sampling methods for potential epidemic vectors of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in Massachusetts. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 13: 342-347
Van den Hurk AF, Beebe NW, Ritchie SA (1997) Responses of mosquitoes of the Anopheles farauti complex to 1-octen-3-ol and light in combination with car-bon dioxide in northern Queensland, australia. Med Vet Entomol 11: 177-180
Van Essen PHA, Kemme JA, Ritchie SA, Kay BH (1994) Differential responses of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes to octenol or light in combination with carbon dioxide in Queensland, Australia. Med Vet Entomol 8: 63-67
Vavra RW, Carestia RR, Frommer RL, Gerberg EJ (1974a) Field evaluation of al-ternative light sources as mosquito attractants in the Panama Canal zone. Mosquito News 34: 382-384
Vavra RW, Frommer RL, Carestia RR, Harding FL, Linehan DD (1974b) Field evaluation of chemical, radioactive and blinking light sources as mosquito at-tractants. Proc California Mosq Control Assoc 42: 93-95
Venables WN, Ripley BD (1994) Modern Applied Statistics with S-plus. Springer-Verlag, New York
Vervent G, Coz J (1969) Contribution à L’étude des Pièges Lumineux Comme Moyen de Capture des Anopheles. OCCGE Centre Muraz, Lab Entomol No. 482/69; 9 pp. (mimeographed)
von Frisch K (1950) Perception of polarized light by insects. Experimentia 6: 210-221
Wagner RE, Barnes MM, Ford GM (1969) A battery-operated timer and power supply for insect light traps. J Econ Entomol 62: 575-578
Walker AR, Boreham PFL (1976) Saline as a collecting medium for Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in blood feeding and other studies. Mosquito News 36: 18-20
Walters LL, Smith TA (1980) Bio-ecological studies of Culex mosquitoes in a fo-cus of western equine and St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission (New River Basin, Imperial Valley, California), I. Larval ecology and trends of adult dispersal. Mosquito News 40: 227-235
Waterman TH (1951) Polarized light and orientation by insects. Trans NY Acad Sci 14: 11-14
Webb JP, Work TH, McAndrews TP, Jacobson D (1977) A preliminary compara-tive study of Culex tarsalis and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus from the New River, Imperial Valley, California. Proc California Mosq Vector Control Assoc 45: 16-17
Wegbreit J, Reisen WK (2000) Relationships among weather, mosquito abun-dance, and encephalitis virus activity in California: Kern County 1990-98. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 16: 22-27
Wellington WG (1974) Change in mosquito flight associated with natural changes in polarized light. Can Entomol 106: 941-948
West HW, Cashman DL (1985) New Jersey light trap modification to extend bulb life. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1: 378-379
Wharton RH, Eyles DE, Warren McW (1963) The development of methods for trapping the vectors of monkey malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 57: 32-46
White EG (1964) A design for the effective killing of insects caught in light traps. N.Z. Entomol 3: 25-27
Wieser-Schimpf L, Foil LD, Holbrook FR (1991) Effect of carbon dioxide on the collection of adult Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) by a new modifica-tion of black light New Jersey light traps. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 7: 462-466
Williams CB (1935) The times of activity of certain nocturnal insects, chiefly Lepidoptera, as indicated by a light trap. Trans R Ent Soc Lond (A) 83: 523-555
Wilton DP (1975a) Mosquito collections in El Salvador with ultra-violet and CDC miniature light traps with and without dry ice. Mosquito News 35: 522-525
Wilton DP (1975b) Field evaluation of three types of light traps for collection of Anopheles albimanus Wiedeman (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol 12: 382-386
Wilton DP, Fay RW (1972a) Air flow direction and velocity in light trap design. Entomol Exp Appl 15: 377-386
Wilton DP, Fay RW (1972b) Responses of adult Anopheles stephensi to light of various wavelengths. J Med Entomol 9: 301-304
Wishart E (1999) Adult mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) and virus survey in metro-politan Melbourne and surrounding areas. Aust J Entomol 38: 310-313
Wishart E (2002) Species composition and population studies of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Mildura district in the Murray Valley of southern Australia. Aust J Entomol 41: 45-48
Wong YW, Rowley WA, Dorsey DC, Hausler WJ (1978) Surveillance of arbovi-rus activity in Iowa during 1972-1975. Mosquito News 38: 245-251
Young S, David CT, Gibson G (1987) Light measurement for entomology in the field and laboratory. Physiol Entomol 12: 373-379
Zaim M, Ershadi MRY, Manouchehri AV, Hamdi MR (1986) The use of CDC light traps and other procedures for sampling malaria vectors in southern Iran. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2: 511-515
Zhong H, Yan ZC, Jones F, Brock C (2003) Ecological analysis of mosquito light trap collections from West Central Florida. Environ Entomol 32: 807-815
Zimmerman JH, Abbassy MM, Hanafi HA, Beier JC, Dees WH (1988) Host-feeding patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a rural village near Cairo, Egypt. J Med Entomol 25: 410-412
Zyzak M, Loyless T, Cope S, Wooster M, Day JF (2002) Seasonal abundance of Culex nigripalpus Theobald and Culex salinarius Coquillett in north Florida, USA. J Vector Ecol 27: 155-162
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2008). Sampling Adults with Light-Traps. In: Mosquito Ecology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6666-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6666-5_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-6665-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-6666-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)