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The Vasculature in the Diseased Eye

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Endothelial Signaling in Development and Disease

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Abstract

The eye serves as a mirror to the body vasculature. Changes in the retinal vasculature translate into the prediction of risk from cardiovascular disease. The mammalian retinal vasculature is the most widely used tissue to study physiological angiogenesis. Thus, the retinal vasculature plays a particular role in research linking various fields of expertise. Diabetic retinopathy is often cited as the paradigm for an angiogenic disease. However, there is much more to the diabetic eye, as the disease characteristics need to be considered to understand commonalities and differences f.e. to tumor angiogenesis. Primarily. diabetic retinopathy is vasoregressive in nature. Progressive capillary dropout drives sight-threatening proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema by inflaming a hypoxic response. Although there is no animal model that qualitatively and quantitatively mimicks advanced human eye disease, they reflect the complex hyperglycemia-driven interaction of the neurovascular unit better than any in vitro systems. Downstream of high ambient glucose, multiple biochemical abnormalities exist which affect not only vascular cells of the capillary network but the entire neurovascular unit. Novel concepts that arise from tumor research can be useful to limit the neovascular of permeability-enhancing response to hypoxia in the diabetic retina.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 5th Medical Department, UMM – University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany

    Hans-Peter Hammes

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  1. Hans-Peter Hammes
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Correspondence to Hans-Peter Hammes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology Building 708, 2.Floor, R2.006, Johannes Gutenberg University School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany

    Mirko HH Schmidt

  2. Institute of Neurology Building 89, 4.Floor, R402, Goethe University Frankfurt School of Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany

    Stefan Liebner

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Hammes, HP. (2015). The Vasculature in the Diseased Eye. In: Schmidt, M., Liebner, S. (eds) Endothelial Signaling in Development and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2907-8_12

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