Abstract
This chapter takes a critical look at the medical model of psychotherapy and at the struggle between this view and what is called the dynamic-relational model of psychotherapy. One could speak of an ongoing culture war in the field of psychotherapy, where some would argue that we are allocating too many resources to securing an evidence base for treatment models that we already know have more or less similar outcomes. Meanwhile, we do not devote nearly enough attention to the impact of the therapist’s personal qualities, especially his or her relational skills and stance, on the course and outcome of psychotherapy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Buchholz, M. B., & Gödde, G. (2012). Hexen und Besen und was sie fliegen macht. In G. Gödde & M. B. Buchholz (Eds.), Der Besen, mit dem die Hexe fliegt. Wissenschaft und Therapeutik des Unbewußten. Bd. 1: Psychologie als Wissenschaft der Komplementarität [The Broom with which the Witch flies. Science and Therapeutics of the Unconscious. Vol. 1: Psychology as a science of complementarity] (pp. 9–41). Gießen, Germany: Psychosozial-Verlag.
Cushman, P. (2012). Defenseless in the face of the status quo: Psychology without a critical humanities. The Humanistic Psychologist, 40(3), 262–269.
Cushman, P. (2013). Because the rock will not read the article: A discussion of Jeremy Safran’s critique of Irwin Hoffman’s ‘doublethinking our way to scientific legitimacy’. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 23, 211–224.
Dreher, A. U. (2016). In Babel. Forum der Psychoanalyse, 32(3), 299–316.
Ehrenwald, J. (Ed.). (1976). The history of psychotherapy. New York, NY: Jason Aronson.
Fonagy, P. (2010). Veränderungen der Klinischen Praxis: Wissenschaftlich oder pragmatisch begründet? [The changing shape of clinical practice: Driven by science or pragmatics?] In K. Münch, D. Munz, & A. Springer (Eds.), Die Psychoanalyse im Pluralismus der Wissenschaften (pp. 33–83). Gießen, Germany: Psychosozial-Verlag.
Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(3), 252–264.
Hoffman, I. Z. (2009). Doublethinking our way to ‘scientific’ legitimacy: The desiccation of human experience. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 57(5), 1043–1069.
Jackson, S. W. (1999). Care of the psyche: A history of psychological healing. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2012). Danmark på briksen. Et psykologisk perspektiv på Danmark og danskerne i det senmoderne [Denmark on the therapist’s couch. A psychological perspective on Denmark and Danes in later modernity]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2014). ADHD. Bidrag til en kritisk psykologisk forståelse [ADHD. Contributions to a critical psychological understanding]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Lambert, M. J. (2013a). Introduction and historical overview. In M. J. Lambert (Ed.), Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (6th ed., pp. 3–21). New York, NY: Wiley.
Lambert, M. J. (2013b). The efficacy and effectiveness of psychotherapy. In M. J. Lambert (Ed.), Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (6th ed., pp. 169–219). New York, NY: Wiley.
Lebowitz, M. S., & Ahn, W.-K. (2014). Effects of biological explanations for mental disorders on clinicians’ empathy. PNAS, 111(50), 17786–17790.
Makari, G. (2008). Revolution in mind: The creation of psychoanalysis. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
McWilliams, N. (2013). Psychoanalysis and research: Some reflections and opinions. Psychoanalytic Review, 100(6), 919–945.
Neumann, M., Edelhäuser, F., Tauschel, D., Fischer, M. R., Wirtz, M., Woopen, C., et al. (2011). Empathy decline and its reasons: A systematic review of studies with medical students and residents. Academic Medicine, 86(8), 996–1009.
Norcross, J. C. (Ed.). (2011). Psychotherapy relationships that work: Evidence-based responsiveness (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Øyen, S. A., Müftüoglu, I. B., & Birkeland, F. I. (2011). De unyttige. Fortolkningsvitenskapenes fremtid i det nye akademia [The unproductive. The future of the interpretive sciences in the new academy]. In S. A. Øyen, I. B. Müftüoglu, & F. I. Birkeland (Eds.), Humanioras fremtid. Kampen om forståelsen av menneske og samfunn (pp. 9–27). Oslo, Norway: Cappelen Damm Akademisk.
Rønnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselors. London, England: Routledge.
Sassenfeld, A. (2015). Relationale Psychotherapie. Grundlagen und klinische Prinzipien [Relational psychotherapy. Basics and clinical principles]. Gießen. Germany: Psychosozial-Verlag.
Slife, B. D., Wiggins, B. J., & Graham, J. T. (2005). Avoiding an EST monopoly: Toward a pluralism of philosophies and methods. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 35, 83–97.
Stiles, W. B., & Shapiro, D. A. (1989). Abuse of the drug metaphor in psychotherapy process-outcome research. Clinical Psychology Research, 9, 521–543.
Summers, F. (2013). The psychoanalytic vision. New York, NY: Routledge.
Wallerstein, R. S. (1995). The talking cures: The psychoanalyses and the psychotherapies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Wampold, B. E., & Budge, S. L. (2012). The 2011 Leona Tyler award address: The relationship—And its relationship to the common and specific factors of psychotherapy. The Counseling Psychologist, 40(4), 601–623.
Wampold, B. E., & Imel, Z.-E. (2015). The great psychotherapy debate: The evidence for what makes psychotherapy work (2nd ed.). London, England: Routledge.
Werbik, H., & Benetka, G. (2016). Kritik der Neuropsychologie. Eine Streitschrift. GieBen: Psychosozial-Verlag.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jørgensen, C.R. (2019). Medical Versus Dynamic-Relational Model of Psychotherapy. In: The Psychotherapeutic Stance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20437-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20437-2_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20436-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20437-2
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)