Abstract
Particularly in his papers on technique in particular, Freud offers a number of recommendations for how we can understand and manage what plays out in the therapeutic relationship, which also helps us define what characterizes the psychotherapeutic or the psychoanalytic stance in the therapeutic process. Therefore, it remains interesting and relevant to consult his technical guidelines in any effort to specify the fundamental elements of the psychotherapeutic stance, including concepts like abstinence, neutrality, evenly suspended attention, and transference.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Balint, M. (1968[1994]). Grundbristen [The basic flaw]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Bion, W. (1967). Notes on memory and desire. In E. B. Spillius (Ed.), Melanie Klein today, Vol 2: Mainly practice (pp. 17–22). London, England: Routledge.
Bromberg, P. M. (2012). Stumbling along and hanging in: If this be technique, make the most of it! Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 32, 3–17.
Cremerius, J. (1984). Die psychoanalytische Abstinenzregel. Vom regelhaften zum operationellen Gebrauch [The psychoanalytic rule of abstinence: From rule-bound to operational use]. Psyche, 38, 769–800.
Freud, S. (1937). Analysis terminable and interminable. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 18, 373–405.
Freud, S. (1953). Fragment of an analysis of a case of Hysteria. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 7, pp. 1–122). (Original work published 1905).
Freud, S. (1955). Lines of advance in psycho-analytic therapy. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 17, pp. 157–168). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1919).
Freud, S. (1957). The future prospects of psychoanalytic therapy. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 11, pp. 139–152). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1910).
Freud, S. (1958a). The dynamics of transference. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The Standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 97–108). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1912).
Freud, S. (1958b). Recommendations to physicians practising psycho-analysis. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 109–120). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1912).
Freud, S. (1958c). Remembering, repeating and working-through. (Further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis II). In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 145–156). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1914).
Freud, S. (1958d). Observations on transference-love (Further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis III). In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 12, pp. 157–171). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1915).
Freud, S. (1963). Introductory lectures on psycho-analysis (Part III). In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 16). London, England: Hogarth (Original work published 1917).
Friedman, L. (1991). A reading of Freud’s papers on technique. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 60, 564–595.
Greenson, R. R. (1967). The technique and practice of psychoanalysis. London, England: Hogarth Press.
Gullestad, S. E., & Killingmo, B. (2013). Underteksten. Psykoanalytisk terapi i praksis [Subtext. Psychoanalytic therapy in practice] (2nd ed.). Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget.
Ham, J., & Tronick, E. (2009). Relational psychophysiology: Lessons from mother-infant physiology research and dyadically expanded states of consciousness. Psychotherapy Research, 19, 619–632.
Hansel, J. (2008). Psychoanalytic aims and attitudes. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 77, 1179–1192.
Heimann, P. (1960). Countertransference. In P. Heimann (Ed.), About children and children-no-longer (pp. 151–160). London, England: Routledge.
Heimann, P. (1978). On the necessity for the analyst to be natural with his patient. In P. Heimann (Ed.), About children and children-no-longer (pp. 311–323). London, England: Routledge.
Hoffer, A. (1993). Asymmetrie und Gegenseitigkeit in der analytischen Beziehung: Lektionen für heute aus der Beziehung zwischen Freud und Ferenczi [Asymmetry and mutuality in the analytic relationship. Lessons to be learned from the relationship between Freud and Ferenczi]. Psyche, 47, 1027–1040.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2002). Psykologien i senmoderniteten [Psychology in late modernity]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2009). Personlighedsforstyrrelser. Moderne relationel forståelse og behandling af borderlinelidelse [Personality disorders. Modern relational understanding and treatment of borderline disorder] (2nd ed.). Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2012). Danmark på briksen. Et psykologisk perspektiv på Danmark og danskerne i det senmoderne [Denmark on the therapist’s couch. A psychological perspective on Denmark and Danes in later modernity]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Jørgensen, C. R. (2014). ADHD. Bidrag til en kritisk psykologisk forståelse [ADHD. Contributions to a critical psychological understanding]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Killingmo, B. (1989). Conflict and deficit: Implications for technique. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 70, 65–79.
Killingmo, B. (1997). The so-called rule of abstinence revisited. Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review, 20, 144–159.
Klüver, R. (1983). Agieren und mitagieren [Acting-out and counter-acting-out]. In S. Hoffmann (Ed.), Deutung und Beziehung. Kritische Beiträge zur Behandlungskonzeption und Technik in der Psychoanalyse (pp. 132–45). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Fischer Verlag.
Köhler-Weisker, A. (1986). Zum Begriff der Haltung des Psychoanalytikers am Beispiel einer Fokaltherapie [On the concept of the psychotherapist’s stance as an example of focal therapy]. Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse, 18, 143–173.
Körner, J. (2002). The didactics of psychoanalytic education. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 83, 1395–1405.
Küchenhoff, J., Prause, K., & Schulz, G. (2017). Engagement und Respekt. Psychotherapeutische Haltung und Bezieungsarbeit in der Psychotherapie mit psychotisch erlebenden Menschen [Commitment and respect: Psychotherapeutic attitude and work on analyst-patient relationships in psychotherapy for individuals with psychotic experience]. Psyche, 71, 60–81.
Kutter, P. (1988). Grundhaltung, professionelle Einstellungen und psychoanalytische Methode. In P. Kutter, R. Paramo-Ortega, & P. Zagermann (Eds.), Die psychoanalytische Haltung (pp. 17–29). Munich, Germany: Verlag Internationale Psychoanalyse.
Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2007). Forschende Grundhaltung als abgewehrter „common ground“ von psychoanalytischen Praktikern und Forschern? [The explorative attitude as repelled ‘common ground’ of psychoanalytic practitioners and researchers?] Psyche, 61, 966–994.
Levine, H. B. (2015). The transformational vision of Antonio Ferro. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 35, 451–564.
Mertens, W. (1993). Die psychoanalytische Haltung [The psychoanalytic stance]. In M. Ermann (Ed.), Die hilfreiche Beziehung in der Psychoanalyse (pp. 11–34). Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Mertens, W. (2015). Psychoanalytische Behandlungstechnik. Konzepte und Themen psychoanalytisch begründeter Behandlungsverfahren [Psychoanalytic treatment technique. Concepts and themes of psychoanalytically motivated treatment methods]. Stuttgart, Germany: Kohlhammer.
Mitchell, S. A. (1997). Influence and autonomy in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, MI: Analytic Press.
Nissen-Lie, H.A., Goldberg, S.B., Hoyt, W.T., Falkenström, F., Holmqvist, R., Nielsen, S.L. & Wampold, B.E. (2016). Are therapists uniformly effective across patient outcome domains? A study on therapist effectiveness in two different treatment contexts. Journal of counseling psychology, 64(4), 367–78
Ogden, T. H. (2009). Rediscovering psychoanalysis. Thinking and dreaming, learning and forgetting. London, England: Routledge.
Ogden, T. H. (2016). Reclaiming unlived life: Experiences in psychoanalysis. London, England: Routledge.
Pflichthofer, D. (2010). Zwischen Gesetz und Freiheit. Die Suche nach dem Rahmen und dem Objekt [Between law and freedom: The search for setting and object]. Psyche, 65, 30–62.
Reik, T. (1948). Listening with the third ear: The inner experience of a psychoanalyst. New York, NY: Grove Press.
Renik, O. (1993). Analytic interaction: Conceptualizing technique in light of the analyst’s irreducible subjectivity. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 62, 553–571.
Sandell, R., Lazar, A., Grant, J., Carlsson, J., Schubert, J., & Broberg, J. (2006). Therapist attitudes and patient outcomes: III. A latent class analysis of therapists. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 79, 629–647.
Sandler, J. (1976). Countertransference and role-responsiveness. International Review of Psychoanalysis, 3, 43–47.
Stone, L. (1961). The Psychoanalytic Situation: An examination of its development and essential nature. New York, NY: International Universities Press.
Streeck, U. (2017). Denn sie wissen nicht, was sie tun. Über unbewußte Beziehungsregulierung [For they know not what they do. About unconscious relational regulation]. Forum Psychoanalyse, 33, 235–250.
Strenger, C. (1989). The classic and romantic vision in psychoanalysis. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 70, 593–610.
Symington, J., & Symington, N. (1996). The clinical thinking of Wilfred Bion. London, England: Routledge.
Thomä, H. (2004). Ist es utopisch, sich zukünftige Psychoanalytiker ohne besondere berufliche Identität vorzustellen? [Is it utopian to imagine a future psychoanalyst without any particular professional identity?] Forum der Psychoanalyse, 20(2), 133–157.
Treurniet, N. (1997). On an ethic of psychoanalytic technique. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 66, 596–627.
Tubert-Oklander, J. (2013). Theory of psychoanalytical practice. A relational process approach. London, England: Karnac.
Wachtel, P. L. (2008). Relational theory and the practice of psychotherapy. New York, NY: Guilford.
Wallerstein, R. S. (1993). On transference love: Revisiting Freud. In E. S. Person, A. Hagelin, & P. Fonagy (Eds.), On Freud’s ‘Observations on transference-love’ (pp. 57–75). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Zwiebel, R. (2004). Der Analytiker als Anderer: Überlegungen zum Einfluß der Person des Analytikers in der analytischen Praxis [The analyst as ‘other’: Thoughts on the influence of the analyst’s personality in the analytical practice]. Psyche, Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, 58, 836–868.
Zwiebel, R. (2012). Von der Schwierigkeit Psychoanalytiker zu werden und zu bleiben [On the difficulty of being and remaining a psychoanalyst]. In C. E. Walker, H. Blass, R. Paul, & M. Teising (Eds.), Die Psychoanalytische Haltung (pp. 53–69). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Congress-Organisation Geber & Reusch.
Zwiebel, R. (2013). Was macht einen guten Psychoanalytiker aus? Grundelemente professioneller Psychotherapie [What makes a good psychoanalyst? Basic elements of professional psychotherapy]. Stuttgart, Germany: Klett-Cotta.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jørgensen, C. (2019). The Historical Bedrock of Psychotherapy. Freud’s Contribution—and Contemporary Corrections. In: The Psychotherapeutic Stance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20437-2_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20437-2_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20436-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20437-2
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)