Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Peace Psychology Book Series ((PPBS))

Abstract

Although often implicit, semiotics plays an integral role in understanding the way in which social identities can be used to promote reconciliation or encourage conflicts among groups. By integrating the theoretical frameworks of Social Representation Theory and the Dialogical Self with Social Identity Theory, we can better understand the process by which new social identities are created or old social identities persist in creating division in societies. This approach can be applied to analyze the effectiveness of the promotion of a superordinate Rwandan identity in post-Genocide Rwanda over the divisive identities of Tutsi and Hutu. It can also be applied to Northern Ireland, where signs as subtle as the color of flowers in your garden can be strong indicator of your identity as a Protestant or Catholic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bakhtin, M. (1993). Problems of Dostoevsky’s poetics (C. Emerson, Trans.). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coakley, L. (2014). Racialised inequality, anti-racist strategies and the workings of the ‘dialogical self’: A case study in the shifting construction of migrant identity in Ireland. Irish Journal of Sociology, 22(1), 51–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaertner, S. L., & Dovidio, J. F. (2000). Reducing intergroup bias: The common ingroup identity model. Ann Arbor, MI: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaertner, S. L., Dovidio, J. F., & Bachman, B. A. (1996). Revisiting the contact hypothesis: The induction of a common ingroup identity. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 20(3), 271–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hermans, H. J. M. (1996). Voicing the self: From information processing to dialogical interchange. Psychological Bulletin, 119(1), 31–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hermans, H. J. M. (2001a). Conceptions of the self and identity: Toward a dialogical view. International Journal of Education and Religion, 2(1), 43–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermans, H. J. M. (2001b). The dialogical self: Toward a theory of personal and cultural positioning. Culture & Psychology, 7(3), 243–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hermans, H. J. M. (2012). Dialogical self-theory and the increasing multiplicity of I-positions in a globalizing society: An introduction. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2012(137), 1–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hewstone, M., Rubin, M., & Willis, H. (2002). Intergroup bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 575–604.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howarth, C. (2007). “It’s not their fault that they have that colour skin, is it?” Young British children and the possibilities for contesting racializing representations. In G. Moloney & I. Walker (Eds.), Social representations and identity: Content, process and power (pp. 131–156). New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Vol. 1). London: Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kelman, H. (2001). The role of national identity in conflict resolution: Experiences from Israeli-Palestinian problem-solving workshops. In R. D. Ashmore, L. Jussim, & D. Wilder (Eds.), Social identity, intergroup conflict, and conflict education (pp. 187–212). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J. H., & László, J. (2007). A narrative theory of history and identity: Social identity, social representations, society and the individual. In G. Moloney & I. Walker (Eds.), Social representations and identity: Content, process and power (pp. 85–107). New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Markova, I. (2003). Dialogicality and social representations: The dynamics of mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markova, I. (2006). AmEdEe or how to get rid of it: Social representations from a dialogical perspective. Culture & Psychology, 6(4), 419–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moeschberger, S. L. (2014). Heritage or hate: The Confederate flag and current race relations in the USA. In S. L. Moeschberger & R. A. Phillips DeZalia (Eds.), Symbols that bind, symbols that divide: The semiotics of peace and conflict (pp. 207–218). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Moscovici, S. (1988). Notes towards a description of social representations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 8(3), 211–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moscovici, S. (2001). The phenomenon of social representations. In S. Moscovici & G. Duveen (Eds.), Social representations: Explorations in social psychology (pp. 18–77). New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips DeZalia, R. A. (2011). Social representations of reconciliation. In D. Christie (Ed.), Encyclopedia of peace psychology. Wiley-Blackwell: Hoboken.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips DeZalia, R. A. (2014). Being Rwandan: The use of language, history, and identity in post-genocide Rwanda. In S. L. Moeschberger & R. A. Phillips DeZalia (Eds.), Symbols that bind, symbols that divide: The semiotics of peace and conflict (pp. 157–180). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips DeZalia, R. A., & Moeschberger, S. L. (2014). The function of symbols that bind and divide. In S. L. Moeschberger & R. A. Phillips DeZalia (Eds.), Symbols that bind, symbols that divide: The semiotics of peace and conflict (pp. 1–12). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Psaltis, C., Beydola, T., Filippou, G., & Vrachimis, N. (2014). Contested symbols as social representations: The case of Cyprus. In S. L. Moeschberger & R. A. Phillips DeZalia (Eds.), Symbols that bind, symbols that divide: The semiotics of peace and conflict (pp. 61–89). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Staub, E. (2001). Individual and group identities in genocide and mass killing. In R. D. Ashmore, L. Jussim, & D. Wilder (Eds.), Social identity, intergroup conflict, and conflict reduction (pp. 159–186). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valsiner, J. (2002). Forms of dialogical relations and semiotic autoregulation within the self. Theory & Psychology, 12(2), 251–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valsiner, J. (2003). Culture and its transfer: Ways of creating general knowledge through the study of cultural particulars. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valsiner, J. (2007). Culture in minds and societies: Foundations of cultural psychology. Los Angeles: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, W. (1994). Fields of research and socio-genesis of social representations: A discussion of criteria and diagnostics. Social Science Information, 33(2), 199–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, R. (2001). Social and role identities and political violence: Identity as a window on violence in Northern Ireland. In R. D. Ashmore, L. Jussim, & D. Wilder (Eds.), Social identity, intergroup conflict, and conflict reduction (pp. 133–158). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rebekah A. Phillips DeZalia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Phillips DeZalia, R.A., Moeschberger, S.L. (2016). Symbolic Reminders of Identity. In: McKeown, S., Haji, R., Ferguson, N. (eds) Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory. Peace Psychology Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29869-6_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics