Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Intoxikationen

  • Chapter
Der psychiatrische Notfall

  • 3576 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Bei einer Störung des Bewusstseins von leichter Schläfrigkeit oder Benommenheit bis zum tiefen Koma muss immer die Möglichkeit einer Intoxikation als Ursache einbezogen werden. Vergiftungen können bedingt sein durch:

  • Einnahme von Medikamenten, Drogen oder Giften in suizidaler Absicht

  • Überdosierung von Medikamenten und/oder illegalen Drogen

  • Nichtbeachtung von Wechselwirkungen oder Kontraindikationen bestimmter Medikamente

  • Verwechslung von Flüssigkeiten (irrtümliches Trinken toxischer Substanzen) oder Pilzen

  • Unfall: Einnahme toxischer Substanzen durch Kinder

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Adityanjee, Munshi KR, Thampy A (2005) The syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity. Clin Neuropharmacol 28:38–49

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altura BT, Altura BM (1981) Phencyclidine, lyserg acid diethyamid, and mescaline: cerebral artery spasm and hallucinogenic activity. Science 212:1051–1052

    Google Scholar 

  • Amdisen A (1988) Clinical features and managemant of lithium poisoning. MedToxicol Advers Drug Exp 3:18–32

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson CE, Loomis GA (2003) Recognition and prevention of inhalant abuse. Am Fam Physician 68:869–874

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baca CT, Grant KJ (2007) What heroin users tell us about overdose. J Addict Dis 26:63–68

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer MS, Loipl R, Jagsch R et al (2008) Mortality in opioidmaintained patients after release from an addiction clinic. Eur Addict Res 14:82–91

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell B (1981) Adverse effects of antidepressive drugs., part I. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclics. Drugs 21:201–219

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonnet U, Harries-Hedder K, Leweke M et al (2004) AWMF-Leit-linie: Cannabis-bezogene Störungen. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 72:318–329

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brent J (2001 ) Current management of ethylene glycol poisening. Drugs 61:979–988

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron RJ, Hungerford P, Dawson AH (2002) Efficacy of charcoal hemoperfusion in massice carbamazepine poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 40:507–512

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chyka PA, Erdman AR, Manoquera AS et al (2007) Dextromethorphan poisoning: an evidence based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management. Clin Toxolcol (Phila) 45:662–677

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clausen T, Anchersen K, Waal H (2007) Mortality prior to, during and after maintenence treatment (OMT): a national prospective cross registry study. Drug Alcohol Depend 94:151–157

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cobaugh DJ, Erdman AR, Booze LL et al (2007) Atypical antipsychotic medication poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management. Clin Toxicol(Phila) 45:918–942

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen H, Hoffman RS, Howland MA (1997) Antidepressant poisining and treatment: a review and case illustration. J Pharm Prct 102:49–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Correll CU, Leucht S, Kane JM (2004) Lower risk at tardive dyskinesia associated with second generation antipsychotics: a systematic review of 1-year-studies. Am J Psychiatry 161:414–425

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Degenhardt L, Coffey C, Moran P et al (2007) The predictors and consequences of adolescent amphetamine use: findings from the Victoria Adolescent Health Cohort Study. Addiction 102:1076–1084

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deng MZ, Chen GQ, Phillips MR (1990) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 12 of 9.792 chinese inpatients exporsed to neuroleptics: a prospective study. Am J Psychiatry 147:1149–1155

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dirks B (Hg) (2007) Die Notfallmedizin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Malakh RS, Abraham HD (2007) MDMA (Ecstasy). Ann Clin Psychiatry 19:45–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eyer F, Pfab R, Felgenhauer N (2006) Lithium poisoning: pharmacokinetics and clearence during different therapeutic measures. Clin Psychopharmacol 26:325–330

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan RJ, Ives RJ (1994) Volatile substance abuse. Bull Narc 46:49–78

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gawin FH, Kleber HD (1986) Abstinence symptomatology and psychiatric diagnosis in cocaine abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:107–113

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gawin FH, Kleber HD, Byck R et al (1989) Desipramine facilitation of initial cocaine abstinence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46:117–121

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gold MS (1997) Cocain (and Crack): Clinical aspects. In: Lowison JH, Ruiz P, Millman RB et al (eds) Substance abuse: a comprehensive textbook. 3rd edition. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales JP, Brogden RN (1988) Naltrexone. A review of ist pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in the management of opioid dependence. Drug 35:192–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Hermle L, Kovar K-A et al (1996) Die Entaktogene: “Ecstasy„ (MDMA), “Eve„ (MDA) und andere ringsubstituierte Metamphetaminderivate. Eine neue Stoffklasse unter den illegalen Designer-Drogen? Nervenarzt 67:369–380

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern JH, Pope HG jr (2003) Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder: what do we now after 50 years? Drug Alcohol Depend 69:109–119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harrigan EP, Miceli JJ, Anciano R et al (2004) A randomiced evaluation of the effects of six antipsychotic agents on QTc, in the absence and presence of metabolic inhibition. J Clin Psychopharmacology 24:62–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hassaballa HA, Balk RA (2003) Torsade de pointes associated with the administration of intravenous haloperidol: a review of the literature and practice guidelines for use. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2:543–547

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henry JA, Alexander CA, Sener EK (1995) Relative mortality from overdose of antidepressants. BMJ 310:221–224

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinterhuber H, Haring Ch (1998) Unerwünschte Wirkungen, Kontraindikationen, überdosierung, Intoxikation. In: Riederer P, Laux G, Pöldinger W (Hg) Neuro-Psychopharmaka, Bd 4: Neuroleptika, 2. Aufl. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 144–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopper JW, Su Z, Looby AR et al (2006) Incidence and patterns of polydrug use and craving for ecstasy in regular ecstasy users: an ecological mementary assessment study. Drug Alsohol Depend 85:221–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunfeld NG, Westerman EM, Boswijk DJ et al (2006) Quetiapine in overdose: A clinical and pharmacokinetic analysis of 14 cases. Ther Drug Monit 28:185–189

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isbiter GK, Balit CR Whyte IM et al (2003) Valproate overdose: a comparative cohort study of self poisonings. Br J Clin Pharmacol 55:398–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iversen L (2003) Cannabis and the brain. Brain 126:1252–1270

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jeste DV, Caligiuri MP, Paulsen JS et al (1995) Risk of tardive dyskinesia in older patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:756–765

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Julien RM (1997) Drogen und Psychopharmaka. Spektrum, Heidelberg Berlin Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Kandel D, Chen K (2000) Types of marihuana users in longitudinal course. J Stud Alcohol 61:367–378

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kardels B, Beine KH (2000) Alkoholismus-ein medizinischer Notfall. Notfall und Rettungsdienst 7:36–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaspar S, Frey R, Schreinzer D (2001) Safety and tolerability of old and new antidepressants. In: den Boer JA, Westenberg H (eds) Focus on psychiatry. Antidepressants: selectivity or multiplicity? Benecke, Amsterdam, pp 157–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly TM, Donovan JE, Cornelius JR (2004) Predictors of problem drinking among older adolescent emergency department patients. J Emerg Med 27:209–218

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kielholz, Battegay R, Ladewig D (1972) Drogenabhängigkeiten. In: Kisker KP, Meyer JE, Müller M et al (Hg) Psychiatrie der Gegenwart, Bd II, Teil 2. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 477–564

    Google Scholar 

  • Klotz U, Laux G (1996) Tranquillantien. Therapeutischer Einsatz und Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl. Wiss Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraus L, Augustin R, Röder J (2006) Trends im Konsum von Alkohol, Tabak und illegalen Drogen. In: Deutsche Hauptstelle. für Suchtfragen (Hg) Jahrbuch Sucht 06. Neuland, Geesthacht, Kap 3

    Google Scholar 

  • Kretz FJ, Löscher W, Peisdersky B et al (1990) Flumazenil (Anexate). Pharmakodynamik; Pharmakokinetik, Indikationen und Kontraindikationen. Med Welt 85:156–160

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laux G, Volz HP, Möller HJ (1995) Newer and older monoamino oxidase inhibitors. A comparative Profile. CNS Drugs 3:145–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leikin JB, Krantz AJ, Zell-Kanter M et al (1989) Clinical features and management of intoxication due to hallucinogenic drugs. Med Toxocol Adverse Drug Exp 4:324–350

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner AG, Gelkopf M, Skladman I et al (2003) Clonazepam treatment of lyserg acid diethylamid-induced hallucinogen persisting perception disorder with anxiaty features. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 18:101–105

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leucht S, Pitschel-Walz G, Abraham D et al (1999) Efficacy and extrapyramidal side-effects of the new antipsychotics olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and sertindole compared to conventional antipsychotics and placebo: a me-ta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Schizophr Res 35:51–68

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leweke FM, Gerth CW, Klosterkötter J (2004) Cannabis associated. psychosis: current status of research. CNS Drug 18:895–910

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lieb R, Schütz CG, Pfister H et al (2002) Mental disorders in ecstasy users: a prospective-longitudinal investigation. Drug Alcohol Depend 68:195–207

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lofton AL, Klein-Schwartz W (2004) Evaluation of lamotrigin toxicity reported in poison centers. Ann Pharmacother 38:1811–1815

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowenstein DH, Massa SM, Rowbotham MC et al (1987) Acute neurologic and psychiatric comklications associated with cocaine abuse. Am J Med 83:841–846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Madler C, Jauch KW, Werdan K et al (Hg) (2005) Das NAW-Buch. Akutmedizin der ersten 24 Stunden, 3. Aufl. Elsevier Urban & Fischer, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahoney JJ 3rd, Kalechstein AD, De La Garza R 2nd et al (2008) Presencs and persistence of psychotic symptoms in cocaine versus methamphetamine-dependent participants. Am J Addict 17:83–98

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manoquerra AS, Erdmann AR, Woolf AD et al (2008) Valproic acid poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-ofhospital management. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 46:661–676

    Google Scholar 

  • Marino PL (ed) (2007) The ICU Book, 3rd edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Marks J (1988) Technics of benzodiazepine withdrawal in clinical practice. A consensus workshop report. Med Toxicol 3:324–333

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maxwell JC (2001) Deaths related in the inhalation of volative substances in Texas 1988–1998. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 27:689–697

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meadows R, Verghese A (1996) Medical complications of glue sniffing. South Med J 98:455–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Modestin J, Wehli MV, Stephan PL et al (2008) Evolution of neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal syndrome under longterm neuroleptic treatment. Schizophr Res 100:97–107

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Newton EH, Shih RD, Hoffman RS (1994) Cycling antidepressant overdose: a review of current management strategies. Am JEmerg Med 12:376–379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nnadi CU, Mimiko OA, McCurtis HL et al (2005) Neuropsychiatric effect of cocaine use disorders. J Natl Med Assoc 97:1504–1515

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oetting ER, Edwards RW, Beauvais F (1988) Social and psychological factors underlying inhalant abuse. NIDA Res Monogr 85:172–203

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pederson W, Skrondal A (1999) Ecstasy and new patterns of drug use: a normal population study. Addiction 94:1695–1700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perekonigg A, Lieb R, Höfler M et al (1999) Patterns of cannabic use, abuse and dependence over time: incidence and stability in a sample of 1228 adolescents. Addiction 94:1663–1678

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Picard LS, Lindsay S, Strawn JR (2008) Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome: diagnostic controversies and considerations. Pharmacotherapy 28:530–535

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poser W, Böning J, Holzbach R et al (2006) Medikamentenabhängigkeit (Sedativa, Hypnotika, Analgetika, Psychostimulantien). In: Schmidt LG, Gastpar N, Falkai P, Gaebel W (Hg) Evidenzbasierte Suchtmedizin. Deutscher ärzteverlag, Köln

    Google Scholar 

  • Poser W, Poser S (1996) Medikamente-Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Preuss U, Bahlmann M, Koller G et al (2000) Die Behandlung der Kokainabhängigkeit: Intoxikation, Entzug und Rückfallprophylaxe. Fortsch Neurol Psychiat 68:224–238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt IG, Gastpar M, Falkai P et al (2006) Evidenzbasierte Suchtmedizin. Behandlungsleitlinien bei substanzbezogenen Störungen. Deutscher ärztverlag, Köln

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöpf J (1983) Withdrawal phenomena after long-term administration of benzodiazepines. Pharmacopsychiatry 16:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schöpf W (2003) Moderne Antidepressiva-wechseln, kombinieren und augmentieren. Steinkopff, Darmstadt

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon R, Sonntag D, Bühringer G et al (2004) Cannabisbezogene Störungen: Umfang, Behandlungsbedarf und Behandlungsangebot in Deutschland. IFT München

    Google Scholar 

  • Soyka M (1999) Alkoholabhängigkeit-Grundlagen und Therapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Soyka M, Banzer K, Erbas B et al (2006) Substitutionsbehandlung Drogenabhängiger-rechtliche Grundlagen und neue Ergebnisse der Therapieforschung. Nervenheilkunde 25:286–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Soyka M, Steinberg R, Vollmer M (1988) Entzugsphänomene bei schrittweisem Benzodiazepinentzug. Nervenarzt 59:744–748

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spavik, B, Maline DI Kozyrev VN et al (2000) Frequency of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a large psychiatric hospital in Moscow. Eur Psychiatry 15:330–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spiller HA (2001) Management of carbamazepine overdose. Pediatr Emerg Care 17:452–456

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sternbach H (1991) The serotonin syndrom. Am J Psychiatry 148:705–713

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tait RJ, Hulse GK, Robertson SI et al (2002) Multiple hospital presentations by adolescents who use alcohol or other drugs. Addiction 97:1269–1275

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Te Wildt BT, Andreis C, Auffart I et al (2006) Alcohol related conditions represent a major psychiatric problem in emergency departments. Emerg Med J 23:428–430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomasius R (1999) Ecstasy-Wirkungen, Risiken, Interventionen. Enke, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomasius R, Goutzoulis-Mayfranck E (2006) Psychische und verhaltensbezogene Störungen durch Kokain, Amphetamine, Ecstasy und Halluzinogene. In: Schmidt LG, Gastpar M, Falkai P, Gaebel W (Hg) Evidenzbasierte Suchtmedizin. Behandlungsleitlinien suchtbezogener Störungen. Deutscher Ärzteverlag Köln, S 241–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Thundiyil JG, Kearney TE, Olson KR (2007) Evolving epidemiology of drug induced seizures reported to a Poison Control Center System. J Med Toxicol 3:15–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tossmann HP (2006) Cannabis-Zahlen und Fakten zum Konsum. In: Deutsche Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen (Hg) Jahrbuch Sucht 06. Neuland, Geesthacht, S 73–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremeau F, Darreye A, Staner L et al (2008) Suicidality in opioiddependent subjects. Am J Addict 17:184–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Troisi A, Pasini A, Saracco M et al (1998) Psychiatric symptoms in male cannabis users not using other illicit drugs. Addiction 93:487–492

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Waring WS, Good AM, Bateman DN (2007) Lack of significant toxicity after mirtazepine overdose: a five year review of cases admitted to a regional toxicology unit. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 45:45–50

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weilemann S, Lorenz J, Voigtländer T (2007) Internistische Intensivmedizin und Notfalltherapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson AD, Howell C, Waring WS (2007) Venlafaxine ingestion is associated with rhabdomyolysis in adults: a case series. J Toxicol Sci 32:97–101

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu LT, Ringwalt CL (2006) Inhalant use and disorders among adults in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 85: 1–11

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zilker T (1998) Intoxikationen. In: Hewer W, Rössler W (Hg) Das Notfall Psychiatrie Buch. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München Wien Baltimore S 194–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Zullino DF, Krenz S, Eap CB et al (2008) Over-and underreporting of recent drug use in subjects entering an inpatient detoxification unit. Eur J Med Res 13:15–20

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2009). Intoxikationen. In: Der psychiatrische Notfall. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27243-4_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27243-4_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-27242-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27243-4

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation