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Längsschnittstudien

Rauschtrinken bei Jugendlichen

Zusammenhang mit Temperament, Freundeskreis und elterlichem Erziehungsverhalten

Published Online:February 21, 2008https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403.17.1.22

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. In den letzten Jahren verbreitete sich das Rauschtrinken unter Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Als Einflussfaktoren gelten elterliches Erziehungsverhalten, Temperament, der Freundeskreis und Delinquenz, jedoch ist bislang wenig über das Zusammenwirken dieser Faktoren auf Rauschtrinken bekannt. Es werden Ergebnisse von 333 15-jährigen Jugendlichen der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, einer Längsschnittstudie an einer Geburtskohorte, berichtet. Etwa ein Drittel der Jugendlichen hatte bereits mindestens einmal im Leben so viel Alkohol getrunken, dass die Kriterien des Rauschtrinkens erfüllt waren. Erwartungsgemäß waren darunter mehr 15-Jährige mit ausgeprägtem Neugierverhalten und einem sozial auffälligen Freundeskreis. Unabhängig davon hatte elterliches Aufsichtsverhalten einen protektiven Effekt auf das Ausmaß des Rauschtrinkens. Neugierverhalten wies nach Kontrolle für Delinquenz, Freundeskreis und Erziehungsverhalten keinen statistisch bedeutsamen Zusammenhang zu starkem Alkoholkonsum auf. Demnach sind ein auffälliger Freundeskreis und Delinquenz mögliche Risikofaktoren für Rauschtrinken, ein positives Verhältnis zu den Eltern kann jedoch einen sowohl direkten als auch indirekten Schutzfaktor darstellen.


Binge drinking in adolescents: Correlations with temperament, peers, and parenting styles

Abstract. During the last years, binge drinking has become common among German adolescents. Novelty seeking, delinquency, and peer behavior as well as parental monitoring are considered as risk factors. However, little is known about their interplay with regard to binge drinking. This article presents data of 333 15-year-olds from the Mannheim Study of Risk Children, a prospective longitudinal study of a birth cohort. About one third of the sample had already engaged in binge drinking. Consistent with expectations, among these were more adolescents with high levels of novelty seeking, deviant peer contacts, and delinquency. Independent of these factors, parental monitoring had a protective effect on levels of heavy alcohol use. The impact of novelty seeking became insignificant after controlling for the other variables. It is concluded, that deviant peer affiliation and delinquency are significant risk factors for binge drinking, while parental monitoring acts as a protective factor, both directly and indirectly.

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