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CMV Infection and Frailty: Immunologic Consequences and Disease Pathogenesis

  • Chapter
Handbook on Immunosenescence

Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome that has been variously characterized as a wasting state of decreased physiologic reserve, loss of physiologic complexity, and accumulation of deficits [11, 58, 83], and is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes in older adults [7, 30, 113]. A physiologic phenomenon that has been consistently observed in frail older individuals is a generalized inflammatory state, beyond age-related changes [26, 56, 87, 106]. Frail older adults have higher levels of systemic inflammatory markers, including interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, than older adults who are not frail, even when chronic diseases are excluded [106]. The chronic activation of inflammatory pathways is known to influence skeletal muscle mass decline, the anemia of chronic disease, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) activity, cognition, and a number of chronic disease states, and likely plays an important role in the pathogenesis of frailty through its effects on these multiple physiologic systems [28].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21224

    George C. Wang & Jeremy Walston

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  1. George C. Wang
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  2. Jeremy Walston
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Immunology Graduate Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, 1036 Rue Belvedere, J1H 4C4, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Department of Experimental Pathalogy, CIG Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani” University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, 4-6-22 Kohinato, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0006, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. ZMF - Zentrum Med. Forschung Abt. Transplant./ Immunologie, University of Tübingen, Waldhörnlestr. 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

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Wang, G.C., Walston, J. (2009). CMV Infection and Frailty: Immunologic Consequences and Disease Pathogenesis. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook on Immunosenescence. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9063-9_63

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