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Intraoperative Neuromonitoring

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Springer Handbook of Medical Technology

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Abstract

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) was described as early as 1898 when facial muscles were visually assessed for activation during surgery near the facial nerve. Nowadays, it is based on the measurement of important physiological parameters for observation of the central and peripheral nervous system. The main focus of this chapter is IONM performed by the surgeon for prevention of direct nerve damage during the surgical procedure. IONM has been developed for nerve identification and observation of neural pathways duringthe surgical procedure (Sect. 55.1). Aside from the prevention and risk reduction of nerve damage, IONM serves as guidance for the surgeon. Nervous tissue is not able to compensate its cell death by formation of new nerve cells. Therefore, monitoring methods should reliably observe critical pathophysiological circumstances with potential for irreversible nerve damage (Sect. 55.2). Finally, IONM leads to improved surgical outcome and avoids postoperative function disturbances, maintaining patients’ quality of life. Currently, several types of neuromonitoring systems are available and IONM is used in almost all surgical centers (Sect. 55.3).

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Authors
  1. Werner Kneist
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  2. Daniel W. Kauff
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Titisee, Germany

    RĂĽdiger Kramme

  2. Medical Engineering and Neuroprosthetics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany

    Klaus-Peter Hoffmann

  3. Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Robert S. Pozos

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© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Kneist, W., Kauff, D.W. (2011). Intraoperative Neuromonitoring. In: Kramme, R., Hoffmann, KP., Pozos, R.S. (eds) Springer Handbook of Medical Technology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_55

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_55

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74657-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74658-4

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