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An unusual case of Plasmodium vivax malaria monoinfection associated with crescentic glomerulonephritis: a need for vigilance

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Abstract

Plasmodium vivax infection is increasingly a major public health burden and the second most frequent human malaria. Higher levels of clinical severity and chloroquine resistance are major factors responsible for such increases. Malarial glomerular injury is uncommon and mainly observed in Plasmodium malariae-infected patients. Occasionally, transient immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis is associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Coexistent crescentic glomerulonephritis and vivax malaria have not previously been reported. We report a fatal case of P. vivax malaria, who presented with acute renal failure. P. vivax monoinfection status was diagnosed with peripheral blood smear and rapid antigen test. Further evaluation for renal failure related to systemic illness and immunological markers were inconclusive. He was treated with antimalarial drugs, hemodialysis, and supportive therapy. Renal biopsy performed for nonrecovering renal failure reveled crescentic glomerulonephritis. This case highlights the need to thoroughly search for malaria-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis using renal biopsy after nonrecovering renal failure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center–Dr. H L Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS), Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, 380016, Gujarat, India

    Mohan P. Patel, Vivek B. Kute, Manoj R. Gumber, Dinesh N. Gera, Pankaj R. Shah, Himanshu V. Patel & Hargovind L. Trivedi

  2. Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, IKDRC-ITS, Ahmedabad, India

    Aruna V. Vanikar

Authors
  1. Mohan P. Patel
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  2. Vivek B. Kute
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  3. Manoj R. Gumber
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  4. Dinesh N. Gera
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  5. Pankaj R. Shah
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  6. Himanshu V. Patel
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  7. Hargovind L. Trivedi
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  8. Aruna V. Vanikar
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Correspondence to Mohan P. Patel.

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Patel, M.P., Kute, V.B., Gumber, M.R. et al. An unusual case of Plasmodium vivax malaria monoinfection associated with crescentic glomerulonephritis: a need for vigilance. Parasitol Res 112, 427–430 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3040-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3040-5

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