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Impact of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in healthy aging: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

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Abstract

Background

To date, the mitochondrial function has been related to several pathways involved in the cellular aging process. Dietary supplements might have reciprocal and multilevel interactions with mitochondria network; however, no systematic review assessed the role of different nutraceuticals in mitochondria modification of healthy older adults.

Aim

To assess the effects of different dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in older adults.

Methods

On February 22, 2022, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were systematically searched from inception for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). According to PICO model, we considered healthy older adults as participants, nutraceutical treatment as intervention, any treatment as comparator, mitochondrial modifications as outcome. Jadad scale was used for the quality assessment.

Results

Altogether, 8489 records were identified and screened until 6 studies were included. A total of 201 healthy older adults were included in the systematic review (mean age ranged from 67.0 ± 1.0 years to 76.0 ± 5.6 years). The dietary supplements assessed were sodium nitrite, N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, hydrogen-rich water, nicotinamide riboside, urolithin A, and whey protein powder. Positive effects were reported in terms of mitochondrial oxidative and antioxidant capacity, volume, bioenergetic capacity, and mitochondrial transcriptome based on the nutritional supplements. The quality assessment underlined that all the studies included were of good quality.

Discussion

Although dietary supplements might provide positive effects on mitochondria modifications, few studies are currently available in this field.

Conclusion

Further studies are needed to better elucidate the reciprocal and multilevel interactions between nutraceuticals, mitochondria, and environmental stressors in healthy older adults.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Moalli Stefano for the graphical development of Fig. 2.

Funding

The study was not funded.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Lorenzo Lippi, Arianna Folli, Alessio Turco, Francesco d’Abrosca & Marco Invernizzi

  2. Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy

    Lorenzo Lippi & Marco Invernizzi

  3. Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy

    Francesca Uberti

  4. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantua, Italy

    Claudio Curci

  5. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy

    Alessandro de Sire

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  1. Lorenzo Lippi
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Contributions

Conceptualization: LL, AdS, and MI; Methodology: AdS, and MI; Database searching: LL, AdS, MI; Data screening: LL, AdS, MI; Data extraction LL, AdS, MI; Data synthesis and interpretation: LL, AdS, MI; Writing – original draft preparation: LL, AF; Writing – review & editing: AdS, MI; Visualization: AT, CC, FdA, FU; Study supervision: AdS, MI; Study submission: LL. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lorenzo Lippi.

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Lippi, L., Uberti, F., Folli, A. et al. Impact of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements on mitochondria modifications in healthy aging: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Aging Clin Exp Res 34, 2659–2674 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02203-y

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