5. CONCLUSION The data presented in this paper adds to the notion that surfactant
Lipids and proteins are multifunctional, acting both to reduce surface tension and to modulate immune cell functions. The modulation of NO production by the surfactant constituents is similar to that described for various inflammatory cytokines; stimulation by the collectins and downregulation by the lipids. Many pulmonary diseases are associated with altered levels of surfactant lipids and proteins. Changes in surfactant composition have been reported in sarcoidosis, ARDS, pulmonary fibrosis and more diseases (Hamm et al., 1992, Fhelps and Rose, 1991). This data suggests that surfactant constituents may play an important role in vivo in the local immune regulation of host defense in the alveolar spaces of the lung and that altered regulatory mechanisms could be involved in the pathogenesis of some lung diseases.
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Kalina, M., Blau, H., Riklis, S., Hoffman, V. (2002). Modulation of Nitric Oxide Production by Lung Surfactant in Alveolar Macrophages. In: Keisari, Y., Ofek, I. (eds) The Biology and Pathology of Innate Immunity Mechanisms. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 479. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46831-X_4
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