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Update on the Pathology of Pathological Myopia

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Pathologic Myopia

Abstract

Pathological myopia is a leading cause of blindness across the world. Pathological myopia has been defined in several different ways, but usually combines a high refractive error with degenerative changes. High myopia is usually associated with enlargement or elongation of the globe. The mechanical stretching forces associated with this enlargement can lead to several different types of fundus changes which can result in a variable amount of visual deterioration. There have been a number of research studies that have documented the most common histopathological findings in myopic eyes. These include the tigroid fundus, lacquer cracks, geographic atrophy of RPE and choroid, posterior staphyloma, choroidal neovascularization also known as Fuchs spot, myopic configuration of the optic nerve head including peripapillary changes, macular holes and retinal holes or detachments, and vitreous, cobblestone, and lattice degeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. L.F Montogomery Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road/ BT 428, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Alia Rashid MBChB & Hans E. Grossniklaus MD, MBA

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  1. Alia Rashid MBChB
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  2. Hans E. Grossniklaus MD, MBA
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Correspondence to Alia Rashid MBChB .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, USA

    Richard F. Spaide

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kyoko Ohno-Matsui

  3. Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Columbia University School of Medicine, LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, New York, New York, USA

    Lawrence A. Yannuzzi

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Rashid, A., Grossniklaus, H.E. (2014). Update on the Pathology of Pathological Myopia. In: Spaide, R., Ohno-Matsui, K., Yannuzzi, L. (eds) Pathologic Myopia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8338-0_7

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