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The Emerging Prominence of the Cardiac Mast Cell as a Potent Mediator of Adverse Myocardial Remodeling

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Mast Cells

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1220))

Abstract

Cardiac mast cells store and release a variety of biologically active mediators, several of which have been implicated in the activation of matrix metalloproteinases in the volume-overloaded heart, while others are involved in the fibrotic process in pressure-overloaded hearts. Increased numbers of mast cells have been reported in explanted human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy and in animal models of experimentally induced hypertension, myocardial infarction, and chronic cardiac volume overload. Also, there is evolving evidence implicating the cardiac mast cell as having a major role in the adverse remodeling underlying these cardiovascular disorders. Thus, the cardiac mast cell is the focus of this chapter that begins with a historical background, followed by sections on methods for their isolation and characterization, endogenous secretagogues, phenotype, and ability of estrogen to alter their phenotype so as to provide cardioprotection. Finally the role of mast cells in myocardial remodeling secondary to a sustained cardiac volume overload, hypertension, and ischemic injury and future research directions are discussed.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported in part by grants from NHLBI (to J.S.J.—#s RO1-HL-59981, R01-HL-62228, R21-HL-089483 and to S.P.L. R00-HL-093215).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA

    Joseph S. Janicki Ph.D. & Gregory L. Brower

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Scott P. Levick

  3. Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Scott P. Levick

Authors
  1. Joseph S. Janicki Ph.D.
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  2. Gregory L. Brower
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  3. Scott P. Levick
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Correspondence to Joseph S. Janicki Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Genetics, The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Michael R. Hughes

  2. Department of Medical Genetics, The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Kelly M. McNagny

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Janicki, J.S., Brower, G.L., Levick, S.P. (2015). The Emerging Prominence of the Cardiac Mast Cell as a Potent Mediator of Adverse Myocardial Remodeling. In: Hughes, M., McNagny, K. (eds) Mast Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1220. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1568-2_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1568-2_8

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