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Nanoparticles: Toxicity, Radicals, Electron Transfer, and Antioxidants

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Oxidative Stress and Nanotechnology

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1028))

Abstract

In recent years, nanoparticles have received increasing attention in research and technology, including a variety of practical applications. The bioactivity appears to be related to the small particle size, in addition to inherent chemical activity as electron transfer (ET) agents, generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with subsequent oxidative stress (OS), and as antioxidants (AOs). The mechanism of toxicity, therapeutic action, and AO property is addressed based on the ET-ROS-OS approach. There are several main classes of ET functionalities, namely, quinones (or phenolic precursors), metal compounds, aromatic nitro compounds (or reduction products), and imine or iminium species. Most of the nanospecies fall within the metal category. Cell signaling is also discussed. This review discusses recent developments based on ET-ROS-OS-AO framework.

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Acknowledgment

Editorial assistance by Thelma Chavez is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Peter Kovacic

  2. Centro de Graduados e Investigación del Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana, BC, Mexico

    Ratnasamy Somanathan

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  1. Peter Kovacic
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  2. Ratnasamy Somanathan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Florida, n/a, Gainsville, 32611, Florida, USA

    Donald Armstrong

  2. , Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy, Discovery Lane 1, Rensselaer, 12144, USA

    Dhruba J Bharali

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Kovacic, P., Somanathan, R. (2013). Nanoparticles: Toxicity, Radicals, Electron Transfer, and Antioxidants. In: Armstrong, D., Bharali, D. (eds) Oxidative Stress and Nanotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1028. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_2

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