Background Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) and tau protein (τ) have been shown to be novel biomarkers associated with brain injury and, therefore, they could represent a useful diagnostic tool in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The goal of this study was to measure H-FABP and τ in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following SAH to test the hypothesis that a relationship exists between SAH severity and H-FABP/τ values.
Methods Twenty-seven consecutive SAH patients admitted to our ICU were studied. Serial CSF samples were obtained in every patient starting on the day of SAH and daily for up to 2 weeks post-SAH. H-FABP/τ levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results Patients with severe SAH showed significantly higher peak levels of H-FABP and τ compared to mild-SAH patients (FABP: p=0.02; τ: p=0.002). In addition the peak concentrations of H-FABP and τ in CSF from SAH patients correlated significantly with Glasgow Coma Scale motor score (H-FABP: Spearman r=−0.52, p=0.006; τ: Spearman r=−0.63, p=0.0004). Based on outcome at discharge from the hospital, patients were categorized into survivors and non-survivors. Peak concentrations of both proteins in the non-survivors group were significantly higher than in the survivors.
Conclusions H-FABP and τ CSF levels are proportional to SAH severity and may be novel biomarkers that can be used to predict the severity of outcome following clinical SAH.
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Zanier, E.R. et al. (2008). Increased levels of CSF heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and tau protein after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. In: Steiger, H.J. (eds) Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 102. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-85578-2_65
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