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Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts in Inflammation and Bone Damage

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Stromal Immunology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1060))

Abstract

This review discusses the important role fibroblasts play in the process of inflammation and the evidence that these cells may drive the persistence of inflammation. Fibroblasts are key components of the stroma normally involved in maintenance of extracellular matrix and tissue function; however, the term ‘fibroblast’ is used to describe a heterogeneous population of cells that vary in phenotype both between and within anatomical sites. Fibroblasts possess Toll-like receptors allowing them to respond to pathogen and damage-related signals by producing proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6, PGE2, and GM-CSF and can produce a range of chemokines such as CXCL12, CXCL13, and CXCL8 which attract B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils to sites of inflammation. Interactions between leukocytes and fibroblasts can facilitate increased survival of the leukocytes and modulate phenotypes leading to differential gene expression in the presence of mediators involved in inflammation. Fibroblasts also contribute to collateral tissue damage during inflammation through the production of members of the metalloproteinase family and cathepsins and also through induction of osteoclastogenesis leading to increased bone resorption rates. In persistent diseases, fibroblasts obtain an imprinted, aggressive phenotype leading to the production of higher basal levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the ability to damage tissue in the absence of continual stimuli. This aggressive phenotype offers an attractive new target for therapeutics that could help alleviate the burden of persistent inflammation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rheumatology Research Group, Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK

    Jason D. Turner, Amy J. Naylor, Christopher Buckley & Andrew Filer

  2. The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Christopher Buckley

  3. Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Paul-Peter Tak

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  1. Jason D. Turner
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  2. Amy J. Naylor
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  3. Christopher Buckley
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  4. Andrew Filer
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  5. Paul-Peter Tak
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Correspondence to Jason D. Turner .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Somerville College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Benjamin M.J Owens

  2. F-star Biotechnology Ltd., Cambridge, UK

    Matthew A. Lakins

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Turner, J.D., Naylor, A.J., Buckley, C., Filer, A., Tak, PP. (2018). Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts in Inflammation and Bone Damage. In: Owens, B., Lakins, M. (eds) Stromal Immunology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1060. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78127-3_3

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