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Zusammenfassung

Superfizielle Mykosen gehören zu den häufigsten Infektionskrankheiten in der dermatologischen Praxis. Bei den Dermatophytosen bedingen Migration und Tourismus Änderungen des Erregerspektrums und neue, insbesondere molekulare Methoden haben die Klassifikation der Dermatophyten verändert. Die Berücksichtigung von Prädispositionsfaktoren ist für die Diagnostik und Therapie opportunistischer Infektionen durch Hefepilze bedeutsam. Subkutane Mykosen finden sich vor allem in tropischen und subtropischen Regionen (Ausnahme: kutane Alternariose) und haben oft eine breite Differenzialdiagnose. Bei Systemmykosen kann die Haut das Organ der Erstmanifestation darstellen oder Zielorgan bei einer Sepsis (Aspergillose, Fusariose, Zygomykosen) sein. Eine erfolgreiche lokale und systemische Therapie setzt bei allen Mykosen eine exakte Diagnostik mit Erregernachweis voraus. Diese Daten sind entscheidend für die Wahl des Antimykotikums, Art der Verabreichung sowie Dosis und Dauer.

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Mayser, P. (2018). Mykosen. In: Plewig, G., Ruzicka, T., Kaufmann, R., Hertl, M. (eds) Braun-Falco’s Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49544-5_16

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