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Polytrauma des geriatrischen Patienten

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Management des Schwerverletzten

Zusammenfassung

Aufgrund des demographischen Wandels und der zunehmenden Aktivität älterer Menschen nimmt die Inzidenz polytraumatisierter geriatrischer Patienten zu. Zumeist sind Stürze die Ursache, die v. a. in Schädel-Hirn-Traumata (SHT), Thoraxtraumata und Extremitätenverletzungen resultieren. Die Behandlungsprinzipien unterscheiden sich nicht grundsätzlich von denen jüngerer Patienten. Besonderheiten ergeben sich in der Frühphase v. a. durch eine Vormedikation mit gerinnungshemmenden Medikamenten. Nach Stabilisierung der Patienten steht die Frühmobilisierung und Behandlung der Grunderkrankungen unter geriatrischer Beteiligung zur Vermeidung von Sekundärkomplikationen im Vordergrund. Extremitätenverletzungen sollten belastungs- bzw. übungsstabil versorgt werden. Thoraxtraumata können größtenteils konservativ mit additiven Regionalanästhesieverfahren behandelt werden. Bei ungünstigen Verläufen – gerade bei schweren SHT – müssen nicht selten End-of-Life-Entscheidungen getroffen werden, für die die Kenntnis des Patientenwillens essentiell sind. Trotz aller Bemühungen sind die Behandlungsergebnisse deutlich schlechter als bei jüngeren Patienten, was mit den Vorerkrankungen und den schlechteren Kompensationsmöglichkeiten der geriatrischen Patienten erklärt werden kann.

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Bücking, B. (2018). Polytrauma des geriatrischen Patienten. In: Pape, HC., Hildebrand, F., Ruchholtz, S. (eds) Management des Schwerverletzten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54980-3_29

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54980-3_29

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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