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Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy by the Mitochondria-Associated Membrane

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Organelle Contact Sites

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 997))

Abstract

Mitochondria are powerhouses and central to metabolism in cells. They are highly dynamic organelles that continuously fuse, divide, and move along the cytoskeleton to form the mitochondrial network. The fusion and fission are catalyzed by four dynamin-related GTPases in mammals that are controlled by a variety of protein-protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. Mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism are linked and regulate each other. Starvation induces mitochondrial elongation, which enables the mitochondria to produce energy more efficiently and to escape from autophagic degradation. Damaged portions of mitochondria are removed from the healthy parts by division, and subsequently degraded via a specific mode of autophagy termed mitophagy. Recent studies shed light on the contribution of the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondrial dynamics and the cooperation of the two organelles for the progression of autophagy including mitophagy. A subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum apposed to mitochondria is called the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), which comprises a unique set of proteins that interact with mitochondrial proteins. Here we review our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondria-related processes in the context of the interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Dr. Ayumu Sugiura for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, #26111520 and #26713016 (to K.A.), and the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (to M.T., and K.A.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Katsuko Tani, who prematurely passed away on March 27, 2016.

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan

    Mitsuo Tagaya & Kohei Arasaki

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  1. Mitsuo Tagaya
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  2. Kohei Arasaki
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Correspondence to Mitsuo Tagaya .

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan

    Mitsuo Tagaya

  2. Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Thomas Simmen

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Tagaya, M., Arasaki, K. (2017). Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy by the Mitochondria-Associated Membrane. In: Tagaya, M., Simmen, T. (eds) Organelle Contact Sites. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 997. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_3

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