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Electron microscope observations of the body wall of Trichuris suis, Schrank, 1788 (Nematoda: Trichuroidea)

I. The cuticle and bacillary band

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Summary

The layered, non-cellular cuticle of Trichuris suis is perforated over a third of its circumference by a number of hypodermal protrusions. This zone of hypodermal protrusions constitutes the bacillary band which is confined to the cuticle of the anterior, oesophageal region of the nematode.

A triple-layered membrane covers the cuticular layers which are eight in number and reach a total thickness of approximately 11 μ. Apart from a layer exhibiting a distinct striated pattern in the cortex, all the layers are of a solid, fibrous nature. The outer membrane is covered by a well-defined electron-dense layer possibly of host origin.

The tall columnar hypodermal protrusions originate in a common hypodermal base but are separated for much of their length by solid columns of layered cuticle. They terminate apically in a plug of dense material beneath which lies a flaskshaped chamber. The remainder of the protrusion is a glandular structure termed the bacillary cell which is separated from the layered cuticle by a thin cytoplasmic sheath. Extensive infoldings of the plasma membrane are displayed by the bacillary cell. It contains a basally situated nucleus, numerous mitochondria, few Golgi complexes, ribosomes and electron-dense bodies. The bacillary cells are supported by a basement layer.

The possible function of the bacillary band is discussed in relation to electron microscope findings.

Zusammenfassung

Die geschichtete, nichtcelluläre Cuticula von Trichuris suis ist über ein Drittel ihres Umfanges durch eine Anzahl von hypodermalen Protrusionen perforiert. Diese Zone der hypodermalen Protrusionen bildet das stäbchenförmige Band („bacillary“ band), das auf die Cuticula der vorderen oesophagealen Region des Nematoden beschränkt ist.

Eine dreifach geschichtete Membran bedeckt die aus insgesamt 8 Schichten bestehende Cuticula; sie erreicht eine Gesamtdicke von annähernd 11 μ. Abgesehen von einer Schicht, die ein deutlich gestreiftes Muster in der Cortex aufweist, sind alle Schichten fester, fibröser Natur. Die äußere Membran ist bedeckt von einer gut erkennbaren elektronendichten Schicht, die möglicherweise vom Wirt stammt. Die langen säulenförmigen hypodermalen Protrusionen gehen von einer gemeinsamen hypodermalen Grundlage aus, sind aber getrennt zum großen Teil in ihrer Länge durch feste Säulen der geschichteten Cuticula. Sie enden apikal in einem „Pfropfen“ aus dichtem Material, unter dem eine flaschenförmige Kammer liegt. Der Rest der Protrusion, als „Bacillary“-Zelle bezeichnet, ist von drüsiger Struktur und von der geschichteten Cuticula durch eine dünne Cytoplasmahülle getrennt. Die „Bacillary“-Zelle weist zahlreiche Faltungen der Plasmamembran auf. Sie enthält einen basal gelegenen Zellkern, zahlreiche Mitochondrien, einige Golgi-Komplexe, Ribosomen und elektronendichte Körper. Unter den „Bacillary“-Zellen liegt eine Basalschicht.

Die mögliche Funktion des „Bacillary“-Bandes wird im Zusammenhang mit den elektronenmikroskopischen Befunden diskutiert.

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Jenkins, T. Electron microscope observations of the body wall of Trichuris suis, Schrank, 1788 (Nematoda: Trichuroidea). Z. F. Parasitenkunde 32, 374–387 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00259650

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