Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Total, anti-viral, and anti-myelin IgG subclass reactivity in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system

  • Short Communications
  • Published:
Journal of Neurology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Total IgG subclass levels, anti-viral, anti-myelin basic protein (anti-MBP), and anti-ganglioside 1 (anti-GM1) IgG subclass levels were measured in 6 patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE), 16 with borreliosis, 8 with other bacterial infections, 12 with multiple sclerosis (MS), 13 with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), 5 with glioblastoma and 12 controls. Total IgG1 levels were elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from all patient groups (but not in the controls), IgG2 in bacterial infections, IgG3 in HSVE and borreliosis and IgG4 in some SSPE patients. The anti-viral (anti-measles, varicella zoster virus and rubella) IgG antibodies in MS were restricted to IgG1, anti-measles IgG to IgG1 and sometimes IgG4 in SSPE, anti-borrelia IgG to IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3. In contrast to anti-viral antibodies, anti-MBP and GM1 antibodies belonged to IgG1, IgG3 or IgG4 in MS. The nature of the immunological activation appears to be reflected in the subclass patterns elicited in the central nervous system. Different IgG subclass patterns in infectious diseases and MS suggest a difference between antigen-specific and non-specific B-cell activation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Aalberse RC, van der Gaag R, van Leeuwen J (1983) Serologic aspects of IgG4 antibodies. I. Prolonged immunization results in an IgG4-restricted response. J Immunol 130:722–726

    Google Scholar 

  2. Denburg JA, Carbotte RM, Denburg SD (1987) Neuronal antibodies and cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology 37:464–467

    Google Scholar 

  3. Devey ME, Bleasdale K, French MAH, Harrison G (1985) The IgG4 subclass is associated with a low affinity antibody response to tetanus toxoid in man. Immunology 55:565–567

    Google Scholar 

  4. Eickhoff K, Kaschka W, Skvaril F, Theilkaes L, Heipertz R (1979) Determination of IgG subgroups in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients and others. Acta Neurol Scand 60:277–282

    Google Scholar 

  5. Felgenhauer K, Ackermann R (1985) Early diagnosis and treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis. J Neurol 232:123–124

    Google Scholar 

  6. Felgenhauer K, Schädlich H-J, Nekic M, Ackermann R (1985) Cerebrospinal fluid virus antibodies. A diagnostic indicator for multiple sclerosis? J Neurol Sci 71:291–299

    Google Scholar 

  7. Garcia-Merino A, Persson MAA, Ernerudh J, Diaz-Gil JJ, Olsson T (1986) Serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibodies against myelin basic protein and their IgG subclass distribution in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 49:1066–1070

    Google Scholar 

  8. Gilljam G, Sundqvist V-A, Linde A, Pihlstedt P, Eklund AE, Wahren B (1985) Sensitive analytic ELISAs for subclass herpes virus IgG. J Virol Methods 10:203–214

    Google Scholar 

  9. Górny MK, Wróblewska Z, Pleasure D, Miller SL, Wajgt A, Koprowski H (1983) CSF antibodies to myelin basic protein and oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. Acta Neurol Scand 67:338–347

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hardin JA, Steere AC, Malawista SF (1979) Immune complexes and the evolution of Lyme arthritis. N Engl J Med 301:1358–1363

    Google Scholar 

  11. Johansson PJ, Blomberg J (1986) Anti-herpes simplex type 1 activity in IgG subclasses produced systemically and intrathecally in patients with herpes encephalitis. J Neurol 322:1–8

    Google Scholar 

  12. Johnson RT (ed) (1983) Viral infections of the nervous system. Raven Press, New York, pp 76–81

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kascka WP, Theilkaes L, Eickhoff K, Skvaril F (1979) Disproportionate elevation of the immunoglobulin G1 concentration in cerebrospinal fluids of patients with multiple sclerosis. Infect Immun 26:933–941

    Google Scholar 

  14. Leibowitz S, Hughes RAC (eds) (1983) Immunology of the nervous system. Arnold, London, pp 26–27

    Google Scholar 

  15. Leibowitz S, Hughes RAC (eds) (1983) Immunology of the nervous system. Arnold, London, pp 35–37

    Google Scholar 

  16. Linde GA, Hammarström L, Persson MAA, Smith CIE, Sundqvist V-A, Wahren B (1983) Virus-specific antibody activity of different subclasses of immunoglobulins G and A in cytomegalovirus infections. Infect Immun 42:237–244

    Google Scholar 

  17. Linde A, Sundqvist V-A, Mathiesen T, Wahren B (1988) IgG subclasses to subviral components. Monogr Allergy 23:27–32

    Google Scholar 

  18. Link H, Kostulas V (1983) Utility of isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid and serum on agarose evaluated for neurological patients. Clin Chem 29:810–815

    Google Scholar 

  19. Link H, Tibbling G (1977) Principles of albumin and IgG analyses in neurological disorders. III. Evaluation of IgG synthesis within the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 37:397–401

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mathiesen T, Fridell E, Fredriksson S, Linde A, Sundqvist V-A, Edler D, Wahren B (1988a) Combination ELISAs for antiviral antibodies in CSF and serum in patients with neurological symptoms and in healthy controls. J Virol Methods 19:169–180

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mathiesen T, Linde A, Olding-Stenkvist E, Wahren B (1988b) Specific IgG subclass reactivity in herpes simplex encephalitis. J Neurol 235:400–406

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mathiesen T, Sönnerborg A, Wahren B (1989) Detection of antibodies against myelin basic protein and increased levels of HIV-IgG antibodies and HIV antigen after solubilization of immune complexes in sera and CSF of HIV infected patients. Viral Immunol (in press)

  23. Mathiesen T, Sundqvist V-A, Albert J, Ohlsson E, Wahren B (1989) Acid hydrolysis of serum samples to increase detection of HIV antigen. J Virol Methods (in press)

  24. Mehta PD (1987) Quantitation of IgG subclasses in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Abstract, Second International Congress of Neuroimmunology, Philadelphia. J Neuroimmunol 16:121

    Google Scholar 

  25. Möller E, Ström H, Al-Balaghi S (1980) Role of polyclonal activation in specific immune responses. Relevance for findings of antibody activity in various diseases. Scand J Immunol 12:177–182

    Google Scholar 

  26. Morell A, Skvaril F, Steinberg AG, Loghem E van, Terry WD (1972) Correlations between the concentrations of the four subclasses of IgG and Gm allotypes in normal human sera. J Immunol 108:195–206

    Google Scholar 

  27. Norrby E (1978) Viral antibodies in multiple sclerosis. Prog Med Virol 24:1–39

    Google Scholar 

  28. Norrby E, Link H, Olsson J-E, Panelius M, Salmi A, Vandvik B (1974) Comparison of antibodies against different viruses in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from patients with multiple sclerosis. Infect Immun 10:688–694

    Google Scholar 

  29. Olsson I, Hammarström L, Smith CIE, Hovmark A, Åsbrink E (1987) IgG subclasses of specific antibodies in Ixodes recinusborne borreliosis. Clin Exp Immunol 69:618–623

    Google Scholar 

  30. Panitch HS, Hooper CJ, Johnson KP (1980) CSF antibody to myelin basic protein. Measurement in patients with multiple sclerosis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Arch Neurol 37:206–209

    Google Scholar 

  31. Persson MAA, Hammarström L, Smith CIE, Stricker EAM (1987) The use of human antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of anti-HBsAg antibody subclasses. J Immunol Methods 100:107–115

    Google Scholar 

  32. Riesen WF, Skvaril F, Braun DG (1976) Natural infection of man with group A streptococci. Scand J Immunol 5:383–390

    Google Scholar 

  33. Schumacher G, Beebe G, Kibler R, Kurland L, Kurtzke I, McDowell F, Nagles B, Sibley W, Tourtelotte WW, Willmon TL (1965) Problems of experimental trials of therapy in multiple sclerosis: report by the panel on the evaluation of experimental trials of therapy in multiple sclerosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 122:552–568

    Google Scholar 

  34. Sieber GR, Schur PH, Aisenberg AL, Weitzmann SA, Schiffman G (1980) Correlation between serum IgG-2 concentrations and the antibody response to bacterial poly-saccharide antigens. N Engl J Med 303:178–182

    Google Scholar 

  35. Stiernstedt GT, Granström M, Hederstedt B, Sköldenberg B (1985) Diagnosis of spirochetal meningitis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Microbiol 21:819–825

    Google Scholar 

  36. Sundqvist V-A, Linde A, Wahren B (1984) Virus-specific immunoglobulin G subclasses in herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. J Clin Microbiol 20:94–98

    Google Scholar 

  37. Vandvik B, Natvig JB, Wiger D (1976) IgG1 subclass restriction of oligoclonal IgG from cerebrospinal fluids and brain extracts in patients with multiple sclerosis and subacute encephalitides. Scand J Immunol 5:427–436

    Google Scholar 

  38. Vandvik B, Natvig JB, Norrby E (1977) IgG1 subclass restriction of oligoclonal measles virus-specific IgG antibodies in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Scand J Immunol 6:651–657

    Google Scholar 

  39. Warren KG, Catz I (1986) Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid anti-myelin basic protein in patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 20:20–25

    Google Scholar 

  40. Yount WJ, Dorner MM, Kunkel HG, Kabat EA (1968) Studies on human antibodies. VI. Selective variations in subgroup composition and genetic markers. J Exp Med 127:633–646

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, S-105 21, Stockholm, Sweden

    T. Mathiesen, G. Wirsén, V. -A. Sundqvist & B. Wahren

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institute, S-10401, Stockholm, Sweden

    T. Mathiesen & H. van Holst

  3. Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, S-10521, Stockholm, Sweden

    T. Mathiesen & E. Norrby

  4. Department of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, S-141 86, Huddinge, Sweden

    S. Fredrikson

  5. Department of Bacteriology, National Bateriological Laboratory, S-105 21, Stockholm, Sweden

    B. Hederstedt

Authors
  1. T. Mathiesen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. van Holst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Fredrikson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. Wirsén
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. B. Hederstedt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. E. Norrby
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. V. -A. Sundqvist
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. B. Wahren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mathiesen, T., van Holst, H., Fredrikson, S. et al. Total, anti-viral, and anti-myelin IgG subclass reactivity in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. J Neurol 236, 238–242 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00314506

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00314506

Key words

Search

Navigation