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Acute obstruction from tumour in the left colon without spread

A randomized trial of emergency colostomy versus resection

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Abstract

Staged resection (group T) versus acute resection (group R) for cure was compared in a randomized study of 121 patients presenting with signs of leftsided obstructive colorectal tumours during emergency surgery from 1978 to 1993. Patients with distant spread were excluded. Transverse colostomy was done in 58 and resection without immediate anastomosis in 56. Duration of energency surgery was shorter, bloodtransfusions less and wound infections less frequent in T compared to R, but postoperative mortality was similar (8 patients in each group). The diagnosis of tumour was wrong in 11 patients in T and 6 in R. The proportion of patients surviving the second stage curative resection in T without a permanent colostomy (32/35) was higher than after acute resection (36/50) in spite of 6 patients having anastomotic surgery (Coloshield) at the time of acute resection in R. Days spent in hospital were less in R. Overall recurrence rates and survival rates were similar in T and R. No major advantage besides shorter hospital stay could be demonstrated by acute resection without simultaneous anastomosis compared with the traditional three state procedure, which on the other hand carried a much smaller risk of a permanent colostomy. The latter should therefore serve as a control in a prospective evaluation of emergency resection with simultaneous anastomosis.

Résumé

La résection différée (groupe T) a été comparée à la résection en urgence (groupe R) chez 121 patients randomisés présentant les signes d'une occulusion colo-rectale gauche d'origine tumorale opérée en urgence entre 1978 et 1993. Les patients porteurs de métastases ont été exclus. Une colostomie transverse a été réalisée chez 58 malades et une résection sans anastomose chez 56. Dans le groupe T, la durée de l'intervention chirurgicale était plus courte, le nombre de transfusions sanguines nécessaires inférieur et le taux de surinfection de plaie inférieur à celui observé dans le groupe R mais la mortalité post-opératoire était identique dans les deux groupes (8 patients dans chaque collectif). Le diagnostic de tumeur était erroné chez 11 patients du groupe T et 6 patients du groupe R. La proportion de patients vivant après la résection curative du deuxième temps opératoire dans le groupe T sans colostomie (32/35) était plus élevée qu'après la résection en urgence (36/50) bien que 6 patients aient eu un rétablissement de la continuité avec un coloshield au moment de la résection en urgence dans le groupe R. La durée du séjour hospitalier était inférieure dans le groupe R. L'incidence globale des récidives et le taux de survie étaient similaires dans les groupes T et R. Aucun avantage majeur en dehors de la durée plus brève du séjour hospitalier n'a pu être démontrée en comparant la résection en urgence sans anastomose et la technique en trois temps opératoires qui comporte, par ailleurs, un risque plus réduit de devoir laisser une stomie permanente. Cette dernière doit donc servir de contrôle dans une évaluation prospective de la résection en urgence avec anastomose simultanée.

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Kronborg, O. Acute obstruction from tumour in the left colon without spread. Int J Colorect Dis 10, 1–5 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00337576

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