Skip to main content
Log in

Bone scanning in the child and young adult

Part I

  • Articles
  • Published:
Skeletal Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Radionuclide bone scanning will identify readily areas of the skeleton where vascularity or osteogenesis is disturbed. Frequently, this will be achieved with a greater sensitivity than orthodox radiology by reflecting altered local physiology of bone. This procedure is, therefore, valuable not only for identifying metastatic disease, but also in benign skeletal disorders characterised by altered blood flow or osteoblastic reaction. These changes occur in many diseases involving bone which are more common in children and young adults. Special attention to the performance of the study and to its interpretation is, however, required in these age groups. The bone scan is invaluable in detecting metastatic disease related to either primary bone tumours or other neoplasia, both in the initial investigation and in the evaluation of therapy. Extra-osseous uptake may also occur, providing useful information relevant to the care of these patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abbud, Y., Balachandran, S., Prince, M.J., Chausmer, A.B.: Scintiscans of two siblings with tumoral calcinosis. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 117 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alderson, P.O., Gilday, D.L., Wagner H.N. Jr.: Atlas of paediatric nuclear medicine. St. Louis: Mosby 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Antonmattei, S., Tetalman, M.C., Lloyd, T.V.: The multiscan appearance of eosinophilic granuloma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 53 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bekerman, C., Port, R.B., Pang, E., Moohr, J.W., Kranzler, J.K.: Scintigraphic evaluation of childhood malignancies by 67Ga-citrate. Radiology 127, 719 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brady, L.W., Croll, M.N.: The role of bone scanning in the cancer patient. Skeletal Radiol. 3, 217 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cheng, T.H., Holman, B.L.: Radionuclide assessment of Gaucher's disease J. Nucl. Med. 19, 1333 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Conway, J.J., Gooneratne, N., Simon, G.: Radionuclide evaluation of distal femoral metaphyseal irregularities which simulate neoplasm. J. Nucl. Med. 16, 521 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  8. De Graaf, P., Schicht, I.M., Pauwels, E.K.J., TeVelde, J., De Graeff, J.: Bone scintigraphy in renal osteodystrophy. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 1289 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Edeling, C.J.: Tumour visualisation using gallium-67 scintigraphy in children. Radiology 127, 727 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Epstein, D.A., Levin, E.J.: Bone scintigraphy in hereditary multiple exostoses. Am. J. Roentgenol. 130, 331 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fitzer, P.M.: Radionuclide angiography — brain and bone imaging in cranio-facial fibrous dysplasia (CFD): case report. J. Nucl. Med. 18, 709 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fogelman, I., McKillop, J.H., Bessent, R.G., Boyle, I., Turner, J.G., Greig, W.R.: The role of bone scanning in osteomalacia. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 245 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fogelman, I., McKillop, J.H., Cowden, E.A., Fine, A., Boyce, B., Boyle, I.T., Greig, W.R.: Bone scan findings in hypervitaminosis D. J. Nucl. Med. 18, 1205 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Front, D., Hardoff, R., Levy, J., Benderly, D.: Bone scintigraphy in scurvy. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 916 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ghaed, N., Thrall, J.H., Pinsky, S.M., Johnson, M.C.: Detection of extraosseous metastases with 99mTc-polyphosphate bone scanning. Radiology 112, 373 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gilday, D.L., Ash, J.M.: Benign bone tumours. Semin. Nucl. Med. 6, 33 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gilday, D.L., Ash, J.M., Reilly, B.J.: Radionuclide skeletal survey for paediatric neoplasms. Radiology 123, 399 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Goergen, T.G., Alzraki, N.P., Halpern, S.E., Heath, V., Ashburn, W.L.: Cold bone lesions: A newly recognised phenomenon of bone imaging. J. Nucl. Med. 15, 1120 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Goldman, A.B., Braunstein, P.: Augmented radioactivity on bone scans of lesions bearing osteosarcomas. J. Nucl. Med. 16, 423 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Goldstein, H.A., Traves, S.: Bone scintigraphy of osteoid osteoma: A clinical review. Clin. Nucl. Med. 3, 359 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Harcke, H.T.: Bone imaging in infants and children: A review. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 324 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Holmes, R.A.: Quantification of skeletal Tc-99m labeled phosphate to detect metabolic bone disease. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 330 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Howman-Giles, R.B., Gilday, D.L., Ash, J.M.: Radionuclide skeletal survey in neuroblastoma. Radiology 131, 497 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hughes, S.P.F., Benson, M.K.D., Ell, P.J., Britto, K.E.: Use of 99mTc-EHDP as scanning agent in detection of metastases from osteosarcoma. Fortschr. Roentgenstr. Nuklearmed. (ROEFO) 126, 551 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jaffe, N., Traggis, D., Cassady, J.R., Filler, M., Watts, H., Frei, E.: The role of high-dose method methorexate with citrovorum factor “rescue” in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2, 261 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kaufman, R.A., Thrall, J.H., Keyes, J.W., Brown, M.L., Zakem, J.F.: False negative bone scans in neuroblastoma metastatic to the end of the long bones. Am. J. Roentgenol. 130, 131 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lutrin, C.L., McDougall, I.R., Goris, M.L.: Intense concentration of 99mTc-PYP in the kidneys of children treated with chemotherapeutic drugs for malignant disease. Radiology, 128, 165 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Martin, N.L., Preston, D.F., Robinson, R.G.: Osteoblastomas of the axial skeleton shown by skeletal scanning. J. Nucl. Med. 17, 187 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  29. McNeil, B.J.: Rationale for the use of bone scans in selected metastatic and primary bone tumours. Semin. Nucl. Med. 8, 336 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Murray, I.P.C.: The phosphate revolution; a guide to the literature. Proc. 1st Asia and Oceania Congress of Nuclear Medicine, Appendix 3. Sydney: Asla and Oceania Federation of Nuclear Medicine 1976

    Google Scholar 

  31. Oren, V.O., Uszler, J.M.: Liver metastases of oat cell carcinoma of lung detected on 99mTc-diphosphonate bone scan. Clin. Nucl. Med. 3, 355 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Parker, A., Jones, A.G., Davis, M.A., McIlmoyle, G., Tow D.: Reduced uptake of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals related to iron excess. Clin. Nucl. Med. 1, 267 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Paul, D.J., Gilday, D.L., Gurd, A., Bobechko, W.: A better method of imaging the abnormal hips. Radiology 113, 466 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Samuels, L.D.: Skeletal scintigraphy in children. Semin. Nucl. Med. 3, 89 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Schuechter, J.P., Jones, S.E., Woolfenden, J.M., Lilien, D.L., O'Mara, R.E.: Bone scanning in lymphoma. Cancer 38, 1142 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Siddiqui, A.R., Wellman, H.N., Weetman, R.M., Smith, W.L.: Bone scanning in management of metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 6 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Spencer, R.P.: Pseudo-Legg-Perthes' disease in metastatic neuroblastoma. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 82 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sty, J.R., Babbitt, D.P., Casper, J.T., Boedecker, R.A.: 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate imaging in neural crest tumours. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 12 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Sty, J.R., Babbitt, D.P., Kun, L.: Atlas of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate renal images in paediatric oncology. Clin. Nucl. Med. 4, 122 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Subramanian, G., McAfee, J.G.: A new complex of 99mTc for skeletal imaging. Radiology 99, 192 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Swift, T.R., Brown, M.: 99mTc pyrophosphate muscle labelling in McArdle syndrome. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 295 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Sy, M.W.: Bone scan in primary hyperparathyroidism. J. Nucl. Med. 15, 1089 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Thomas, S.R., Gelfand, M.J., Kerelakes, J.G., Astoli, F.A., Maxon, H.R., Sanger, E., Feller, P.A., Sodd, V.J., Paras, P.: Dose to the metaphyseal growth complexes in children undergoing 99mTc-EHDP bone scans. Radiology 126, 193 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Thrall, J.H., Geslein, G.E., Corcoran, R.J., Johnson, M.C.: Abnormal radionuclide deposition patterns adjacent to focal skeletal lesions. Radiology 115, 659 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Thrall, J.H., Ghaed, N., Geslein, G.E., Pinksy, S.M., Johnson, M.C.: Pitfalls in 99mTc polyphosphate skeletal imaging. Am. J. Roentgenol. 121, 79 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Vieras, F., Boyd, C.M.: Diagnostic value of renal imaging incidental to bone scintigraphy with 99mTc phosphate compounds. J. Nucl. Med. 16, 1109 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Vogelsang, H., Stoppler, L., Thiede, G.: Fibrous dysplasia of the skull — a radiological, computer tomographic and scintigraphic study. ROEFO 128, 253 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Williams, J.L., Capitanio, M.A., Harcke, H.T. Jr.: Bone scanning in neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis. J. Nucl. Med. 19, 861 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Yang, S.L., Alderson, P.O., Kaizer, H.A., Wagner, H.N. Jr.: Serial Ga-67 citrate imaging in children with neoplastic disease. J. Nucl. Med. 20, 310 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Part II of this article will appear in the next number of Skeletal Radiology

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Murray, I.P.C. Bone scanning in the child and young adult. Skeletal Radiol. 5, 1–14 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00347091

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00347091

Key words

Navigation