Skip to main content
Log in

Clinical and arthrographic studies on the valve mechanism in communicating popliteal cysts

  • Original Works
  • Published:
Archives of orthopaedic and traumatic surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Forty-one knee joints presenting with significant popliteal cysts were examined clinically and arthrographically. The fluid was aspirated from the cysts and replaced by contrast medium of low viscosity. On knee flexion the contrast fluid spontaneously passed over into the joint in 16 cases (no valve mechanism), in 7 small amounts of fluid were forced into the joint when the cysts were manually compressed, and in 18 no fluid passage to the joint was observed on manipulation (valve mechanism). When a valvular action was established, effusion in the joint was rare and the fluid from the cyst was usually viscous. The cysts with a valvular connection were significantly larger than those without a valve mechanism.

Zusammenfassung

Einundvierzig Kniekehlenzysten wurden arthrographisch untersucht. Nach Abpunktieren des Zysteninhaltes und Einbringen von Röntgenkontrastmittel niedriger Viskosität wurde bei passiver Kniebeugung in 16 Fällen ein spontaner Flüssigkeitsübertritt ins Gelenk beobachtet, in sieben wurde erst nach ausgiebigem Komprimieren der Zysten geringer retrograder Gelenkübertritt erzwungen, in 18 Fällen wurde ein totaler Ventilmechanismus diagnostiziert. Beim Vorliegen eines Ventilmechanismus war der Zysteninhalt meist hochviskös, im Gelenk war kein oder nur geringer Ergut3 nachweisbar, und die Zysten waren signifikant größer als in Fällen, in denen kein Ventilmechanismus vorhanden war. Der prognostische und differentialdiagnostische Wert der Röntgenmethode wird erörtert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Beatty, D. C.: Rheumatoid cysts of the calf. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 52, 1106–1108 (1959)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, R. M., Hughes, G. R. V., Bywaters, E. G. L., Holt, P. J. L.: Studies on a popliteal synovial fistula. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 31, 482–486 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bryan, R. S.: Popliteal cysts and “thrombophlebitis”. Clin. Orthop. 50, 209–213 (1967)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doppman, J. L.: Baker's cyst and the normal gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa. Am. J. Roentgenol. 94, 646–652 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucher, E.: Mémoire sur les kystes de la région poplitée. Arch. Gén. Méd. 8, 313–335 (1856)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gristina, A. G., Wilson, P. D.: Popliteal cysts in adults and children. A review of 90 cases. Arch. Surg. 88, 357–363 (1964)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guyton, A. C.: Interstitial fluid pressure: II. Pressure-volume curves of interstitial space. Circulat. Res. 16, 452–460 (1965)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, A. P., Scott, J. T.: Synovial cysts and rupture of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis. An arthrographic study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 25, 32–41 (1966)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hunder, G. G., Polley, H. F.: Detecting small effusions of the knee. Postgrad. Med. 40, 689–692 (1966)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jayson, M. I. V., Dixon, A. St. J.: Valvular mechanisms in juxta-articular cysts. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 29, 415–420 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren, P. G., Willén, R.: Gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa and its relation to the knee joint. I. Anatomy and histology. Acta Radiol. Diagnosis 18, 497–512 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren, P. G.: Gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa and its relation to the knee joint. II. Post mortem radiography. Acta Radiol. Diagnosis 18, 698–704 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren, P. G.: Gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa and its relation to the knee joint. III. Pressure measurements in joint and bursa. Acta Radiol. Diagnosis 19, 377–388 (1978a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren, P. G.: Gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa and its relation to the knee joint. IV. Clinical considerations. Acta Radiol. Diagnosis 19, 609–622 (1978b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Maudsley, R. H., Arden, G. P.: Rheumatoid cysts of the calf and their relation to Baker's cysts of the knee. J. Bone Jt. Surg. 43-B, 87–89 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rauschning, W.: Serial cryosectioning of human knee joint specimen for a study of functional anatomy. Science Tools 26, 47–50 (1979a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rauschning, W.: Anatomy and function of the communication between the knee joint and popliteal bursae. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 38, 50–55 (1979b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rauschning, W., Lindgren, P. G., Wik, O.: Popliteal cysts and their valvular communication. Viscosimetric and biochemical studies of the cyst fluid (to be published)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lindgren, P.G., Rauschning, W. Clinical and arthrographic studies on the valve mechanism in communicating popliteal cysts. Arch. Orth. Traum. Surg. 95, 245–250 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00389693

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00389693

Keywords

Navigation