Summary
Lithium, administered intraperitoneally to rats in doses of 2.5 to 15 meq/kg body wt., did not alter the noradrenaline content of the brain; but when given together with a tyrosine-hydroxylase inhibitor, H 44/68, it produced a depletion of brain noradrenaline which was more pronounced than that produced by H 44/68 alone. The effect of lithium on cerebral noradrenaline depletion appeared to be correlated with the lithium concentration in the brain tissue. Histochemical studies also showed that the administration of lithium and H 44/68 together led to a stronger reduction in fluorescence intensity of the noradrenaline neuron terminals in the brain than that seen after H 44/68 alone.
Lithium did not affect the depletion of dopamine produced by H 44/68 or the depletion of 5-hydroxytryptamine produced by the tryptophanhydroxylase inhibitor H 22/54.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andén, N. E., H. Corrodi, A. Dahlström, K. Fuxe, and T. Hökfelt: Effects of tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition on the amine levels of central monoamine neurons. Life Sci. 5, 561–568 (1966).
Baastrup, P. C., and M. Schou: Lithium as a prophylactic agent. Its effect against recurrent depressions and manic-depressive psychosis. Arch. gen. Psychiat. 16, 162–172 (1967).
Bertler, Å., A. Carlsson, and E. Rosengren: A method for the fluorimetric determination of adrenaline and noradrenaline in tissues. Acta physiol. scand. 44, 273–292 (1958).
—, and E. Rosengren: On the distribution in brain of monoamines and of enzymes responsible for their formation. Experientia (Basel) 15, 382–384 (1959).
Bunney, W. E., jr., and J. M. Davis: Norepinephrine in depressive reactions. A review. Arch. gen. Psychiat. 13, 483–494 (1965).
Cade, J. F. J.: Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement. Med. J. Aust. 36, 349–352 (1949).
Carlsson, A., and M. Lindqvist: In-vivo decarboxylation of α-methyl DOPA and α-methyl metatyrosine. Acta physiol. scand. 54, 87–94 (1962).
—, and B. Waldeck: α-Substituierte Dopacetamide als Hemmer der Catechol-O-methyl-transferase und der enzymatischen Hydroxylierung aromatischer Aminosäuren. Helv. chim. Acta 46, 2271–2285 (1963).
Carlsson, A., K. Fuxe, B. Hamberger, and M. Lindqvist: Biochemical and histochemical studies on the effects of imipramine-like drugs and (+)-amphetamine on central and peripheral catecholamine neurons. Acta physiol. scand. 67, 481–497 (1966).
Coppen, A.: Mineral metabolism in affective disorders. Brit. J. Psychiat. 111, 1133–1142 (1965).
Corrodi, H., and L. C. F. Hanson: Central effects of an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylation. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 10, 116–125 (1966).
—, and T. Hökfelt: The effects of barbiturates on the activity of the catecholamine neurones in the rat brain. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 18, 556–558 (1966a).
— — —: The effect of ethanol on the activity of central catecholamine neurones in rat brain. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 18, 821–823 (1966b).
- - - The effect of desipramine and (+)-amphetamine on changes in intraneuronal catecholamine levels induced by tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition. Unpublished data (1967).
Dahlström, A., and K. Fuxe: Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. Acta physiol. scand. 62, Suppl. 232, 1–55 (1964).
Hamberger, B.: Reserpine-resistant uptake of catecholamines in isolated tissues in the rat. Acta physiol. scand. (in print) (1967).
-, and T. Malmfors: Personal communication (1967).
— — and Ch. Sachs: Standardization of paraformaldehyde and of certain procedures for the histochemical demonstration of catecholamines. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 13, 147 (1965).
Schanberg, S. M., J. J. Schildkraut, and I. J. Kopin: The effects of psychoactive drugs on norepinephrine-3H metabolism in brain. Biochem. Pharmacol. 16, 393–399 (1967).
Schildkraut, J. J.: The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: a review of supporting evidence. Amer. J. Psychiat. 122, 509–522 (1965).
—, and I. J. Kopin: The effects of lithium ion on H3-norepinephrine metabolism in brain. Life Sci. 5, 1479–1483 (1966).
Schou, M.: Lithium studies. I. Toxicity. Acta pharmacol. (Kbh.) 15, 70–84 (1958a).
—: Lithium studies. III. Distribution between serum and tissues. Acta pharmacol. (Kbh.) 15, 115–124 (1958b).
—: Lithium in psychiatric therapy. Stock-taking after ten years. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 1, 65–78 (1959).
—: The metabolism and biochemistry of lithium. In S. Garattini and M. N. G. Dukes (Eds.): Antidepressant Drugs, pp. 80–83. Amsterdam: Excerpta Med. Found., I. C. S. 122, (1967).
-, and P. C. Baastrup: Lithium and manic-depressive psychosis. Sandorama, special number, pp. 48–49 (1966).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Corrodi, H., Fuxe, K., Hökfelt, T. et al. The effect of lithium on cerebral monoamine neurons. Psychopharmacologia 11, 345–353 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404612
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404612