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Über Romanowsky-Farbstoffe und den Romanowsky-Giemsa-Effekt

1. Mitteilung: Azur B, Reinheit und Gehalt von Farbstoffen, Assoziation

Romanowsky dyes and romanowsky-giemsa effect

1. Azure B, purity and content of dye samples, association

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Summary

Azure B is the most important Romanowsky dye. In combination with eosin Y it produces the well known Romanowsky-Giemsa staining pattern on the cell. Usually commercial azure B is strongly contaminated. We prepared a sample of azure B-BF4 which was analytically pure and had no coloured impurities. The substance was used to redetermine the molar extinction coefficient \(\varepsilon (\tilde v)_M\) of monomeric azur B in alcoholic solution. In the maximum of the long wavelength absorption at \(\tilde v\)=15.61 kK (λ=641 nm) the absorptivity is ɛ(15.61) M =(9.40±0.15) ×104 M−1 cm−1. This extinction coefficient may be used for standardization of dye samples. In aqueous solution azur B forms dimers and even higher polymers with increasing concentration. The dissociation constant of the dimers, K=2,2×10−4 M (293 K), and the absorption spectra of pure monomers and dimers in water have been calculated from the concentration dependence of the spectra using an iterative procedure. The molar extinction coefficient of the monomers at 15.47 kK (646 nm) is ɛ(15.47) M =7.4×104 M−1 cm−1. The dimers have two long wavelength absorption bands at 14.60 and 16.80 kK (685 and 595 nm) with very different intensities 2×104 and 13.5×104 M−1 cm−1. The spectrum of the dimers in aqueous solution is in agreement with theoretical considerations of Förster (1946) and Levinson et al. (1957). It agrees with an antiparallel orientation of the molecules in the dimers. it may be that dimers bound to a substrate in the cell have another geometry than dimers in solution. In this case the weak long wavelength absorption of the dimers can increase.

Zusammenfassung

Azur B ist der wichtigste Romanowsky-Farbstoff. Zusammen mit Eosin Y erzeugt er in Zellen den bekannten Romanowsky-Giemsa-Effket.

Käufliches Azur B ist im allgemeinen stark verunreinigt. Deshalb haben wir chemisch reines Azur B-BF4 hergestellt, das keine farbigen Verunreinigungen enthält. Es wurde zur Bestimmung des molaren Extinktionskoeffizienten \(\varepsilon (\tilde v)_M\) des monomeren Azur B in Ethanol verwendet. Im Maximum der längstwelligen Absorptionsbande bei \(\tilde v\)=15,61 kK (λ=641 nm) beträgt der Extinktionskoeffizient ɛ(15,61) M =(9,40±0,15)×104 M−1 cm−1. Er dient zur Standardisierung von Farbstoffproben.

In wäßriger Lösung bildet Azur B mit steigender Konzentration Dimere und höhere Assoziate. Die Dissoziationskonstante der Dimeren K=2,2×10−4 M (293 K) und die Absorptionsspektren der Monomeren und Dimeren in Wasser wurden aus der Konzentrationsabhägigkeit der Spektren iterativ bestimmt. Der molare Extinktionskoeffizient des Monomeren bei 15,47 kK (646 nm) beträgt 7,4×104 M−1 cm−1. Das Dimere hat zwei langwellige Absorptionsbanden bei 14,60 und 16,80 kK (685 und 595 nm) mit sehr verschiedenen Intensitäten, 2×104 und 13,5×104 M−1 cm−1. Das Spektrum des Dimeren in wäßriger Lösung steht mit theoretischen Überlegungen von Förster (1946) und Levinson et al. (1957) in Übereinstimmung. Es spricht für eine antiparallele Orientierung der Moleküle im Dimeren. Haben substratgebundene Dimere eine andere Bindungsgeometrie als in Lösung, ist mit einer Zunahme der Intensität der längstwelligen Absorption zu rechnen.

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Zipfel, E., Grezes, JR., Seiffert, W. et al. Über Romanowsky-Farbstoffe und den Romanowsky-Giemsa-Effekt. Histochemistry 72, 279–290 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00517141

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00517141

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