Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Patterns of antibody reactivity to selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 epitopes in infected individuals grouped according to CD4+ cell levels

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
Journal of Clinical Immunology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We examined sera from 160 HIV-infected individuals for antibodies reactive to HIV-1 gp160 epitopes defined by seven synthetic peptides. Seropositive individuals were placed into three groups based upon levels of circulating CD4+ cells. These groups consisted of individuals with (1) more than 400 CD4+ cells, (2) 200–400 CD4+ cells, and (3) fewer than 200 CD4+ cells/mm3. The percentage of sera containing antibodies reactive with two immunodominant gp160 epitopes (a.a. 304–321 and 600–611) was unchanged between groups, regardless of CD4 cell numbers. The percentage of sera containing antibodies reactive with weakly immunogenic gp160 epitopes, such as those defined by peptides 425–448 and 846–860, declined in the groups as CD4 values decreased. Our results suggest that the patterns of antibody reactivity to gp160 epitopes change as CD4 levels decline. A narrowing of the humoral immune response to epitopes on the envelope of HIV-1 appears to occur with disease progression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gallo RC, Montagnier L: AIDS in 1988. Sci Am 259:41–48, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lane HC, Masur H, Edgar LC, Whalen G, Rook AH, Fauci AS: Abnormalities of B-cell activation and immunoregulation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 309:453–458, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gurley RJ, Ikeuchi K, Byrn RA, Anderson K, Groopman JE: CD4+ lymphocyte function with early human immuno-deficiency virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:1993–1997, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kennedy RC, Henkel RD, Pauletti D, Allan JS, Lee TH, Essex M, Dreesman GR: Antiserum to a synthetic peptide recognizes the HTLV-III envelope glycoprotein. Science 231:1556–1559, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chanh TC, Dreesman GR, Kanda P, Linette GP, Sparrow JT, Ho DD, Kennedy RC: Induction of anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies by synthetic peptides. EMBO J 5:3065–3071, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kennedy RC, Dreesman GR, Chanh TC, Boswell RN, Allan JS, Lee TH, Essex M, Sparrow JT, Ho DD, Kanda P: Use of resin-bound synthetic peptide for identifying a neutralizing antigenic determinant associated with the human immunodeficiency virus envelope. J Biol Chem 262:5769–5774, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ho DD, Sarngadharan MG, Hirsch MS, Schooley RT, Rota TR, Kennedy RC, Chanh TC, Sato VL: Human immunodeficiency virus neutralizing antibodies recognize several conserved domains on the envelope glycoproteins. J Virol 61:2024–2028, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  8. Rusche JR, Javaherian K, McDanal C, Petro J, Lynn DL, Grimaila R, Langlois A, Gallo RC, Arthur LO, Fischinger PJ, Bolognesi DP, Putney SD, Matthews TJ: Antibodies that inhibit fusion of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells bind a 24-amino acid sequence of the viral envelope, gp120. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:3198–3202, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  9. Palker TJ, Clark ME, Langlois AJ, Matthews TJ, Weinhold KJ, Randall RR, Bolognesi DP, Haynes BF: Type-specific neutralization of the human immunodeficiency virus with antibodies toenv-encoded synthetic peptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:1932–1936, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  10. Linsley PS, Ledbetter JA, Kinney-Thomas E, Hu SL: Effects of anti-gp120 monoclonal antibodies on CD4 receptor binding by theenv protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 62:3695–3702, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dalgleish AG, Chanh TC, Kennedy RC, Kanda P, Clapham PR, Weiss RA: Neutralization of diverse HIV-1 strains by monoclonal antibodies raised against a gp41 synthetic peptide. Virology 165:209–215, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  12. Skinner MA, Langlois AJ, McDanal CB, McDougal JS, Bolognesi DP, Matthews TJ: Neutralizing antibodies to an immunodominant envelope sequence do not prevent gp120 binding to CD4. J Virol 62:4195–4200, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sun NC, Ho DD, Sun CRY, Liou RS, Gordon W, Fung MSC, Li XL, Ting RC, Lee TH, Chang NT, Chang TW: Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the putative CD4-binding domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. J Virol 63:3579–3585, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wang JJG, Steel S, Wisniewolski R, Wang CY: Detection of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III by using a synthetic peptide of 21 amino acid residues corresponding to a highly antigenic segment of gp41 envelope protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:6159–6163, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gnann JW Jr, Schwimmbeck PL, Nelson JA, Truax AB, Oldstone MBA: Diagnosis of AIDS by using a 12-amino acid peptide representing an immunodominant epitope of the human immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 156:261–267, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gnann JW, Jr, Nelson JA, Oldstone MBA: Fine mapping of an immunodominant domain in the transmembrane glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus. J Virol 61:2639–2641, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  17. Palker TJ, Matthews TJ, Clark ME, Cianciolo GJ, Randall RR, Langlois AJ, White GC, Safai B, Snyderman R, Bolognesi DP, Haynes BF: A conserved region at the COOH terminus of human immunodeficiency virus gp120 envelope protein contains an immunodominant epitope. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:2479–2483, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  18. Klasse PJ, Pipkorn R, Blomberg J: Presence of antibodies to a putatively immunosuppressive part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp41 is strongly associated with health among HIV-positive subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:5225–5229, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  19. Narvanen A, Korkolainen M, Suni J, Korpela J, Kontio S, Partanen P, Vaheri A, Huhtala ML: Syntheticenv gp41 peptide as a sensitive and specific diagnostic reagent in different stages of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Med Virol 26:111–118, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  20. Schrier RD, Gnann JW Jr, Langlois AJ, Shriver K, Nelson JA, Oldstone MBA: B- and T-lymphocyte responses to an immunodominant epitope of human immunodeficiency virus. J Virol 62:2531–2536, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  21. Goudsmit J: Immunodominant B-cell epitopes of the HIV-1 envelope recognized by infected and immunized hosts. AIDS 2 (Suppl 1):S41-S45, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  22. Shafferman A, Lennox J, Grosfeld H, Sadoff J, Redfield RR, Burke DS: Patterns of antibody recognition of selected conserved amino acid sequences from HIV envelope in sera from different stages of HIV infection. AIDS Res Hum Retrovirus 5:33–39, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ratner L, Haseltine W, Patarca R, Livak KJ, Starcich B, Josephs SF, Doran ER, Rafalski JA, Whitehorn EA, Baumeister K, Ivanoff L, Petteway SR Jr, Pearson ML, Lautenberger JA, Papas TS, Ghrayeb J, Chang NT, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F: Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III. Nature 313:277–284, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  24. Warren RQ, Wolf H, Shuler KR, Eichberg JW, Zajac RA, Boswell RN, Kanda P, Kennedy RC: Synthetic peptides define the fine specificity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp160 humoral immune response in HIV type 1-infected chimpanzees. J Virol 64:486–492, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  25. Myers G, Rabson AB, Josephs SF, Smith TF, Berzofsky JA, Wong-Staal F: Human Retroviruses and AIDS 1989. A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences. Los Alamos, NM, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  26. Appleman ME, Marshall DW, Brey RL, Houk RW, Beatty DC, Winn RE, Melcher GP, Wise MG, Sumaya CV, Boswell RN: Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients without AIDS who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 158:193–199, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  27. Downie NM, Heath RW: Basic Statistical Methods, 2nd ed. New York, Harper and Row, 1965

    Google Scholar 

  28. Tindall B, Barker S, Donovan B, Barnes T, Roberts J, Kronenberg C, Gold J, Penny R, Cooper D, the Sydney AIDS Study Group: Characterization of the acute clinical illness associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Intern Med 148:945–949, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  29. Moss AR, Bacchetti P: Natural history of HIV infection. AIDS 3:55–61, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lifson AR, Rutherford GW, Jaffe HW: The natural history of human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Infect Dis 158:1360–1367, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schrier RD, Gnann JW Jr, Landes R, Kockshin C, Richman D, McCutchan A, Kennedy C, Oldstone MBA, Nelson JA: T cell recognition of HIV synthetic peptides in a natural infection. J Immunol 142:1166–1176

  32. Lasky LA, Nakamura G, Smith DH, Fennie C, Shimasaki C, Patzer E, Berman P, Gregory T, Capon DJ: Delineation of a region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 glycoprotein critical for interaction with the CD4 receptor. Cell 50:975–985, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  33. Fisher AG, Ratner L, Mitsuya H, Marselle LM, Harper ME, Broder S, Gallo RC, Wong-Staal F: Infectious mutants of HTLV-III with changes in the 3′ region and markedly reduced cytopathic effects. Science 233:655–659, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lee SJ, Hu W, Fisher AG, Looney DJ, Kao VF, Mitsuya H, Ratner L, Wong-Staal F: Role of the carboxyl-terminal portion of the HIV-1 transmembrane protein in viral transmission and cytopathogenicity. AIDS Res Hum Retrovirus 5:441–449, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  35. Chanh TC, Kennedy RC, Kanda P: Synthetic peptides homologous to HIV transmembrane glycoprotein suppress normal human lymphocyte blastogenic response. Cell Immunol 111:77–86, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  36. Cauda R, Tumbarello M, Ortona L, Kanda P, Kennedy RC, Chanh TC: Inhibition of normal human natural killer cell activity by human immunodeficiency virus synthetic transmembrane peptides. Cell Immunol 115:57–65, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  37. Re MC, Furlini G, La Placa M: Patterns of antigenaemia and antibody response in patients infected with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) according to clinical state. J Clin Pathol 42:282–283, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  38. Lefrere JJ, Fine JM, Lambin P, Salmon D, Salmon C: Increased IgA as a predictor of development of AIDS in HIV-infected subjects. Clin Chem 34:1356, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  39. Fling JA, Fischer JR Jr, Boswell RN, Reid MJ: The relationship of serum IgA concentration to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: A cross-sectional study of HIV-seropositive individuals detected by screening in the United States Air Force. J Allergy Clin Immunol 82:965–970, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  40. Moss AR, Bacchetti P, Osmond D, Krampf W, Chaisson RE, Stites D, Wilber J, Allain JP, Carlson J: Seropositivity for HIV and the development of AIDS or AIDS related condition: Three year follow up of the San Francisco General Hospital cohort. Br Med J 296:745–750, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  41. Clerici M, Stockes NI, Zajac R, Boswell RN, Lucey DR, Via CS, Shearer GM: Detection of three distinct patterns of T helper cell dysfunction in asymptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. J Clin Invest 84:1892–1899, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  42. Lane HC, Depper JM, Greene WC, Whalen G, Waldmann TA, Fauci AS: Qualitative analysis of immune function in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 313:79–84, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  43. Hoxie JA, Alpers JD, Rackowski JL, Huebner K, Haggarty BS, Cedarbaum AJ, Reed JC: Alterations in T4 (CD4) protein and mRNA synthesis in cells infected with HIV. Science 234:1123–1127, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  44. Pedersen C, Nielsen CM, Vestergaard BF, Gerstoft J, Krogsgaard K, Nielsen JO: Temporal relation of antigenaemia and loss of antibodies to core antigens to development of clinical disease in HIV infection. Clin Res 295:567–569, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  45. Weber JN, Clapham PR, Weiss RA, Parker D, Roberts C, Duncan J, Weller I, Carne C, Tedder RS, Pinching AJ, Cheingsong-Popov R: Human immunodeficiency virus infection in two cohorts of homosexual men: Neutralizing sera and association of anti-gag antibody with prognosis. Lancet 1:119–122, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  46. Kenny C, Parkin J, Underhill G, Shah N, Burnell B, Osborne E, Jeffries DJ: HIV antigen testing. Lancet 1:565–566, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  47. Lentner C (ed): Table 37.In Geigy Scientific Tables, Vol. 3: Physical Chemistry, Composition of Blood, Hematology, Somatometric Data, 8th ed. West Caldwell, NJ, Ciba-Geigy Corp., 1984, p 155

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P.O. Box 28147, 78228-0147, San Antonio, Texas

    Ronald Q. Warren, Hans Wolf, Patrick Kanda & Ronald C. Kennedy

  2. Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall Medical Center, 78236, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas

    Robert A. Zajac & R. Neal Boswell

Authors
  1. Ronald Q. Warren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hans Wolf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert A. Zajac
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R. Neal Boswell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Patrick Kanda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ronald C. Kennedy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Warren, R.Q., Wolf, H., Zajac, R.A. et al. Patterns of antibody reactivity to selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 epitopes in infected individuals grouped according to CD4+ cell levels. J Clin Immunol 11, 13–21 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00918790

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00918790

Key words

Search

Navigation