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Methadone and drug addicts

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Summary

Drug addicts who had died in Copenhagen City and County in 1981 and 1989 were analysed for methadone. In 1981, 94 cases were analysed of which 16% were found positive for methadone, and in 1989, 70 cases were analysed of which 37% were positive. Methadone alone was found to be the cause of death in 50% more cases in 1989 than in 1981. Only half of the drug addicts who were found positive for methadone had been under methadone treatment. Morphine and benzodiazepines were the most frequently occurring other substances in both 1981 and 1989. Alcohol was found in only about 30% of the methadone-positive cases. The median whole blood concentrations of methadone found in addicts where methadone was the cause of death was 0.3 mg/kg where no alcohol was present and 0.2 mg/kg where alcohol was present. In living persons using methadone, the median was 0.1 mg methadone/kg whole blood with or without alcohol present.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurden Drogenabhängige, die im Bereich der Stadt und des Kreises Kopenhagen in den Jahren 1981 and 1989 verstarben, hinsichtlich einer Methadoneinnahme untersucht. 1981 wurden 94 derartige Fälle untersucht, von denen 16% einen positiven Methadonbefund erbrachten. 1989 wurden 70 Fälle untersucht, von denen 37 positiv waren. Eine Methadonintoxikation als alleinige Todesursache wurde 1989 50% häufiger diagnostiziert als 1981. Nur die Hälfte der Drogenabhängigen, die Methadonpositiv waren, befanden sich in einer therapeutischen Methadonbehandlung. Morphin und Benzodiazepine waren sowohl 1981 als auch 1989 die am häufigsten nachzuweisenden weiteren Substanzen. Alkohol konnte nur in 30% der Methadon-positiven Fälle detektiert werden. Der Median der Vollblutkonzentration von Methadon betrug in jenen Fällen, in denen eine Methadonintoxikation die Todesursache war und keine zusätzliche Alkoholbeeinflußung vorlag, 0,3 mg/kg, hingegen bei einer zusätzlichen Alkoholbeeinflußung nur 0,2 mg/kg. Bei lebenden Personen, welche Methadon einnahmen, betrug der Median jeweils 0,1 mg Methadon/kg Vollblut unabhängig von der Alkoholbeeinflussung.

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Worm, K., Steentoft, A. & Kringsholm, B. Methadone and drug addicts. Int J Leg Med 106, 119–123 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225230

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225230

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