Summary
DNA restriction patterns of all known human adenovirus prototypes (1 to 41), ordered according to subgenera A to F, are presented for restriction endonucleases BamHI, BgIII, BstEII, HindIII, and SmaI. This catalogue is a prerequisite for typing of adenoviruses by DNA restriction analysis in diagnostic laboratories and for strain identification in reference laboratories. To determine the genetic relationship of human adenoviruses within a subgenus and between subgenera, a pairwise analysis of comigrating fragments was performed. Adenoviruses of subgenus C were closely related. Adenoviruses of subgenus B showed two related clusters of four types each, whereas the numerous serotypes of subgenus D did not show any corresponding clustering. Little comigration was observed between DNA restriction fragments from members of subgenus A or F respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adrian Th, Bastian B, Benoist W, Hierholzer JC, Wigand R (1985) Characterization of adenovirus 15/H9 intermediate strains. Intervirology 23: 15–22
Adrian Th, Heinrich W (1986) COMAP: a comigrating analysis program for estimating the relationship of adenoviruses on the genome level. Nucleic Acid Res 14: 559–565
Adrian Th, Wigand R, Hierholzer JC (1985) Immunological and biochemical characterization of adenovirus strains from subgenus B. II. DNA analysis. Arch Virol 84: 78–89
De Jong JC, Wigand R, Adrian Th, Hierholzer JC, Kapsenberg JG, Muzerie CJ, Wermenbol AG (1984) Adenovirus 38: a new human adenovirus species of subgenus D. Intervirology 22: 164–169
De Jong JC, Wigand R, Kidd AH, Wadell G, Kapsenberg JG, Muzerie CJ, Wermenbol AG, Firtzlaff R-G (1983) Candidate adenoviruses 40 and 41: fastidious adenoviruses from human infant stool. J Med Virol 11: 215–231
De Jong PJ, Valderrama G, Spigland I, Horwitz MS (1983) Adenovirus isolates from urine of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Lancet i: 1293–1296
Doerfler W (1969) Nonproductive infection of baby hamster kidney cells (BHK 21) with adenovirus type 12. Virology 38: 587–606
Duggleby RG, Kinns H, Rood JI (1981) A computer program for determining the size of DNA restriction fragments. Analyt Biochem 110: 49–55
EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Data Library, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (1984) P.O. Box 10 22 09, D-6900 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
Fife KH, Ashley R, Corey L (1985) Isolation and characterization of six new genome types of human adenovirus types 1 and 2. J Clin Microbiol 21: 20–23
Fife KH, Ashley R, Shields AF, Curfman MF, Salter D, Meyers JD, Corey L (1985) Comparison of neutralization and DNA restriction enzyme methods for typing clinical isolates of human adenovirus. J Clin Microbiol 22: 95–100
Garon CF, Berry KW, Hierholzer JC, Rose JA (1973) Mapping of base sequence heterologies between genomes from different adenovirus serotypes. Virology 54: 414–426
Gingeras TR, Sciaky D, Gelinas RE, Bing-Dong J, Yen CE, Kelly MM, Bullock PA, Parsons BL, O'Neill KE, Roberts RJ (1982) Nucleotide sequences from the adenovirus-2 genome. J Biol Chem 257: 13,475–13,491
Green M, Mackey JK, Wold WSM, Rigden P (1979) Thirty-one human adenovirus serotypes (Ad 1-Ad 31) form five groups (A-E) based upon DNA genome homologies. Virology 93: 481–492
Hammarskjöld M-L, Winberg G (1980) Encapsidation of adenovirus 16 DNA is directed by a small DNA sequence at the left end of the genome. Cell 20: 787–795
Hammond GW, Mauthe G, Joshua J, Hannan CK (1985) Examination of uncommon clinical isolates of human adenoviruses by restriction endonuclease analysis. J Clin Microbiol 21: 611–616
Hierholzer JC, Anderson L, Bingham P, Stone Y, Gold J (1984) Adenoviruses from patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Abstracts 6th international congress of virology, Sendai, Japan, September 1984, p 17
Hierholzer JC, Kemp MC, Gary Jr GW, Spencer HC (1982) New human adenovirus associated with respiratory illness: candidate adenovirus type 39. J Clin Microbiol 16: 15–21
Horwitz MS, Valderrama G, Korn R, Spigland I (1984) Adenovirus isolates from the urines of AIDS patients: characterization of group B recombinants. Proc. UCLA symposium on AIDS. Alan R Liss, New York, pp 187–207
Kemp MC, Hierholzer JC (1986) Three adenovirus 8 genome types defined by restriction enzyme analysis: prototype stability in geographically separated populations. J Clin Microbiol 23: 469–474
Kemp MC, Hierholzer JC, Cabradilla CP, Obijeski JF (1983) The changing etiology of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis: antigenic and restriction enzyme analyses of adenovirus types 19 and 37 isolated over a ten year period. J Infect Dis 148: 24–33
Kidd AH (1984) Genome variants of adenovirus 41 (subgroup G) from children with diarrhoea in South Africa. J Med Virol 14: 49–59
Robinson CC, Tibbetts C (1984) Polar encapsidation of adenovirus DNA: evolutionary variants reveal dispensable sequences near the left ends of Ad3 genomes. Virology 137: 276–286
Takiff HE, Reinhold W, Garon CF, Straus SE (1984) Cloning and physical mapping of enteric adenoviruses (candidate types 40 and 41) J Virol 51: 131–136
Uhnoo I, Wadell G, Svensson L, Johansson M (1983) Two new serotypes of enteric adenoviruses causing diarrhea. Dev Biol Stand 53: 311–318
Van Loon AE, Rozijn ThH, De Jong JC, Sussenbach JS (1985) Physicochemical properties of the DNAs of the fastidious adenovirus species 40 and 41. Virology 140: 197–200
Wadell G (1984) Molecular epidemiology of adenoviruses. Curr Top Microbiol 110: 191–220
Wadell G, Hammarskjöld M-L, Winberg G, Varsanyi TM, Sundell G (1980) Genetic variability of adenoviruses. Ann NY Acad Sci 354: 16–42
Wadell G, Sundell G, De Jong JC (1981) Characterization of candidate adenovirus 37 by SDS-polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis of virion polypeptides and DNA restriction site mapping. J Med Virol 7: 119–125
Wadell G, Varsanyi TM (1978) Demonstration of three different subtypes of adenovirus type 7 by DNA restriction site mapping. Infect Immun 21: 238–246
Wadell G, Varsanyi T, Lord A, Sutton RNP (1980) Epidemic outbreaks of adenovirus 7 with special reference to the pathogenicity of adenovirus genome type 7 b. Am J Epidem 112: 619–628
Wigand R, Adrian Th (1986) Classification and epidemiology of adenoviruses. In:Doerfler W (ed) Adenovirus DNA: the viral genome and its expression. Martinus Nijhoff Publ, Boston, pp 409–441
Wigand R, Bartha A, Dreizin RS, Esche H, Ginsberg HS, Green M, Hierholzer JC, Kalter SS, McFerran JB, Pettersson U, Russell WC, Wadell G (1982) Adenoviridae: Second report. Intervirology 18: 169–176
Wigand R, Gelderblom H, Özel M, Distler H, Adrian Th (1983) Characteristics of mastadenovirus h 8, the causative agent of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Arch Virol 76: 307–319
Wigand R, Gelderblom H, Wadell G (1980) New human adenovirus (candidate adenovirus 36), a novel member of subgroup D. Arch Virol 64: 225–233
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
With 10 Figures
Aided by grants from the “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” (Wi 3/21-1), the “Bundesministerium für Jugend, Familie und Gesundheit” FRG, and from the “Fördererverein der Deutschen Vereinigung zur Bekämpfung der Viruskrankheiten”.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adrian, T., Wadell, G., Hierholzer, J.C. et al. DNA restriction analysis of adenovirus prototypes 1 to 41. Archives of Virology 91, 277–290 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01314287
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01314287