Summary
In albino rats a left-sided cortical cold injury was studied histologically and by131I-RISA-autoradiography. The penetration of14C-urea and3H-water into brain and skeletal muscle was determined at various time intervals after intravenous injection of the markers, given in saline in one experimental series, and in urovert in another series. There was a 4% increase of water content in cortex and white matter on the side of the lesion. The14C-urea uptake by the uninjured brain tissue showed a demonstrable blood-brain barrier effect; on the injured side it was characterized by a breakdown of the barrier. The impaired barrier function was also apparent histologically from the leakage of exudate in the cortical lesion, and from the spreading of the exudate into the underlying white matter as shown by RISA-autoradiography. The3H-water penetration was not impeded by any barrier. In the injured tissue a delayed3H-water uptake suggested a decreased local blood flow. The effect of urovert was mainly apparent from a dilution of plasma radioactivity; a dehydration of the tissues was not demonstrated.
Zusammenfassung
An Albinoratten wurde eine Kälteläsion in der linken Hirnrinde histologisch und mittels131J-RISA-Autoradiographie untersucht. Das Eindringen von14C-Urea und3H-Wasser in Gehirn- und Muskelgewebe wurde zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten nach der intravenösen Injektion der radioaktiven Isotopen bestimmt; diese wurden in einer Probeserie in Salzlösung, in einer anderen in Urovert gegeben. An der Läsionsseite ergab sich eine vierprozentige Zunahme des Wassergehalts der Hirnrinde und des Marklagers. Die14C-Harnstoff-Aufnahme im ungeschädigten Hirngewebe zeigte einen bemerkbaren Bluthirnschrankeneffekt; an der betroffenen Seite war sie gekennzeichnet von einer Störung der Schranke. Die gestörte Schrankentätigkeit ließ sich histologisch darstellen durch das Austreten von Exsudat in der geschädigten Rinde, und ebenfalls durch die Verbreitung des Exsudats in das unterliegende Marklager, wie die Autoradiographie zeigte. Das Eindringen von3H-Wasser wurde von keiner Schrankenwirkung gehemmt. Die verzögerte Aufnahme des3H-Wassers im geschädigten Hirngewebe gab einen Hinweis für eine verringerte örtliche Durchblutung. Die Wirkung von Urovert zeigte sich vornehmlich in einer Verdünnung der Plasmaradioaktivität; eine Entwässerung der Gewebe konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden.
Résumé
Chez des rats albinos une étude histologique et autoradiographique à la serum albumine radioiodée-I131 a été faite sur une lésion corticale gauche provoquée par refroidissement. Le passage de l'urée-C14 et de l'eau-H3 dans le cerveau et le tissu musculaire fut déterminé au diverses intervalles après l'injection intraveineuse des radioisotopes, ceux-ci donnés dans la solution de sel chez l'une série experimentale, et dans l'urovert chez l'autre série. Il résulta une élévation de 4% du taux de l'eau dans le cortex et la substance blanche du côté lésé. Le passage de l'urée-C14 dans le tissu cérébral normal montra un effet démontrable de la barrière hémato-encéphalique; dans le tissu lésé il fut caractérisé par une perturbation de la barrière. Cette perturbation fut mise en évidence chez l'examen histologique par une exsudation dans le cortex refroidi; et aussi bien par la diffusion de l'exsudat dans la substance blanche sous-jacente, comme démontrée par l'autoradiographie. La pénétration de l'eau-H3 ne fut pas empêchée par aucune barrière. Dans le tissu lésé le passage ralenti de l'eau-H3 suggéra l'existence d'un débit sanguin localement baissé. L'effet de l'urovert se révéla principalement par une dilution de la radioactivité plasmique; une déshydratation des tissus n'était pas démontrable.
Riassunto
In ratti albini venne studiata una lesione da freddo nell'emisfero sinistro sia istologicamente che con131J-RISA-autoradiografia. La penetrazione di14C-urea e di3H-acqua nel cervello e nel tessuto muscolare venne determinata in diversi momenti dopo la iniezione intravenosa dell'isotopo radioattivo: questi vennero somministrati in una serie controllo in soluzione salina ed in una altra serie in Urovert. Nel lato della lesione risulto' un aumento del 4% del contenuto in acqua nella corteccia e nella sostanza bianca. L'assunzione di14C-urea nella corteccia non lesa mostro' un particolare effetto di barriera ematocerebrale: nel lato leso si aveva un disturbo della barriera. Il disturbo della barriera si poteva dimostrare istologicamente attraverso la fuoriuscita di essudato nella corteccia lesa ed anche per la diffusione dell'essudato nella sottostante sostanza bianca cosi' come autoradiograficamente fu dimostrato. La penetrazione di3H-acqua non fu inibita da alcuna azione di barriera. Il ritardato assorbimento di3H-aequa nel tessuto leso indicava ridotta circolazione locale. L'azione dell'urovert consisteva in sonstanza nella diluizione della radioattività plasmatica. Una deidratazione dei tessuti non pote' essere dimostratata.
Resumen
En ratas albinas una lesion de la corteza cerebral izquierda efectuada por el frío ha sido estudiada por examen histológico y autoradiográfico con albúmina del suero radioyodada-Y131. La penetración de urea-C14 y agua-H3 en el cerebro y músculo fue determinada en diversos tiempos después de la inyección intravenosa de los marcadores radioactivos, administrados en solución salina en una serie de animales, y en urovert (solución concentrada de urea) en una otra serie. Se puso manifiesto un aumento de 4% del contenido de agua en la corteza y la sustancia blanca al lado lesionado. El pasaje de urea-C14 en el tejido cerebral intacto mostrazó un efecto demostrable de la barrera hemato-encefálica; al lado lesionado la penetración fue caracterizada por una perturbation de la barrera. Esta perturbación fue evidente en el estudio histológico por una exudación en la lesión cortical, y tanto por la extensión del exudado en la sustancia blanca subyacente, como dernostrada por la autoradiografía. La penetración de agua-H3 no fue enfrenada por alguna barrera. En el tejido lesionado el pasaje tardío de agua-H3 indicazó la existencia de una irrigación cerebral localmente bajada. La acción del urovert se ha revelado principalmente por una dilución de la radioactividad plasmática; una deshidratación de los tejidos no fue demostrada.
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We are indebted to MissS. Hofman, Mr.J. Roona and Mr.M. Venema for their assistance, and to MissT. Schut for her statistical advice.
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Go, K.G., van Woudenberg, F., Woldring, M.G. et al. The penetration of14C-urea and3H-water into the rat brain with cold-induced cerebral oedema. Acta neurochir 21, 97–122 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01540919
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01540919