Skip to main content
Log in

Parental overprotection revisited

  • Articles
  • Published:
Child Psychiatry and Human Development Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Dimensions of parental overprotection are clarified in a critical review of the research and clinical literature. An indulgent style of parenting is distinguished from an overprotective parent-child relationship. Differential antecedents and outcomes are proposed for each of these forms of parent-child interaction. Measures of protection are reviewed. A new conceptual model of parental overprotection is presented which takes into account child, parent, family, socio-cultural, environmental and resiliency factors. Directions for future research are suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Levy DM: Maternal overprotection and rejection.Arch Neurol and Psychiatry 25: 886–889, 1931.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Parker G:Parental Overprotection: A Risk Factor in Psychosocial Development. New York: Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Green M, Solnit AJ: Reactions to the threatened loss of a child: a vulnerable child syndrome.Pediatrics 34:58–66, 1964.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kagan, J, Reznick S, Gibbons J: Inhibited and uninihibited types of children.Child Dev 60:838–845, 1989.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kagan, J, Reznick S, Snidman N: Biological bases of childhood shyness.Science 240:167–171, 1988.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Mattsson A, Gross, S: Social and behavioral studies, on hemophilic children and their families.J Pediatr 68:952–963, 1966.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tropauer A, Franz MN, Dilgard VW: Psychological aspects of the care of children with cystic fibrosis.Am J Dis Child 119:424–432, 1970.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Cappelli M, McGrath PJ, MacDonald NE, Katsanis J, Lascelles M: Parental care and overprotection of children with cystic fibrosis.Br J Med Psychol 62:281–289, 1989.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Markova I, MacDonald K, Forbes C: Impact of haemophilia on child-rearing practices and parental co-operation.J Child Psychol Psychiat 21:153–162.

  10. Bergman A, Stamm S: The morbidity of cardiac nondisease in schoolchildren.N Engl J Med 276:1008–1013, 1967.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cayler GG, Lynn DB, Stein EM: Effect of cardiac ‘nondisease’ on intellectual and perceptual motor development.Br Heart J 35:543–547, 1973.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Levy DM:Maternal Overprotection. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Levy DM: The concept of maternal overprotection. In:Parenthood, eds. Anthony EJ, Benedek T. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Levy DM: Body interest in children and hypochondriasis.Am J Psychiatry 89:295–315, 1932.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Becker WC: Consequences of different kinds of parental discipline. In:Review of Child Development Research Vol I., eds. Hoffman LW, Hoffman MC. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Parker G, Tupling H, Brown LB: A parental bonding instrument.Br J of Med Psychol 52: 1–10, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Parker G, Lipscombe P: Influences on maternal overprotection.Br J Psychiatry 138:303–311, 1981.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Parker G, Lipscombe P: Parental overprotection and asthma.J Psychosom Res 23: 295–299, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mahler MS, Pine F, Bergman A:The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant: Symbiosis and Individuation. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Fairbairn WRD:Psychoanalytic Studies of the Personality. London: Tavistock Publications Limited, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kagan J, Moss HA:Birth to Maturity: The Fels Study of Psychological Development. New York: Wiley, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sameroff AJ, Emde RN: Relationship disturbances in context InRelationship Disturbances in Early Childhood eds. Sameroff AJ, Emde RN. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bowen M:Family Therapy in Clinical Practice. New York: Aronson, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Kerr ME, Bowen M:Family Evaluation An Approach Based on Bowen Theory. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Green M, Beall P: Paternal deprivation—a disturbance in fathering.Pediatrics 30: 91–99, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Strecker EA:Their Mothers' Sons: The Psychiatrist Examines An American Problem, New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1946.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Erickson EH:Childhood and Society. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Baldwin AL, Baldwin C, Sameroff AJ, Seifer R:Protective factors in adolescent development. Presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Kansas City, MO, 1989.

  29. Roe A, Siegelman M: A parent-child relations questionnaire.Child Dev 34:355–369, 1963.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Roth RM:The mother-child relationship evaluation. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Goldsmith HH, Buss AH, Plomin R, Rothbart MK, Thomas A & Chess S, Hinde RA, McCall RB: Roundtable: What is temperament?Child Dev 58:505–529, 1987.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Garmezy N: Resilience in children's adaptation to negative life events and stressed environments.Pediatr Ann 20:459–466, 1991.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Patterson, JM: Family resilience to the challenge of a child's disability.Pediatr Ann 20:491–499, 1991.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Rutter M: Resilience in the face of adversityBr J Psychiatry 147:598–611, 1985.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This paper was begun when Dr. Thomasgard was a fellow in Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA.

The authors would like to thank Dr. Lionel Hersov, Gregg Drevno and Karen Ormachea for graciously reviewing early drafts of this paper. Supported, in part, by Maternal and Child Health Training Grant MCJ-9092 from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Thomasgard, M., Metz, W.P. Parental overprotection revisited. Child Psych Hum Dev 24, 67–80 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02367260

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02367260

Key words

Navigation