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A dual control system for assisting respiration

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Abstract

A dual control system for assisting respiration was developed. The following features were included: (i) ventilation is controlled by the metabolic rate from continuously measured CO2 output, (ii) physiologic dead space approximated as a linear function of tidal volume is used to estimate alveolar ventilation, and (iii) oxygen concentration in the inspired gas is regulated by the arterial oxygen saturation continuously measured with an ear oximeter.

The ventilator was used on dogs with an inspired gas mixture of 85% N2 and 15% O2. Arterial Pco2 was maintained between 36 and 39 mmHg for a duration exceeding 60 minutes. Although an oscillatory variation was seen in the arterial Po2 due to the adoption of an on-off control mode to regulate the O2 fraction in the inspired gas, it remained between 80 and 136 mmHg.

The dual control system of assisting respiration is capable of maintaining both the arterial Pco2 and Po2 within normal levels at any level of metabolic rate and any respiratory frequency.

Sommaire

On a développé un système à contrôle double pour aider la respiration. Il comprend les traits suivants: (i) La ventilation est contrôlée par le taux métabolique à partir de la mesure en continu du rendement en CO2, (ii) L'espace physiologique mort, calculé en tant que fonction linéaire du volume d'air de respiration, sert à estimer la ventilation alvéolaire et (iii) la concentration d'oxygène dans le gaz inspiré est réglée par la saturation artérielle d'oxygène mesurée en continu à l'aide d'un oxymètre placé dans l'oreille.

Le ventilateur fut utilisé sur des chiens avec un mélange de gaz inspiré contenant 85% de N2 et 15% de CO2. La pression artérielle de CO2 fut maintenue entre 36 et 39 mm de Hg pendant une durée supérieure à 60 minutes. Bien qu'une variation oscillatoire de la pression artérielle en O2, causée par l'adoption d'un mode de contrôle marche-arrêt servant à régler la fraction de O2 dans le gaz inspiré fut observée, celle-ci demeura entre 80 et 135 mm de Hg.

Le système à contrôle double d'aide respiratoire est capable de maintenir à la fois la pression artérielle de CO2 et de O2 dans des limites normales pour tout taux métabolique et toute fréquence respiratoire.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurde ein doppeltes Regelsystem als Atmungshilfe entwickelt das folgende Merkmale aufweist: 1) die Atemluft wird durch die Stoffwechselgeschwindigkeit aus der ständig gemessenen CO2-Leistung geregelt, 2) der physiologisch tote Raum, der als lineare Funktion des Atemvolumens im Näherungsverfahren bestimmt wurde, wird zur Beurteilung der Alveolen-Ventilation verwendet und 3) die Sauerstoffkonzentration im eingeatmeten Gas wird durch die arterielle Sauerstoffsättigung reguliert, die ständig mit einem Sauerstoffmesser im Ohr gemessen wird.

Das unterstützende Atemgerät wurde an Hunden mit einem Mischgas aus 85% N2 und 15% O2 eingesetzt. Der arterielle PCO2-Druck wurde für eine Dauer von höchstens 60 Minuten bei 36 und 39 mm HG gehalten. Obgleich im arteriellen PO2 eine Schwingungsänderung entstand, da man zur Regulierung der O2-Fraktion im eingeatmeten Gas eine Ein-/Ausschaltung verwendete, blieb er zwischen 80 und 135 mm Hg.

Aus den vorstehenden Ergebnissen läßt sich ersehen, daß das Doppelregelsystem bei der Atmungshilfe einen arteriellen PCO2 und PO2 in normaler Höhe bei jeder Stoffwechselgeschwindigkeit und Atmungsfrequenz beibehalten kann.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bio-Medical Control, Research Institute of Applied Electricity, Hokkaido University, 060, Sapporo, Japan

    Yoshinori Mitamura, Tomohisa Mikami & Katsuyuki Yamamoto

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  1. Yoshinori Mitamura
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  2. Tomohisa Mikami
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  3. Katsuyuki Yamamoto
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Mitamura, Y., Mikami, T. & Yamamoto, K. A dual control system for assisting respiration. Med. & biol. Engng. 13, 846–854 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02478088

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02478088

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