Laparoscopic gastrostomy versus percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Abstract

A retrospective study was carried out at our institution to compare patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) to those who underwent laparoscopic gastrostomy (LG). There were 17 patients who had a PEG with a mean age of 81 years (43–97 years). The procedure time, including complete esophago-gastroduodenoscopy, averaged 28 min. There were four deaths (23%) in a 30-day period, but none of these were directly related to the procedure. The LG group consisted of 14 patients with a mean age of 66 years (20–94 years). Mean duration of the procedure was 18 minutes. Thirty-day mortality rate was 35% (five patients) with one death (7%) directly related to the tube. Indications for gastrostomy were similar in both groups, being predominantly inability to eat and/or recurrent aspiration. However, LG was done because of 4 technical failures, 5 patients with tumors of the head and neck, 2 patients with esophageal obstruction and radiation stenosis precluding safe PEG, and 1 patient with hiatal hernia; 2 LGs were performed at the surgeon’s preference. Outcomes for LG and PEG were comparable. LG is a suitable, safe alternative to PEG in selected patients who cannot undergo gastroscopy and should be considered the procedure of choice in patients with head and neck tumors or intrathoracic pathology that prevents PEG.