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SUMO wrestling with type 1 diabetes

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Abstract

Post-translational modification of proteins by phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, or ubiquitylation represent central mechanisms through which various biological processes are regulated. Reversible covalent modification (i.e., sumoylation) of proteins by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) has also emerged as an important mechanism contributing to the dynamic regulation of protein function. Sumoylation has been linked to the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Advances in our understanding of the role of sumoylation suggested a novel regulatory mechanism for the regulation of immune responsive gene expression. In this review, we first update recent advances in the field of sumoylation, then specifically evaluate its regulatory role in several key signaling pathways for immune response and discuss its possible implication in T1D pathogenesis.

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Abbreviations

ERK :

Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase

JAK :

Janus kinase

JNK :

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

PIAS :

Protein inhibitors of activated stats

RanBP :

Ran binding protein

STAT :

Signal transducers and activators of transcription

T1D :

Type 1 diabetes

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the CIGP program of the Medical College of Georgia, the Dean of the Medical School’s special funding of the Medical College of Georgia, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (1-2004-235), the American Diabetes Association (1-05-JF-47) to C.Y.W. and the National Institute of Child Health and Development (HD37800) to J.X.S. We thank Dr. Sarah Eckenrode for her assistance with the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, CA4098, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Manyu Li, Dehuang Guo, Jin-Xiong She & Cong-Yi Wang

  2. Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, Augusta VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Carlos M. Isales

  3. Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, CP 618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Decio L. Eizirik

  4. Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100275, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0275, USA

    Mark Atkinson

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  1. Manyu Li
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Li, M., Guo, D., Isales, C.M. et al. SUMO wrestling with type 1 diabetes. J Mol Med 83, 504–513 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-005-0645-5

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