An analytical strategy to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of triptorelin in rats based on simultaneous LC–MS/MS analysis of triptorelin and endogenous testosterone in rat plasma

Abstract

Triptorelin, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, has been used in the treatment of hormone-responsive prostate cancer by inducing testosterone suppression. Research on the relationship between the time courses of triptorelin and testosterone is very important, but accurate quantification of triptorelin and testosterone simultaneously in biological specimens is a challenging analytical problem. In the present study, a rapid, sensitive, and selective method for simultaneous determination of triptorelin and testosterone in rat plasma by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was developed using a ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C8 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) with a 0.05 % propionic acid/methanol gradient. In view of the polarity difference between the two analytes, two internal standards, i.e., leuprolide and testosterone-¹³C₃, were used for individual quantitation of triptorelin and testosterone. Endogenous testosterone was determined by reference to a calibration curve prepared using testosterone-D₃ as a surrogate analyte. The method exhibits excellent linearity over three orders of magnitude for each analyte. The lower limit of quantification was 0.01 ng/mL for triptorelin and 0.05 ng/mL for testosterone, with consumption of 100 μL of plasma. The method was successfully applied to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of slow-release 28-day form triptorelin acetate biodegradable microspheres in rats after intramuscular injections of three consecutive doses of 0.6 mg/kg per 28 days. The results revealed that the pharmacokinetic profile of triptorelin produced an initial flare-up in testosterone levels, rapid castration within 5 days after injection, and long-term castration until the next dose.