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Epilepsy But Not Mobile Phone Frequency (900 MHz) Induces Apoptosis and Calcium Entry in Hippocampus of Epileptic Rat: Involvement of TRPV1 Channels

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Abstract

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and epilepsy are reported to mediate the regulation of apoptosis and oxidative stress through Ca2+ influx. Results of recent reports indicated that EMR can increase temperature and oxidative stress of body cells, and TRPV1 channel is activated by noxious heat, oxidative stress, and capsaicin (CAP). We investigated the effects of mobile phone (900 MHz) EMR exposure on Ca2+ influx, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and TRPV1 channel activations in the hippocampus of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic rats. Freshly isolated hippocampal neurons of twenty-one rats were used in study within three groups namely control, PTZ, and PTZ + EMR. The neurons in the three groups were stimulated by CAP. Epilepsy was induced by PTZ administration. The neurons in PTZ + EMR group were exposed to the 900 MHz EMR for 1 h. The apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase-3 and caspase-9 values were higher in PTZ and PTZ + EMR groups than in control. However, EMR did not add additional increase effects on the values in the hippocampal neurons. Intracellular-free Ca2+ concentrations in fura-2 analyses were also higher in PTZ + CAP group than in control although their concentrations were decreased by TRPV1 channel blocker, capsazepine. However, there were no statistical changes on the Ca2+ concentrations between epilepsy and EMR groups. In conclusion, apoptosis, mitochondrial, ROS, and Ca2+ influx via TRPV1 channel were increased in the hippocampal neurons by epilepsy induction although the mobile phone did not change the values. The results indicated that TRPV1 channels in hippocampus may possibly be a novel target for effective target of epilepsy.

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Abbreviations

[Ca2+]i :

Intracellular Ca2+

CAP:

Capsaicin

CPZ:

Capsazepine

DDT:

Dithiothreitol

DHR123:

Dihydrorhodamine 123

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

EMR:

Electromagnetic radiation

NP40:

Nonidet-P-40 substitute

PTZ:

Pentylentetrazol

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TRP:

Transient receptor potential

TRPV1:

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1

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Acknowledgments

Vahid Ghazizadeh (M.D.) was partially supported for the project by Free Oxygen Radical Society, Isparta, Turkey. Abstract of the manuscript submitted on 5th Neuroscience Days Meeting, 1–2 June 2013, Isparta, and the abstract was published in Cell Membr Free Radic Res. MN formulated the present hypothesis and was responsible for writing the report. ÖFF, HSR, VG, and BÇ were responsible for the analyses.

Declaration of interest

There is no conflict of interest in the study. All authors approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience Research Center, University of Suleyman Demirel, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey

    Mustafa Nazıroğlu & Vahid Ghazizadeh

  2. Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Science, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey

    Mustafa Nazıroğlu & Bilal Çiğ

  3. Faculty of Medicine, University of Suleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey

    Fatma Feyza Özkan & Seher Rabia Hapil

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  1. Mustafa Nazıroğlu
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  2. Fatma Feyza Özkan
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  3. Seher Rabia Hapil
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  4. Vahid Ghazizadeh
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Correspondence to Mustafa Nazıroğlu.

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Nazıroğlu, M., Özkan, F.F., Hapil, S.R. et al. Epilepsy But Not Mobile Phone Frequency (900 MHz) Induces Apoptosis and Calcium Entry in Hippocampus of Epileptic Rat: Involvement of TRPV1 Channels. J Membrane Biol 248, 83–91 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-014-9744-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-014-9744-y

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