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Evolution of an intronic microsatellite polymorphism in Toll-like receptor 2 among primates

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Abstract

Nonhuman primates express varying responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: New World monkeys appear to be resistant to tuberculosis (TB) while Old World monkeys seem to be particularly susceptible. The aim of this study was to elucidate the presence of the regulatory guanine–thymine (GT) repeat polymorphisms in intron 2 of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) associated with the development of TB in humans and to determine any variations in these microsatellite polymorphisms in primates. We sequenced the region encompassing the regulatory GT repeat microsatellites in intron 2 of TLR2 in 12 different nonhuman primates using polymerase chain reaction amplification, TA cloning, and automatic sequencing. The nonhuman primates included for this study were as follows: chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), bonobo (Pan paniscus), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), Celebes ape (Macaca nigra), rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina), patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi), Woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha), tamarin (Saguinus labiatus), and ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta). Nucleotide sequences encompassing the regulatory GT repeat region are similar across species and are completely conserved in great apes. However, Old World monkeys lack GT repeats altogether, while New World monkeys and ring-tailed lemurs have much more complex structures around the position of the repeats. In conclusion, the genetic structures encompassing the regulatory GT repeats in intron 2 of human TLR2 are similar among nonhuman primates. The sequence is most conserved in New World monkeys and less in Old World monkeys.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute of Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jae-Joon Yim

  2. Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, CRC B3-4141, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1684, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1684, USA

    Amelia A. Adams & Steven M. Holland

  3. Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Ju Han Kim

Authors
  1. Jae-Joon Yim
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  2. Amelia A. Adams
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  3. Ju Han Kim
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  4. Steven M. Holland
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Correspondence to Steven M. Holland.

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Yim, JJ., Adams, A.A., Kim, J.H. et al. Evolution of an intronic microsatellite polymorphism in Toll-like receptor 2 among primates. Immunogenetics 58, 740–745 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-006-0141-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-006-0141-2

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