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DNA vaccine prime and recombinant FPV vaccine boost: an important candidate immunization strategy to control bluetongue virus type 1

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Abstract

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of bluetongue (BT), an important sheep disease that caused great economic loss to the sheep industry. There are 26 BTV serotypes based on the outer protein VP2. However, the serotypes BTV-1 and BTV-16 are the two most prevalent serotypes in China. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing viral infections. Therefore, the need for an effective vaccine against BTV is urgent. In this study, DNA vaccines and recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV) vaccines expressing VP2 alone or VP2 in combination with VP5 or co-expressing the VP2 and VP5 proteins of BTV-1 were evaluated in both mice and sheep. Several strategies were tested in mice, including DNA vaccine prime and boost, rFPV vaccine prime and boost, and DNA vaccine prime and rFPV vaccine boost. We then determined the best vaccine strategy in sheep. Our results indicated that a strategy combining a DNA vaccine prime (co-expressing VP2 and VP5) followed by an rFPV vaccine boost (co-expressing VP2 and VP5) induced a high titer of neutralizing antibodies in sheep. Therefore, our data suggest that a DNA vaccine consisting of a pCAG-(VP2+VP5) prime and an rFPV-(VP2+VP5) boost is an important candidate for the design of a novel vaccine against BTV-1.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31302065), National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2011AA10A212) and Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (No. 1610302015008).

Author contributions

J.L. and D.W. designed the experiment. J.L. performed the experiments and wrote the paper. T.Y., Q. X., E.S., Y.F., S.L., and H.W. participated in the sheep experiments.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China

    Junping Li, Tao Yang, Qingyuan Xu, Encheng Sun, Yufei Feng, Shuang Lv, Qin Zhang, Haixiu Wang & Donglai Wu

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  1. Junping Li
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  2. Tao Yang
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  3. Qingyuan Xu
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  4. Encheng Sun
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Correspondence to Donglai Wu.

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Li, J., Yang, T., Xu, Q. et al. DNA vaccine prime and recombinant FPV vaccine boost: an important candidate immunization strategy to control bluetongue virus type 1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 8643–8652 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6697-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6697-8

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