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Precision insertion of percutaneous sacroiliac screws using a novel augmented reality-based navigation system: a pilot study

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Abstract

Purpose

Augmented reality (AR) enables superimposition of virtual images onto the real world. The aim of this study is to present a novel AR-based navigation system for sacroiliac screw insertion and to evaluate its feasibility and accuracy in cadaveric experiments.

Methods

Six cadavers with intact pelvises were employed in our study. They were CT scanned and the pelvis and vessels were segmented into 3D models. The ideal trajectory of the sacroiliac screw was planned and represented visually as a cylinder. For the intervention, the head mounted display created a real-time AR environment by superimposing the virtual 3D models onto the surgeon’s field of view. The screws were drilled into the pelvis as guided by the trajectory represented by the cylinder. Following the intervention, a repeat CT scan was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the system, by assessing the screw positions and the deviations between the planned trajectories and inserted screws.

Results

Post-operative CT images showed that all 12 screws were correctly placed with no perforation. The mean deviation between the planned trajectories and the inserted screws was 2.7 ± 1.2 mm at the bony entry point, 3.7 ± 1.1 mm at the screw tip, and the mean angular deviation between the two trajectories was 2.9° ± 1.1°. The mean deviation at the nerve root tunnels region on the sagittal plane was 3.6 ± 1.0 mm.

Conclusions

This study suggests an intuitive approach for guiding screw placement by way of AR-based navigation. This approach was feasible and accurate. It may serve as a valuable tool for assisting percutaneous sacroiliac screw insertion in live surgery.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers: 81272002, 81171429, and 81511130089), Biomedical Engineering Cross of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Grant number: YG2012MS18) and the School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Medical Education Grant).

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Correspondence to Xiaojun Chen or Qiugen Wang.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Human and animal studies

This study did not engage in the use of animals or living persons.

Additional information

Huixiang Wang and Fang Wang contributed equally to this work.

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Wang, H., Wang, F., Leong, A.P.Y. et al. Precision insertion of percutaneous sacroiliac screws using a novel augmented reality-based navigation system: a pilot study. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 40, 1941–1947 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-3028-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-3028-8

Keywords

Navigation